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تيًرظنلا روطت ددصب ةيجولوتم سبلإا تكلاشلما تيًرظنلل لىلالدا روصتلا لهاجتي . اهرايتخاو ةـجهول ًاـقبط . ’ تيًرـظنلل لةـثمالما نـم روـصتلا ‘ انه ايهلع انقلطأ دقلف لةيدبلا رظنلا ةجهو امأ وأ ةيـضاترفا جذاـنم نـم ًيًرهوـج نوـكتتو ، ًاـييخرتا يرـغتت تنااـيك تيًرـظنلا نإف هذه رظنلا تاـيطعلما جذاـنمو ةيرظنلا جذنمالاف . لىوأ ونح لع ةيروص ةقسنأ نوكت لاو ، عقاولل تلاثتمام همو ، تلاـثمالما نـم ةـبكرم تكاب ـش فى ضعبـلا مهـضعبب نوـقلعتي ءلاؤـه كل ىعقاوـلا لماـعلاو مدـقت . ةدـيدج جذاـنم ناروـط ماـكلو ةدـيدج تاـيطعم لـع انلـصتح ماـكل رارتم ـسبا نوروـحتي قـيرط نـع لكذو ةيرظنلا تاروصتلل ةيفصو ًادودح ةقولألما ثادحلأاو تناايكلا عم تلاثمالما تاجاتنت سالاو ، تيًرظنلا لخاد تاجاتنت سالا . ةغللا فى زالا مادخت سلا ةبهاشم تايلعم نـم ثركأ لةثمالما نم تاجاتنت سا نوكشي ءلاؤه كل ، تاؤبنتلاو ، تايطعلما لىإ ةيرظنلا نم ’ ةـعيبطلا لةثاـمم‘ أدبم ؛ وهو لاأ ىقييزفاتيم أدبم للاخ نم اهريبرت تمحتي ، ةيوضق تاجاتنت سا ينناوـقلا‘ وأ ’ ةيعيبطلا عاونلأا‘ نع ةداتعلما تاضاترفالا نم ًافعض ثركأ دعي ىما أدبلما وهو ، دـجوي دـق ’ لةثمالما‘ نع بعصلا روصتلل بسانلما ىفسلفلا جذونملا نأب تحترقا دقلو . ’ ةيكلا . ةـيزاوتلما عيزوتلا تايلعم ليبق نم ىعانطصالا لمعتلا مظن فى عجارملا Black, M., 1962: Models and Metaphors (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press). Campbell, N.R., 1920: Physics, the Elements (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: subsequently published as Foundations of Science (New York: Dover Publication, Inc., 1957). AL-MUKHATABAT Numéro 03 Année 01/2012 لىولأا ةن سلا 30 ددعلا تابطانا 91 ISSN: 1737-6432
Cartwright, N., 1983: How the Laws of Physics Lie (Oxford: Clarendon Press: New York: Oxford University Press). Churchland, P.M., 1989: A Neurocomputational Perspective, the Nature of Mind and the Structure of Science (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press). Giere, R.N., 1988: Explaining Science, a Cognitive Approach (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press). Gooding, D., 1990: Experiment and the Making of Meaning (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers). Harré, R., 1986: Varieties of Realism (Oxford: Blackwell). Hesse, M. B., 1966: Models and Analogies in Science (Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press). -------, 1974: The Structure of Scientific Inference (London: Macmillan). -------, 1988: Theories, family resemblances and analogy, In Analogical Reasoning, ed. D. H. Helman (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers), 317-40. Putnam, H., 1963: "Degree of confirmation" and inductive logic, In: The Philosophy of Rudolph Carnap, ed. P. A. Schilpp (La Salle, IL: Open Court: London: Cambridge University Press), pp. 761-83. Suppe, F. 1989: The Semantic Conception of Theories and Scientific Realism (Urbana, IL., and Chicago: University of Illinois Press). Suppes, P. 1960: A comparison of the meaning and uses of models in mathematics and the empirical science, Synthese, 12, 287-301. Van Fraassen, B. C., 1980: The Scientific Image (Oxford: Oxford University Press). -----------------, 1989: Laws and Symmetry (Oxford: Clarendon Press). : ةلاقملا ىف ةيزيلجنلإا تاحلطصملا مهلأ ىبرعلا لباقملا AL-MUKHATABAT Numéro 03 Année 01/2012 لىولأا ةن سلا 30 ددعلا تابطانا 92 ISSN: 1737-6432
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AL-MUKHATABAT تابطاخملا LO
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Editorial Board ةيملعلا ةئ
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Jean-Michel Salanskis (Université
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Table des matières سرهف Table
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PRESENTATION Ce troisième Numéro
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نم هريثت امو جذومنل
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مظعم قافتا غمرو . رو
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) كلاشتلا ةقلاع : 1 ك
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يعادبلإا سكعلا جات
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ةيبسنلا في ينت شنيأ
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هفصوب جذونملا حرط ل
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ةجاح في ان سلف - ًلا
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: لمعلا في ليثتملاو
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لةصلا ةقيثو ةيلعم ت
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دـقو ،ةيروـص تابها
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عضولا في . حاتفمو ةي
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تابهاشتلا« هيمسن ن
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دحأ بصم دنع ةقرزلل
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اًبجوم نوكي نأ امإ
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: ةيلاتلا تاوطنا ءا
