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I .... o o N Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Iraqi leaders create court for war crimes Timeline for U~S.exit keyed t?. elections. Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Basm Ozeti . I RA K "', By Richard A. QpJ'el Jr. Falluja were hit in a "substäntï~irocketpropelled grenade ambush," said Staff and Patrick E. Tyler . Sergeant J.J.Johnson, a military spokes- BAGHDAD: Iraq's first postwar gov- man here. An unknown number of atemment moved Tuesday to create a tackers were killed, and there were no special war crimes court to try mem- U.S. casualties, Johnson said. bers of Saddam Hussein's regime. while IIi another attack, five Iraqis were the top civilian official in Iraq said U.S. killed, and another was captured, after' troops would depart as soon as the gov- insurgents ambushed American troops, emment ratified a new constitution and in Bradley fighting vehicles as they. held valid national elections. He did not drove out of an ammunition depot begive a timetable for elections. . tween Ramadi and Habbaniyah, Reu-: "The timing ofhow long the coalition ters reported. No soldiers were killed or stays here is effectively now in the wOunded. . hands of the Iraqi people," L" Paul Thirty-three American troops have Bremer 3rd, the American occupation died in insurgent attacks since May I, administrator in Iraq, said at a news when President George w. Bush deconference here. Bremer reiterated, cl8red the end to major military operathough, that American officials still had tions; while 49 soldiers have died from a daunting and overwhelming amount nonhostile mishaps, such as traffic acciof work ahead to "undo the enormous dents and accjdental weapon diseconomic damage" dam's regime. done under Sad- charges. Another 239 have been wounded in that time, a coalition official Bremer asserted that within weeks said. A typical day brings about a dozen Iràq's electricity system would be pro- attacks on troops across the country, the . ducing as much power nationwide as it official said, adding that troops are conwas before .the war, though he empha-tinuing to search for any evidence that sized that this would stillleave the na- the attacks are being coordinated at tion more than 30 percent short of elec- either a regional or nationallevel tricity demand, especially in the capital American officials are bracing for atwhere the power deficit is hurting ef- tacks on Wednesday and Thursday, the forts to restart industries, treat' the back-to-back anniversaries of July 16, massive flow of sewage into the Tigris 1979,the day Hussein took power, and River and provide power for other basic July 17,the anniversary of the coup that services. Bremer's comments Tuesday. afterbrought 1968. the Ba'ath Party to power in noon followed a fresh round of attacks As security continued to dominate on U.S. troops in the swath ofland west the concerns of Iraqis and the occupaof Baghdad that has seen most of the vi-. tion authority, the 25-member governoIent strikes against American forces in ing council affirmed that it would set recent weeks. In one attack, at 1:30a.m., up a special court to try senior memsoldiers in the 3rd In{antry Division in . bers of Hussein's ~overnment and seC\lrity services for war crimes, acts of genocide and crimes against humanity. The details of how to set up such a court, who would prosecute such crimes and who would defend those charged were left-to a committee that is . studying the matter. The session of the council Tuesday, held again behind closed doors in a building that is off limits to reporters and ordinary Iraqis, was again dominated by a discussion of reclaiming Iraq's seat at the United Nations for the new interim government. The council members summoned Sergio Vieira de Mello, special representative of UN Secretary- General Kofi Annan, and informed him of their plan to send a delegation to New York for the special session on Iraq onJuly22. The most outspoken council member on the need to claim Iraq's seat has been Ahmad Chalabi, leader of the Iraqi National Congress. He said in an interview that there was strong support on the council for claiming the seat as a means to strengthen the legitimacy of the first postwar government. Iraqi officials said de Mello informed the group that since Spain holds the presidency of the Security Council this month, he was certain that a request for a special session with the Iraqi delegation could be arranged, but that the question of where Iraqi sovereignty resides in the current transition would be up to the UN council's credentials committee. The UN council in May voted to recognize the American-British occupation of Iraq and called on the occupation powers to appoint an interim . administration. The governing council has been recognized as that interim body, but Western diplomats and some Iraqis believe that a sovereign Iraqi government will not emerge until elections under held. a new constitution . have been The New York TImes .'