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66 RECOMMENDATIONS 3.3.1.4 Cargo Handling Equipment Target group: Tanker barges RECOMMENDATION Member Countries should establish minimum technical standards for cargo-handling equipment including cargo pipes, hoses and valves. Challenge There is no system in place for inspecting and maintaining the cargo pump in the pump room and the cargo pump on the deck. There is no evidence of a preventive maintenance schedule onboard the vessel for this equipment. There are also no procedures or checklists available to crewmembers that can be completed prior to commencing loading/discharging operation. Maintenance and operational procedures are considered a high priority. Failure to maintain cargo pump and associated equipment will increase the risks of an incident occurring. Under cargo handling equipment, the following important items are considered: • pump room; • cargo pump; • cargo hoses and pipes, • cargo valves; • drip trays; • spill belt; • tank-measurement device and tank-capacity alarm; • emergency shutdown system; and • gas detection. This equipment requires close attention as the proper and adequate use greatly reduces the risk of fire, explosion and pollution. Pump Room and Cargo Pumps A pump room has a large concentration of cargo pipelines and connections between pipes and cargo valves and is the place where leaks are likely to occur. It has the potential to be a highly dangerous place onboard that should be monitored closely. Leakage of a volatile product from any part of the system could lead to rapid generation of a flammable or toxic atmosphere. It contains a number of potential ignition sources which are only under control if structured maintenance, inspection and monitoring procedures are followed. Because of their location, design and the operational need to be routinely entered by personnel, pump rooms are spaces that present a particular hazard and necessitate special precautions to prevent fire, explosion and fatal injuries. Cargo pumps in pump rooms and on deck should be checked for leaks prior to any cargo operation to avoid fire or explosion and pollution. Cargo Hoses and Pipes The cargo and bunker hoses, pipelines and manifolds of barges are often in poor condition, not properly rigged and not appropriate for the service intended. This condition can easily cause important and repeating spills with high risk of fire or explosion and pollution.
Drip Trays VESSELS 67 Suitable drip trays should be placed under each manifold to collect any spillage occurring during connecting or disconnecting. Spill Belt Most of the tanker barges are not provided with a spill belt, used to collect spillages from a tank overflow or any other spillage during cargo or bunker operation to prevent the spill from entering in the river. It is normally designed to collect liquid cargo of up to 200L. Tank Measurement and Tank-Capacity Alarm The tanker barges sailing on the Mekong River are not fitted with any tank-measurement device or tank-capacity alarm. This increases the risk of an overfill and tank overflow which can result in extensive pollution and, depending on the kind of cargo, high risk of fire or explosion. Emergency Shutdown System An emergency shutdown procedure, and alarm, should be agreed between the tanker and the terminal and recorded on an appropriate form. The agreement should designate those circumstances in which operations must be stopped immediately. Due regard should be given to the possible dangers of a pressure surge associated with any emergency shutdown procedure. Gas Measuring Instruments Benzene, toluene and xylene (aromatic hydrocarbons) are components in many petroleum cargoes. The supplier should advise the tanker about these components in the cargo to be loaded. Regular exposure to concentrations of benzene vapours (even very low) will undoubtedly cause cancer. H2S (hydrogen sulfide) can be encountered in many crude oils, and refined products such as naphtha, fuel oil, bunker fuels, bitumens and gas oils. H2S is a very toxic, corrosive and flammable gas. The gas is colourless, heavier than air and soluble in water. It is often commonly referred to as "rotten egg" gas. The safe management of operations onboard tankers is often dependent upon the crew’s ability to determine the composition of the ambient atmosphere (or in an enclosed space). The tanker crew needs to measure the oxygen, flammable and toxic gas concentrations in an atmosphere. This will enable them to detect the presence of explosive mixtures, toxic vapours or oxygen deficiency that may present a risk of explosion or hazard to personnel. However, gas-measuring instruments were not provided onboard tanker barges that were checked. References • Classification societies; • ADN; and • ISGINTT.
