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1. nawilaki, romelic orive funqcias iTavsebs (saTanado<br />
konteqstis gaTvaliswinebiT xan verbalur wyaros<br />
gamoxatavs da xan _ inferenciuls), mxolod erTia: esnрr /<br />
esnрr{i} „Turme“: a) esnрr lрdi Sæрns Sdue _ „Turme dRes<br />
svaneTSi Tovs“ _ informaciis wyaro gareSea, verbalobaa,<br />
Tumca mTqmeli mas ar akonkretebs _ es wyaro SeiZleba<br />
iyos impersonaluri piri, xmebi xalxSi, masmedia... b) esnрr<br />
ala qors рri! _ „Turme es saxlSia!“ _ mTqmelma sarkmelSi<br />
Suqi an saxlTan manqana dainaxa da faqtis ganzogadebiT<br />
logikur daskvnamde mivida _ informaciis wyaro am SemTxvevaSi<br />
inferenciaa.<br />
2. sakuTriv inferenciulobis gamomxatveli damxmare<br />
leqsemebi (romlebic verbalobas arasdros gamoxataven)<br />
enaSi ufro mravladaa; agebulebis mixedviT SeiZleba gamoiyos<br />
sami tipi:<br />
a) sakuTriv nawilakebi, romelTa segmentacia ar xerxdeba<br />
da etimologia ucnobia (mérës „albaT; rogorc<br />
Cans“; níTaæ „vinZlo“...);<br />
b) sinTezuri leqsemebi, romlebSic Semadgeneli komponentebis<br />
dadgena SesaZlebelia (maæSli < *mр-Sæ li „albaT;<br />
rogorc Cans“; serTxi < ser-d-xi „vaiTu“...), Tumca isini<br />
ar warmoadgenen am komponentTa mniSvnelobebis martiv<br />
jams;<br />
g) nazmnari damxmare sityvebi (рnRæli „vgoneb“, mabJa<br />
„mgoni“ / „mimaCnia“ /„Cemi azriT“...).<br />
3. inferenciuli leqsemebis gamoyeneba zmnis mwkrivebTan<br />
Tavisufali rodia. maTi garkveuli nawili mxolod<br />
indikatiur formebs uTavsdeba, zogi ki, piriqiT, mxolod<br />
zmnis sakuTriv inferenciul mwkrivebs (inferenciuli awmyo<br />
_ resp. myofadusruli, ZiriTadpreverbiani sruli myofadi,<br />
pirobiTi, pirobiT-SedegobiTi I da II), iSviaTad _<br />
kavSirebiTebs iguebs; es movlena, erTi mxriv, inferenciis,<br />
236<br />
rogorc semantikuri da gramatikuli kategoriis, Camoyalibebis<br />
da, meore mxriv, Tavad inferenciuli leqsemebis<br />
warmoSobis etapebs, qronologias unda ukavSirdebodes,<br />
rac umwerlobo enaSi Zneli dasadgenia;<br />
mas Semdeg, rac saliteraturo enam zogierTi mwkrivis<br />
(ZiriTadad xolmeobiTisa da perfeqtuli droebis)<br />
funqciuri gamoyenebiT, aseve sintaqsurad (sxvaTa sityva)<br />
evidencialobas gza gauxsna, umwerlobo enam gramatikulad<br />
kidev ufro srulad ganaviTara es kategoria _ Camoyalibda<br />
perfeqtuli inferenciuli (epistemikuri<br />
modalobis) formebic _ pirobiT-SedegobiTebi, risTvisac<br />
monacemi, savaraudod, ukve arsebobda inferenciuli awmyos<br />
(resp. myofadusrulis) saxiT, romelic, Cveni azriT, enis<br />
ganviTarebis adreul (preverbis gaCenamde) stadias ganekuTvneba.<br />
Aam mwkrivis (inferenciuli awmyos) calsaxad<br />
epistemikuri semantika metyvelebs imaze, rom is neitraluri<br />
awmyos opoziciaa; ufro metic, inferenciuli forma moepovebaT<br />
statikur zmnebsac: xoira („uweria is mas, misTvis<br />
aris dawerili“) _ xë/eОri („albaT uweria is mas“), xaxtaæa<br />
(„axatia“) _ xextрæi (albaT axatia”), xag („adgas“) _ xegni<br />
(„albaT adgas“); xatæra („anTia“) _ xetæri („albaT anTia“);<br />
es movlena SeniSnuli aqvs g. maWavriansac: „gamoricxuli<br />
ar aris SesaZlebloba, usruli myofadis formebi svanur-<br />
Si Tavdapirvelad statikur zmnebs ganeviTarebinaT, xolo<br />
Semdeg maTi analogiiT _ dinamikur zmnebsac“ (maWavariani<br />
1974:139); rac Seexeba dinamikur zmnebSi epistemikuri mniSvnelobis<br />
formebs, Cven mier evidencialobis afiqsad miCneuli<br />
Vn’s arqaulobas mkvlevaric varaudobs: „safiqrebelia,<br />
-un || -in sufiqsebi (-in< -en) warmoSobiT awmyos fuZis<br />
sawarmoebeli formantebi iyvnen. kauzativis -un || -en (> -in)<br />
sufiqsebic amave warmoSobisa Canan“ (maWavariani, iqve). Ees<br />
Teoria amyarebs Cvens mosazrebas imis Sesaxeb, rom aRniSnuli<br />
afiqsi arqaulia da funqciaTa mixedviT gadanawilda<br />
uZveles droSi; enis ganviTarebis adreul safexurzeve mi-<br />
237