IV EdiciÃ³n Revista Derecho en Sociedad - Ulacit

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DERECHO EN SOCIEDAD, N. º 4 . Enero del 2013 Revista electrónica de la Facultad de Derecho, ULACIT – Costa Rica Unilateral Appointments in International Commercial Arbitration. Is it time to change the way Arbitral Tribunals are constituted? Herman Duarte 1 Abstract The proper constitution of an Arbitral Tribunal will determine the validity and enforceability of an award. This paper deals with the different problematic that multi arbitrator tribunals, in specific those panels formed under the scheme of party appointed arbitrators can face during the proceedings, analyzing the possibility of reducing the perverse incentives that an arbitrator might have in ruling in favor of his nominating party. Key words: International Arbitration, Unilateral Appointments, Arbitrators, Impartiality and independence, perverse incentives. Resumen La conformación de los Tribunales Arbitrales determinara la validez y ejecutabilidad de un laudo. Este trabajo da un enfoque sobre las diferentes situaciones problemáticas que tribunales arbitrales, en concreto, los tribunales conformados bajo el esquema de nombramientos unilaterales se enfrentan durante los procedimientos, analizando la 1 Funge como of counsel para BATALLA Abogados, además de ser profesor visitante en ULACIT en la matería de Resolución Alterna de Conflictos. Cuenta con un Master of Laws in International Commercial Arbitration(LLM) por Stockholm University, y una Licenciatura en Derecho por Escuela Superior Economía y Negocios. Está autorizado para ejercer la abogacía y el notariado en El Salvador, actualmente en trámite para colegiarse en Costa Rica. Contacto: hduarte@batalla.cr. 70
DERECHO EN SOCIEDAD, N. º 4 . Enero del 2013 Revista electrónica de la Facultad de Derecho, ULACIT – Costa Rica posibilidad de reducir los incentivos perversos que un árbitro pueda tener en dictar un laudo a favor de la parte que lo ha nominado. Palabras clave: Palabras claves: Arbitraje Internacional, Nombramientos Unilaterales, Árbitros, Imparcialidad e independencia, Incentivos perversos. Introduction The last part of a contract usually addresses the conflict resolution clauses. Such clauses tend to be of vital importance in international commercial relationships, since these clauses will determine the way that potential conflicts will be resolved. Hence, it is likely that parties will be in favor of agreeing to an efficient, impartial, and just method to solve any eventual disagreements. In an international commercial relationship, parties tend to avoid the national courts systems, because it takes a considerable amount of time to reach a solution. In some cases, parties are concerned about corruption, and a perceived lack of a neutrality of the courts. These, among other factors, have contributed to the rise of Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods (ADR) 2 . Even though ADR methods are far from being perfect 3 , it cannot be denied that there is a clear predominance of arbitration among traditional and alternative dispute resolution methods, in international contracts. The Institution of Arbitration has distinguished from other methods due to its flexible procedures, 4 It is effectiveness in reaching a solution, and the facility for enforcement 5 of the decisions that the arbitrators to a dispute reaches. 2 Julian M.; Mistelis, Loukas A. (2003). ‘Comparative International Commercial Arbitration’. Unites States: Kluwer Law International. Pag. 1-‐32 to 1-‐54 3 Brower, C.; Sharpe K. (2003). "The Coming Crisis in the Global Adjudication System. United States: Arbitration International. 4 Brower, C.; Sharpe K. (2003). "The Coming Crisis in the Global Adjudication System. United States: Arbitration International. 5 The most recognized International instrument in enforcement is the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards(1958), Hereinafter "New York" Convention. Another instrument of 71
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IV EdiciÃ³n Revista Derecho en Sociedad - Ulacit

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