Composite Materials Research Progress

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144 Material Yuanxin Zhou, Hassan Mahfuz, Vijaya Rangari et al. Table 2. Flexure test data for carbon prepreg laminates Flexural Strength (MPa) Average Strength (MPa) Gain/Loss Strength (%) Flexural Modulus (GPa) Neat Sample 1 765.32 82.14 Neat Sample 2 806.46 80.43 Neat Sample 3 789.38 787.45 -- 82.05 Neat Sample 4 782.62 80.29 Neat Sample 5 793.45 76.91 1.5wt% Sample1 1043.35 93.93 1.5wt% Sample2 995.28 97.02 1.5wt% Sample3 1012.59 1042.34 +32.37 98.25 1.5wt% Sample4 1088.92 90.65 1.5wt% Sample5 1071.55 99.36 Average Modulus (GPa) 80.36 -- Gain/Loss Modulus (%) 95.84 +19.26 Table 3. Standard deviation and Coefficient of variation of flexure test data Standard Deviation (±) Co-eff. of Variation (%) Neat system Strength 13.52 1.72 Neat system Modulus 1.89 2.36 +1.5wt% Nano-phased system Strength 34.99 3.36 +1.5wt% Nano-phased system Modulus 3.17 3.31 Tensile Response of Layered <strong>Composite</strong>s Typical curves for the tensile behavior of both neat and 1.5 wt.% nano-phased specimen are shown in Figure 17. The in-plane tensile behavior of both the composites shows linear behavior up to approximately 1.2% strain where initial fiber failure occurred. The behavior continued to be linear again till the final specimen failure. Both the elastic modulus and the strength of nano-phased composites were between 7-10% higher than their neat counterparts. The reason for such small improvement could be visualized in the sense that, in tension the fiber took maximum load and the nanoparticle infusion in the matrix did not contribute much in improving the tensile properties. The improvement of modulus in this study was mainly because of the improvement of the matrix modulus by filler dispersion. Therefore it can be deduced that higher tensile properties in the nanocomposite is due to higher nano-phased matrix properties. Average mechanical properties and their deviation are shown in Table 4 and Table 5, respectively.
Material An Experimental and Analytical Study of Unidirectional Carbon Fiber… 145 Figure 17. Engineering Stress-Strain curves of tensile test. Table 4. Tensile test data for carbon prepreg laminates Tensile Strength (GPa) Average Strength (GPa) Gain/Loss Strength (%) Tensile Modulus (GPa) Neat Sample 1 1.32 86.44 Neat Sample 2 1.41 84.35 Neat Sample 3 1.39 1.38 -- 85.03 Neat Sample 4 1.42 88.57 Neat Sample 5 1.34 86.61 1.5wt% Sample1 1.48 96.39 1.5wt% Sample2 1.39 90.68 1.5wt% Sample3 1.51 1.48 +7.25 93.13 1.5wt% Sample4 1.49 97.90 1.5wt% Sample5 1.55 94.37 Average Modulus (GPa) 86.20 -- Gain/Loss Modulus (%) 94.49 +9.62 Table 5. Standard deviation and Coefficient of variation of tensile test data Standard Deviation (±) Neat system Strength 0.04 2.86 Neat system Modulus 1.49 1.69 +1.5wt% Nano-phased system Strength 0.05 3.56 +1.5wt% Nano-phased system Modulus 2.51 2.66 Co-eff. of Variation (%)
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COMPOSITE MATERIALS RESEARCH PROGRE
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Copyright © 2008 by Nova Science P
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vi Contents Chapter 9 Recent Advanc
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viii Lucas P. Durand scale transiti
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x Lucas P. Durand machine. In paral
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In: Composite Materials Research Pr
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Multi-scale Analysis of Fiber-Reinf
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T300 fibers (Soden et al., 1998; Ag
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1 I L = L : r v Multi-scale Analysi
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I E ⎡0 ⎢ ⎢0 ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢0
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Applied macroscopic load Correspond
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Optimization of Laminated Composite
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⎧σ x ⎫ ⎡ mE ⎪ ⎪ ⎢ x
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and γ 2 γ 0 Optimization of Lamin
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4 x 10 5 4 3 2 1 Compliance (Nmm) 0
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Page 124 and 125: 110 W.H. Zhong, R.G. Maguire, S.S.
Page 126 and 127: 112 Reinforcement: Advanced materia
Page 144 and 145: 130 Yuanxin Zhou, Hassan Mahfuz, Vi
Page 154 and 155: 140 Heat Flow (W/g) Heat Flow (W/g)
Page 160 and 161: 146 SEM Analysis Yuanxin Zhou, Hass
Page 164 and 165: 150 Governing Equation For the fibe
Page 166 and 167: 152 ⎧ UU = ⎨ ⎩ ⎧ UD = ⎨
Page 170 and 171: 156 Stress (MPa) 120 80 40 0 Yuanxi
Page 180 and 181: 166 Giangiacomo Minak and Andrea Zu
Page 184 and 185: 170 ⎟ ⎞ ⎠ s ⎜ ⎛ ⎝ = a E
Page 202 and 203: 188 A B E (MPa) D 250000 200000 150
Page 204 and 205: 190 D D 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
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194 Giangiacomo Minak and Andrea Zu
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204 Conclusion Giangiacomo Minak an
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Research Directions in the Fatigue
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Bending force [N] Research Directio
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Damage Variables in Impact Testing
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F peak [kN] 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 D
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Eletromechanical Field Concentratio
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MV/m. Eletromechanical Field Concen
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276 S.C. Tjong developed in the pas
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278 S.C. Tjong ultrasonic waves gen
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280 S.C. Tjong applications. Goujon
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282 S.C. Tjong nanoparticles were p
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284 S.C. Tjong where DL is lattice
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286 S.C. Tjong stress is temperatur
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288 S.C. Tjong threshold stress res
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290 S.C. Tjong NC Al, and the NC Al
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292 S.C. Tjong (a) (b) Figure 19. T
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294 S.C. Tjong Apart from forming u
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296 S.C. Tjong [29] Saravanan, M.;
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298 braids, 115 broadband, 211 bubb
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300 endothermic, 139 endurance, 32
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302 isostatic pressing, 279, 288 It
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304 piezoelectricity, 261 pitch, 12
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306 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 84, 94,
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