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2 3 5.1 CARRIAGE, HANDLING AND STOR
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Key MRC staff, memb
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CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
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CONTENTS III 3.3.3.2 Safety Managem
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ADN Acco
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ILO International Labor Organisatio
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PPE Personal Protective Equipment P
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DEFINITIONS Administration: means t
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DEFINITIONS XIII Loading arm: an ar
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS (
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1. FROM RISK ANALYSIS TO RECOMMENDA
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FROM RISK ANALYSIS TO RECOMMENDATIO
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FROM RISK ANALYSIS TO RECOMMENDATIO
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1.3.3 Enforcement and Compliance FR
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2. PORTS AND TERMINALS 2.1 INTRODUC
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HAZARD HOT WORK RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
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2.3 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PREVENTION
Page 35 and 36: PORTS AND TERMINALS 15 The ISPS Cod
Page 37 and 38: ACTIONS Technical and Management PO
Page 39 and 40: PORTS AND TERMINALS 19 • OISD-STD
Page 41 and 42: ACTIONS Technical and Management (c
Page 45 and 46: PORTS AND TERMINALS 25 Fire and gas
Page 51 and 52: References ILO Code of Practice on
Page 53 and 54: For the segregation table the follo
Page 55 and 56: 2.3.4.3 Monitoring and Control of D
Page 57 and 58: References International Safety Gui
Page 59 and 60: 2.3.4.6 Drug and Alcohol Policy REC
Page 61 and 62: Tier 1 PORTS AND TERMINALS 41 • S
Page 63 and 64: PORTS AND TERMINALS 43 • Planning
Page 65 and 66: PORTS AND TERMINALS 45 • Dangerou
Page 67 and 68: Technical and Management (continued
Page 69 and 70: 2.4.2.2 Portable and Mobile Firefig
Page 77 and 78: 3. VESSELS 3.1 INTRODUCTION RECOMME
Page 79 and 80: VESSELS 59 Priority levels are base
Page 81 and 82: References VESSELS 61 • ADN (Euro
Page 83 and 84: VESSELS 63 collisions. If a VTS sys
Page 85: VESSELS 65 important cause was "mai
Page 91 and 92: Institutional and Capacity Building
Page 99 and 100: 3.3.2.7 Bunkering Operations Target
Page 101 and 102: VESSELS 81 Special attention is nee
Page 103 and 104: VESSELS 83 To deliver the required
Page 105 and 106: For port facilities, the requiremen
Page 111 and 112: VESSELS 91 including the kind of PP
Page 113 and 114: guidelines are given as these are s
Page 115 and 116: References • IMO Resolution MSC.2
Page 119 and 120: VESSELS 99 oil pollution incident h
Page 121: ACTIONS Institutional and Capacity
Page 124 and 125: 104 RECOMMENDATIONS d. Navigation,
Page 126 and 127: 106 RECOMMENDATIONS Table 5: Summar
Page 128 and 129: 108 RECOMMENDATIONS 4.3.2 Minimum S
Page 130 and 131: 110 RECOMMENDATIONS tool that would
Page 132 and 133: 112 RECOMMENDATIONS 4.3.8 Establish
Page 134 and 135: 114 RECOMMENDATIONS Ship's skipper
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116 RECOMMENDATIONS
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118 RECOMMENDATIONS • ILO Code of
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120 RECOMMENDATIONS Due to the lack
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122 RECOMMENDATIONS With regard to
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124 RECOMMENDATIONS 5.3.7 Examine M
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126 RECOMMENDATIONS to enact or imp
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128 RECOMMENDATIONS • Elevated le
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130 RECOMMENDATIONS There is no sin
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132 RECOMMENDATIONS 6.3.6 Environme
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134 RECOMMENDATIONS that some oily
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136 RECOMMENDATIONS The recommendat
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138 RECOMMENDATIONS Figure 20: The
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2 3 5.1 Office of the Secretariat i
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