. Les limites de l'influence iranienne • Ce ne sont ni les armes de destruction massive, ni un soutien au terrorisme, ni la question des libertés en Iran qui peuvent expliquer la nouvelle crise qui est apparue entre nran et les Etats-Unis. En réalité, il existe deux causes à la dernière aggravation de cette crise. En premier lieu, la situation en Irak, où les Américains attendent plus de l'Iran qu'une simple "non-ingérence" : ils voudraient qu'il participe, sur le terrain, à la normalisation. En second lieu, il y a l'exacerbation de la question palestinienne, à laquelle l'administration Bush tient à trouver une solution à tout prix. Les Etats-Unis se rendent compte à quel point les Iraniens peuvent avoir une influence en Irak, d'abord en raison de la longueur de la frontière entre les deux pays, ensuite à cause du chevauchement social et confessionnel des deux peuples, enfin et surtout - au dire des Américains - par l'action systématique menée par certains appareils de l'Etat iranien, depuis 1980 et jusqu'à ce jour, pour assurer en Irak une présence iranienne profondément enracinée. Certains experts américains affirment que l'Iran mène en Irak une action comparable à celle qu'il avait entreprise au Liban dès le début des'années 80 et qui donna naissance au Hezbollah. Au-delà de l'aspect militaire, l'Iran s'était forgé une base populaire dans les milieux chiites libanais, grâce aux services sociaux assurés par des institutions iraniennes. Ces experts évoquent une "percée" humanitaire iranienne en Irak qui s'organise par le biais des services qu'offrent les institutions iraniennes, en même temps que sont organisés des groupes armés liés à Téhéran. En déclarant que les chiites irakiens étaient "rationnels' et que les attaques que subissaient les forces américaines en Irak étaient le fait des débris du régime déchu de Saddam Hussein, le président iranien, Mohammad Khatami, a voulu adresser aux Etats-Unis un message dont les termes seraient: "Imaginez quelle pourrait être la situation si les chiites irakiens, majoritaires dans le pays, décidaient de ne plus être rationnels et de s'attaquer militairement aux forces américaines !" Khatami a-t-il voulu insinuer que les pressions américaines à l'endroit de l'Iran pourraient pousser les chiites irakiens à abandonner toute rationalité? Toutefois, l'emprise iranienne a ses limites. Les chiites irakiens affirment à qui veut l'entendre qu'ils tiennent à leur indépendance et à leurs propres objectifs nationaux. Salem Mashkour, An Nahar (extralts)j Beyrouth I 30
Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro "Saddam,' on tape, denounces newleaders Voice urges revolt against governing council in Iraq By Neela Banerjee and Patrick E. Tyler ",f de la Prensa-Basm Özeti .BAGHDAD: An audiotape said to have been made by Saddam Hussein that denounces recent cooperation between the allied forces and Iraqi politicians was broadcast Thursday on the al-Arabiya satellite telèvision station. 'The broadcast occurred on a holiday marking the 1968 coup that brought Saddam's ruling Ba'ath Party to power.. The speaker on the five-minute tape urges Iraqis to rise up against the new governing council of Iraq, which was . brought. together this week after lengthy negotiations with the allied occupation authority. There was no way to independently verify that the voice on the tape was Saddam's, but Iraqis who have listened to him for years said they thought the tape was authentic. If allied intelligence sources confirm that the voice on the tape is Saddam's, the references to political events •this week indicate that it was newly recorded and that the former leader is alive. "What will they say to their people and to mankind?" the speaker on the tape says of the governing council. ."What will the chorus of lies say to those that backed them?" The tape emerged a day after the commander of American forces in the region, General John Abizaid, said that the last few weeks of daily attacks on United States troops in Iraq amounted to a guerrilla war, a term that until now, the occupying authority had been careful to avoid. The speaker on the tape calls for more such assaults and ambushes, which on average seem to take an American life a day. U.S. authorities have contended that remnants of the old regime, including Ba'ath Party loyalists, disgruntled military and intelligence personnel and the Fedayeen fighters, are mounting the attacks. '~ything issued by the occupation is to weaken Iraq," the speaker on the tape says about the governing council. The only solution, he says, "is a jihad to resist the occupation." . Karim S
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