Page 41 and 42: ينتوطقن ينتنص ينب ر
Page 43 and 44: : بلاسلا ليثتملا - ز
Page 45 and 46: ) رخلآا نم قيضأ ماهد
Page 47 and 48: ام برقأ وه جذونم لى
Page 49 and 50: وه هيرسفت دارلما ثد
Page 51 and 52: طاقن فاشتكلا لةوان
Page 53 and 54: . اهروطت لحارم برع ة
Page 55 and 56: : بيقعت ةركفل ماع طي
Page 57 and 58: لـمعت تيـلا ةيـضيً
Page 59 and 60: Sur le plan éthique, les morales p
Page 61 and 62: Au niveau anatomique, nous avons d
Page 63 and 64: Conséquences éthiques La plupart
Page 65 and 66: Si on combine leurs remarquables tr
Page 67 and 68: Le langage enfin. Quand nous pronon
Page 69 and 70: A C D B E Figure 1 - Principes de l
Page 71 and 72: Figure 2 - Evolution embryonnaire d
Page 73 and 74: Robert, S., Chapouthier, G. (2006a)
Page 75 and 76: ةيكي سكلالا ءيًيزف
Page 77 and 78: ةيندعم تاماعدو ةنو
Page 79 and 80: طاقنلا جذونم نأ ؛ ل
Page 81 and 82: جذانم دعت تىلا ةي س
Page 83 and 84: . ةيرظنلا ءانبو ةعي
Page 85 and 86: ةيرظنلا تباراقلم ة
Page 87 and 88: ةـغلب اـتهاذ ةـصقل
Page 89 and 90: تيًرظنلل لةثمالما
Page 91: جذـنمت اـنهأ فى نكم
Page 95 and 96: Idealization . ةلثمأ = Idealiz
Page 97 and 98: À la fin du XI° siècle, le math
Page 99 and 100: Malencontreusement, cette catégori
Page 101 and 102: i. Méthode algorithmique La premi
Page 103 and 104: l’avons symbolisée avec des lett
Page 105 and 106: leur point d’intersection, l’ab
Page 107 and 108: Or D est l’intersection de la par
Page 109 and 110: On a donc au total : Plus général
Page 111 and 112: DOMAIN LIMITS FOR MODELS? MODELING
Page 113 and 114: Only in the last two decades, Philo
Page 115 and 116: This means that the statistical mod
Page 117 and 118: Due to these two basic features of
Page 119 and 120: multiple levels view of nature (mat
Page 121 and 122: The Classical Mechanistic Model Mod
Page 123 and 124: whereas the phenomenon of wave/part
Page 125 and 126: The main problems that confronted t
Page 127 and 128: animals, and human beings. This lea
Page 129 and 130: might call something a disposition
Page 131 and 132: VII. A Bridging Non-reductive Model
Page 133 and 134: - The final constituents are energy
Page 135 and 136: Quite often, different branches of
Page 137 and 138: However, if we move forward to disc
Page 139 and 140: VIII. Conclusion In this paper we a
Page 141 and 142: Cooper, David. 1996, "World Philoso
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A LA RECHERCHE D’UN MODELE DE L
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philosophie actuelle de l’esprit
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On retrouve au Moyen-Âge cette id
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pouvaient être localisées 139 . C
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évolué jusqu’à la cognition mo
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découverte en 1956, Chomsky a prop
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se complétant, qui ont réfléchi
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Il est certain que ces hypothèses
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déjà en face du problème de la s
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1.0 Introduction The symbolic relat
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attention to its semiotic aspect. 1
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3.1 The Iconic Role of Models and S
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mechanism of normal science. These
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psychological archetypes. This rela
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The result of this recognition is t
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those who think like them, the disl
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century. In the event of such a cla
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Rouse, Joseph. 2003. Kuhn's Philoso
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two immiscible liquids, this is wha
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hypothétique de l'interprétation
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Evidemment les modernes n'ont pas a
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mathématiques. Il suffit que l'alg
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moderne de fortuit (à condition de
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figée utilisant des notions savant
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Dans les sciences empiriques (scien
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construits. Poincaré 205 a, par ex
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chaleur (comme le souligne Auguste
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Résumé " عقاولاو جذون
