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108 The Legacy of Abandoned Mines ALJUSTREL EFLUENTES (tratamento passivo de águas contaminadas) Quanto a Aljustrel, encontra-se em implantação um sistema análogo ao do Lousal pela adopção de um conjunto de pantanais piloto que se desenvolve ao longo de 1 hectare. Este sistema irá receber as águas provenientes das escorrências dos revestimentos de selagem das escombreiras que lhe ficam a montante, bem como as águas que percolam através de áreas de “safrão”, simbolicamente mantidas como representativas do ambiente mineiro associado ao local. Estes pantanais piloto, por sua vez, alimentarão outra série de pantanais implantados a jusante e a cota mais baixa, de modo a que neles possam afluir águas de exsurgência que venham a percolar através dos resíduos da actividade mineira depositados ao longo do tempo. Nesta área mineira, para além dos canais de águas limpas, na sua maioria já concretizados, adoptam-se complementarmente dois níveis de recolha de águas para tratamento passivo. Um a uma cota mais elevada, que tratará a mistura de águas com pH inferior a 4,5 e, outro, a cota mais reduzida que recebendo águas com pH inferior a 3, beneficiará da correcção dos efluentes provenientes do primeiro. 1 Galeria com águas ácidas de pH inferior a 2. 2 Exsurgência com pH inferior a 2. 1 Gallery with acid waters with pH lower than 2. 1 2 Seepage with pH lower than 2. 2 ALJUSTREL EFFLUENTS (passive treatment of contaminated waters) As to Aljustrel, a similar system to that of Lousal is being installed through the adoption of a number of pilot wetlands developed in an area of 1 hectare. This system will receive the run-off waters from the coverings of the waste dumps located upstream, as well as the waters that percolate through the stockwork areas symbolically kept as representing the mining environment associated to the location. These pilot wetlands, in their turn, will feed another series of installed wetlands located downstream, and at a lower level, in order that those can also receive waters percolating from higher levels through residues from mining operations deposited throughout the ages. In this mining area, in addition to clean water channels, most of which already completed, two levels were adopted as a complement for the collection of water for passive treatment. One, with a higher elevation, which will treat waters with a pH value lower than 4.5 and the other, receiving waters with a pH value lower than 3, will benefit from the correction of the effluents coming from the first.
A Herança das Minas Abandonadas 109 1 Ribeira de Água Forte com pH inferior a 3 2 Deposição de sulfatos de cobre na cementação (Aljustrel) 3 Construção de bacias de evaporação e pantanais piloto 4 Bacias de evaporação com pH inferior a 3 1 Água Forte Stream with pH lower than 3 2 Deposition of copper sulphates in cementation (Aljustrel) 3 Evaporation impermeable basins 4 Evaporation basins with pH lower than 3 1 2 3 4
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A HERANÇA DAS MINAS ABANDONADAS A
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The “Legacy of the Abandoned Mine
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Page 59 and 60: A SITUAÇÃO EM PORTUGAL O MODELO A
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REFLEXÕES REFLECTIONS A Herança d
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NOTES 1. The Post-Mining Alliance i
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