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Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Basm Özeti July 19 when U.S. forces received a tip about the whereabouts of Uday and Qusay. At the time, the source was not regarded as reliable. (According to a senior U.S. military official, the informant failed a polygraph test.) But intelligence units soon picked up an electronic signal that suggested the possible presence of high-level resisters in the same location i~ Mosul that the source had identified. Just after they began investigating the tip, U.S. forces were approached by Nawaf aI-Zaydan Mohammed, a Mosul businessman who told them the brothers were staying at his house. The Americans told him to go back to the house, act normally and wait for U.S. troops to arrive. In the meantime the U.S. needed another day to study aerial reconnaissance photographs of the neighborhood, cordon it off and get Task Force 20 in place. The savagery of the fight that followed matched the way the brothers had led their lives. Armed with little more than AK-47s, the brothers, Qusay's son Mustafa and a bodyguard repulsed U.S. assault troops four times before the order came to fire an antitank missile into each window of the house. According to a commander with the 4th Infantry Division, Udaywas still alive when a Delta Force commando stormed the bathroom where the brothers had barricaded themselves. Following Delta Force's standard procedure, the soldier immediately pumped two bullets into Uday's mouth, to ensure his death. The resulting injuries 'T'H E R,E' S ST' AN C E . " . . -, , AMONGTHE REBELS M , By SIMON RO~INS,QN' 'ohammed IrJ;Iad '. Si3ddam,",usseinto quell the Khaialalrùbai does not ' , attacks àgainst American ' appear iii anY-deckof, soldiers. But as Mohammed's , ,cards or on any list of ' " ~tory illustrates, resistance to , , ,Iraq's !TIostwanted. Unti11ast . the U.S.occupation of Iraq gc:>es week, the 1~-yèàr-old wl!lsan ' beyond loyal remnants of the ordinary studentin an affluent old:regime. The'non-Baathist' suburbo( Baghdad. But ittook ' components of the opposition cmlymÜiutesto tr3nsfQrm hiin' , incl4de nationalists, tribalists, , . trama bystiuiderto Amencan ' and ordinary citizens offended .'ruie i1iIraq toa wiiling reèruit (or bythearmeâ presence affor- ' the resistanc~ movement, ' .eigners ànd especially bythe 'i ,vowingto kill U:S.'soldiers. As he ocè~piers' perceived power :l and his brother laid drove home abuses. 9ther resisters include ~ ,after collecting theirfamily's , ném-IràqiArabs, possiblyjihadis ' ~ monthly ratiolls offlour, rice and who havetraveled to Iraq to ,',~ ,cookingoil"they came upona . ,takeori the 'u.S., as well as . . ..~ . ,hastily estäblished Àmenpan " ,fundamentalist Shi'iles. "'~ , checkpoint" part.of an outer , Whiletaking Saddamdown ' . . security cordon,thrown up , maydemoralizehisfollowers; it 'during a raId on a'lleighbor'S " would not necessarilydullthe house. The boyswerfH;udg!ng , "arigèr ofthese other parties. ; their white seda'; throùih a Infact, manyIraqisbelieveit crowd of onlookérs when sud-' " ' .would provokethem to stronger , , denly,accordingto Witnésses,. action: "sàddam's beingcaught soldiersinahumvee150yds. : 'orkilledisn'tgoOdforthe ' awayopened up, firing high- : Americans," saysMaroufSami .velocity rounds ~roUgh the Noori,brother-in~lawof fugitive' windsl)ield ofthè boys' car.. ;, TahàYassinRamadan,Saddam's ,, " Whenthe firingstopped, laid,' vice President."Thereare many , '13, ojiened 'a door andstUèk' , peoplewhowould like to fight ' , his héad oùtto shake offthè- - agàinstthe Americans,but ifth~y " 'shattered gJasS.At that point, fightriow, they'll beconsidered .. 'Mohammed says; a sin~e ' ,Saddam'speople.Sothe resist-", , '" ,AmericanbuJletkilledhim. "MYanœwillbestrongerifSaddamis' ' ,\ brother's blood will not go for capwred'or killed." ,' :nothing,"Mohammedscreamedin 'The most pervasivethreat ,anguishtwo dayslater;hiswounds emergesfrom a fierce ',fromthe sh~ngstill swathed in nationalismand a deep-rooted bandages;"I'll take revenge:on' . tribalinstinct that interpret everY th'oseAmeriéarisonsofb ' . . U.S.searchorarrestasaninsult. , "For months now,U~S.officials Thatfeeling is perhapsstrongest '" ' have banked on the,capture of , .. in'Fallujahand Ramadi,cities . ,weStof Ba~dad whereSomeof ,'. 'will seekrevengeif Ia;n insulted." the most deadlyattac~ èn Thatsentiment is . AmE!ricantroops ha,vecome.- spreading. ,Afterthe l3aghdad TheSeèitiesfall withinthe so- raid that left laid Khàzalalrubai , calledSunnitriangle,whereU.S, arid four bystanderS:dead, officialsbelieveSaddamandmost tribal leaders from around the of hisfollowersare hiding.But , country descended on the . , localsdenythat the attackshave home of Ra~ ,Mohammed anyconnectionwithSaddam.. aFHabib, a prominent tribal ' "Wehave no relation prince whose house was the whatsoeverwiththeoldregjme., .' targetofthe raid. (U.S.forces Most of uswère imprisorièd and' '. mistakenly thoùght Saddam humiliated in Saddam's time," might be therè.) Thevisitors says Fallujah'sAbu Bilai al; , offered /1élp,ili organizing Fallujah,whosecousinlaunched retaliatory attacks against at leasttwo attacksonAmerican ,Americantroops.:"My people convoysbeforehewas killedinan" are aSking'What action should explosion at the city's central we take?'" says al"Habib. "I'm mosque in June. "Theproblems .trying to calm them down. I;m started with the waythe telling them that the Americans , AmericansignoredourideaSand ,. are probably desperate. But I customs.Theyhumiliatedus;they" cannot control the feeling of '. occupiedourmOsque.Ofcourse,I, ,mypeopleatthemoment.'~ 78
Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Baszn Özeti prompted speculation that Uday had committed suicide. Mustafa, 14, was the last to fall, firing from under a bed until he was shot dead. The U.S. is using intelligence picked. up during the fire fight and in subs~quent searches of the hideout to ratchet up the pressure on Saddam loyalists. According to a Pentagon official in Iraq, American forces searching the house found a list of payments made to family contacts throughout the country after the regime fell. The value of that information may overshadow the strategic importance of eliminating Uday and Qusay. What's more, during the sixhour shoot-out, the brothers were constantly on the phone, making panicked calls to friends and supporters, providing a windfall for the U.S., which had the house under full electronic surveillance. The military used the intercepted calls to track down and arrest family associates with knowledge of Saddam's movements, according to a senior U.S. military official. Some American officials interpret the fact that the brothers were found together as a sign of their desperation. The brothers' original strategy, the military believes, was to elude U.S. forces by hiding separately. Saddam disappeared so effortlessly in the days following the fall of Baghdad that U.S. officials have come to believe he plotted the escape months in advance, choosing safe houses and dispensing supplies and money to his most trusted henchmenand offering rich bounties for dead Ameri- ,. OJ A second threat to U.S. forces carnes from volunteer fighters crossing into Iraq from Iran, Syria and Saudi Arabia. "For those terrorist groups that' have clearly stated they are going to conduct operations againstthe U.S., this is the place to come," said Lieut.' General Ricardo Sanchez, commander of coalition ground forces in Iraq. Their entry is hard to prevent. "The borders are big and porous," notes a senior U.S. intelligence official. "Ifwe had any ability to monitor the influx, they wouldn't be in there." U.S. . officials say they can't estimate the strength of such fighters. "We don't have the ability to monitor that," says the senior inteliigence official. "We do~'t have regular numbers." But foreigners certainly have been amongthose killed.in military raids. U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz, testifying before Congress last week, referred to a recent raid. in western Iraq in which Egyptian, Sudanese and Syrian passports were found on the bodies of dead fighters. American commanders also worry about the possible dangers posed by a new "army" being mobilized by renegade religious leader Muqtada al-Sadr, son ofthe late Mohammed Sadiq al-Sadr, who .is revered by Iraq's Shi'ites for his struggle against Saddam. Two weeks ago at Friday prayers, al-Sadr declared his opposition to the Americanappointed governing council and the American occupation and announced the formation of a "peaëeful" army to defend Iraqi dignity, cùlture and sovereignty. He has since softened his rhetoric, saying the force will be armed only with "faith" and that it will restrict itself to public works. AI-Sadr's grands~anding is partly politics; he is trYing to . . strengthen his position among Shi'ite leaders. But few doubt . his pulling power-hundreds of thousands regularly attend his sermons-or dismiss the implied threat of an Iranian-' style Islamic uprising. As they struggle with myriad threats, U.S~officials must tread the impossibly fine line between eliminating enemies and creating new ones. In Tarmiyah, a town north of Baghdad, locals say American heavyhandedness has provoked them to take potshots at the U.S. convoys that regularly travel a nearby highway. "Our people )()ved the Americans as a"people, even before the war, but now they . do not, " says an elder who declines to give his name. "The resistance does exist, but it's not to protect Saddam or avenge Uday and Qusay. The resistance 'belongs to the community." A community that's hard to fit on just one' deck of cards. -Reported by Hassan Fattah and Vivienne Walfl Baghdad, Massimo Calabresil Washington and Michael Warel Tarmiyah 79
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