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اقلاطإ لمعلا ةيعقا
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نيبلما ءشيلا ّ هنإ -
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لّثتملاو جذونملا ك
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جذونملا موهفم لوح ت
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كلاشتلاو جذونملا ي
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ما ّنهأ لكذ نىعم نك
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فرع في ىّمسُي يماو
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ةب سنلبا زالا هنوكي
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لةّثتملماو ... اتهأش
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ركفـلل لئاهلا حـتـ
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كاذ وأ ليلما اذبه ع
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J.Ladriare : Encyclopédie Universa
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subject to it? Is modeling a sort o
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Beaucoup sont allé jusqu’à n’
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Dictionary of The History of scienc
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considéré comme la marque distinc
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de complexité que doit se situer l
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Cherruault, Y., 1998, Modèles et m
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Orange, C., 1997], Problèmes et mo
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Résumé 251 جذنمالا ةّي
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تاظوفلم ينب ةقلاعل
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. لةلالدا ةيحنا نم ن
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) جأ( ـل ةيرما تاظوف
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oppositions - elles prennent corps
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entérinent ainsi le renoncement de
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compter avec eux, mieux vaut les av
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effectives. C’est, ici, une réac
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prétendument scientifique : une ar
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structuralist approach of Lévi-Str
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entretiens nous a été aimablement
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qui constitue le plat principal : 4
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analogies soft 288 . Il est vrai qu
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works in this tradition, Badiou’s
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son éloge aux foulards: « Je peux
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Trotsky avant son assassinat et rej
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Suivant la légende, le développem
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Ce n’est pas ce genre de viennois
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chambre d’une âme en peine. De l
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l’usine est une réalisation des
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mathématique qui elle seule bien e
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Le top modèle est modèle pour la
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concept les achève tout en commen
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d’approximatif, d’inexact ou de
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X LE MODÈLE STRUTURALISTE La criti
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primauté au faits 301 , de juger l
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Il est vrai que ni les études de L
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Dans le chapitre 5 l’attaque cont
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La dualité syntaxe/sémantique a
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même en logique. Seul Alonzo Churc
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théorie exprimable sous forme d’
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Un phénomène à ne pas confondre
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Mais revenons à notre méchoui : l
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Il y a il est vrai des structures q
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G. Birkhoff, “Universal algebra
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C.Rosset, En ce temps-là. Notes su
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AL-MUKHATABAT Numéro 03 Année 01/
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