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132 RECOMMENDATIONS 6.3.6 Environmental Impact Assessment RECOMMENDATION The future development of ports and petroleum terminals in the Member Countries should include a dangerous goods risk assessment and consideration of trans-boundary impacts in EIAs. CHALLENGE Two large ports under construction in the Member Countries are Chiang Saen Port II, Thailand, and Phnom Penh Container Terminal. The EIAs for these two ports were completed prior to the construction phase. However, the ports have not completed a dangerous goods risk assessment and it could not be determined if the potential trans-boundary impacts have been considered. It could also not be determined if the ports are required to prepare environmental management plans (EMP). These new ports present an opportunity to conduct a dangerous goods risk assessment and establish EMP prior to the ports commencing operations. These activities could include training for all employees to increase understanding and awareness of the risks associated with dangerous goods. As an international river, with stretches where the international border follows the river alignment and stretches where the river crosses international borders, pollution in the Mekong will often become a trans-boundary issue. It is therefore essential that effective trans-boundary measures for preventing pollution and mitigating impacts of accidents, oil spills and pollution incidents are developed, agreed upon by the countries and enforced. The MRC has been assisting Member Countries to establish trans-boundary EIA for socio-economic developments along the Mekong River, this should include development of ports, terminals and navigation activities. 6.3.7 Environmental Management Plan RECOMMENDATION Member Countries should ensure the ports and petroleum terminals develop environmental management plans and are assessed by national line agencies. CHALLENGE A number of existing port and petroleum terminals have not developed environmental management plans (EMP). EMP can be used by national line agencies to evaluate how operators of ports and petroleum will manage pollution prevention, waste management, wastewater treatment and comply with environmental rules and regulations related to environmental protection and water quality. The national line agencies should also establish monitoring programmes to measure and monitor how the companies are performing against the EMP. The operation of petroleum companies and ports has the potential to cause major pollution and should be closely monitored. 6.3.8 Protected Areas and Important Wetlands RECOMMENDATION Control the transport of dangerous goods in protected areas and important wetlands in all Member Countries. CHALLENGE There were a number of important wetlands identified in the Mekong River, particularly in Cambodia where it was proposed in the Risk Analysis that transport of dangerous goods should be prohibited or restricted in two waterway sections:
ENVIRONMENT 133 1. Tonle Sap Lake, where domestic transport of petroleum products takes place from Phnom Penh to Chhong Kneas for floating fuel terminals; and 2. Steung Treng to Kratie where there is currently limited transport of dangerous goods with navigation characterized by local transport and tourist vessels. This section contains important wetlands and biodiversity on the Mekong River which should be protected. Further assessment is required of the potential impacts of transport of dangerous goods and navigation in both these areas to ensure that adequate risk controls are in place to minimise impacts to water quality and biodiversity. The floating fuel terminals on the Tonle Sap Lake also require further investigation. The Tonle Sap Lake is the most productive inland fishery in the world and provides food security and livelihoods for millions of people in Cambodia. 6.3.9 Joint Statement on Protecting Environment and Promoting Navigation RECOMMENDATION Member Countries should prepare a joint statement committing on effective coordination for promoting navigation and protecting the waterway environment. CHALLENGE The Risk Analysis showed that more collaboration is required between the Ministries of Natural Resources and Environment, Water Resources, Public Works and Transport, other national line agencies and the private sector. The Member Countries should commence the dialogue by preparing a joint statement that aims to achieve the important balance of socio-economic development in the navigation sectors with equitable and sustainable development on the Mekong River. Goals and measurable targets can be established to ensure that potential environmental impacts are well understood so impacts can be measured and mitigated. In 2007, a Joint Statement on Inland Navigation and Environmental Sustainability in the Danube River Basin was concluded and very positively received by stakeholders. This initiative was launched in 2007 by the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR) in cooperation with the Danube Navigation Commission and the International Sava Commission. The goal was to develop and commit to a Joint Statement on Guiding Principles for the Development of Inland Navigation and Environmental Protection in the Danube River Basin. This was achieved in late 2007. Inland navigation can contribute to making transport more environmentally sustainable, particularly where it substitutes for road transport. It can, however, also have significant influence on river ecosystems, jeopardising the goals of the EU Water Framework Directive, which aims for the “good ecological status” of all waters by 2015 4 . A similar framework can be developed in the Mekong River Basin. 6.3.10 Waste Management RECOMMENDATION Member Countries should ensure that waste-disposal facilities are established for solid and liquid wastes along the Mekong River. CHALLENGE The operations of ports, terminals and vessels have the potential to generate both domestic and hazardous wastes. Currently, industrial and municipal waste management plans in the Member Countries are limited, increasing the risks to both the environment and public health. It was observed
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2 3 5.1 CARRIAGE, HANDLING AND STOR
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Key MRC staff, memb
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CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
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CONTENTS III 3.3.3.2 Safety Managem
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ADN Acco
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ILO International Labor Organisatio
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PPE Personal Protective Equipment P
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DEFINITIONS Administration: means t
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DEFINITIONS XIII Loading arm: an ar
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS (
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1. FROM RISK ANALYSIS TO RECOMMENDA
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FROM RISK ANALYSIS TO RECOMMENDATIO
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FROM RISK ANALYSIS TO RECOMMENDATIO
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1.3.3 Enforcement and Compliance FR
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2. PORTS AND TERMINALS 2.1 INTRODUC
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HAZARD HOT WORK RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
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2.3 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PREVENTION
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PORTS AND TERMINALS 15 The ISPS Cod
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ACTIONS Technical and Management PO
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PORTS AND TERMINALS 19 • OISD-STD
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ACTIONS Technical and Management (c
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PORTS AND TERMINALS 25 Fire and gas
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References ILO Code of Practice on
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For the segregation table the follo
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2.3.4.3 Monitoring and Control of D
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References International Safety Gui
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2.3.4.6 Drug and Alcohol Policy REC
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Tier 1 PORTS AND TERMINALS 41 • S
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PORTS AND TERMINALS 43 • Planning
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PORTS AND TERMINALS 45 • Dangerou
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Technical and Management (continued
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2.4.2.2 Portable and Mobile Firefig
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3. VESSELS 3.1 INTRODUCTION RECOMME
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VESSELS 59 Priority levels are base
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References VESSELS 61 • ADN (Euro
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VESSELS 63 collisions. If a VTS sys
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VESSELS 65 important cause was "mai
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Drip Trays VESSELS 67 Suitable drip
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Institutional and Capacity Building
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Institutional and Capacity Building
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3.3.2.7 Bunkering Operations Target
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Page 126 and 127: 106 RECOMMENDATIONS Table 5: Summar
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Page 130 and 131: 110 RECOMMENDATIONS tool that would
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