buradan - Yangın

TÜYAK BİLDİRİLER KİTABI
2009 PROCEEDINGS BOOK
Andrea BENVENUTI
Peerless Pump Company
2
TÜYAK 2009
THE IMPORTANCE OF THIRD PARTY CERTIFICATIONS
ON FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT
Abstract
Every one of us has somehow the fear of a fire going on, the reason
is within our instinct that forces us to try to escape when we face
a dangerous situation. As any of the natural forces (the ancients
were naming four essences: water, air, earth and fire) it happens in
some occasions that human power does not suffice to keep them
under control, and fire is definitively one of these forces. In the
modern civilization we have experienced huge dramas, as I write
the images of the Tunnel du Mont Blanc between France and Italy
burning are passing throughout my mind. It was the 24th of March
1999 when a track burnt in the middle of it and many others where
blocked in it and lost their lives. As modernity advances, the public
opinion is more and more focused on the prevention rather then
the handling of the damages – the spring that moves the system
is both ethic and of interest, mostly economic. Many studies
have demonstrated that the finances spent to fix the damages of
a predictable accident are in the most of the cases higher then
investments to reduce the “risk” of the accident. This statement
is valid for earthquakes, tornados and many other “predictable”
unpleasant events including fire.
What does make the difference on products against such
happenings? Reliability!! And who does give evidence of the
reliability? A third party, someone who is above any influenced
judgment, someone super partes.
Yangın Söndürme Ekipmanları İçin Üçüncü Şahıs
Sertifikasyonlarının Önemi
Özet
Hepimiz, bir şekilde yangın çıkmasından korkarız, bunun sebebi,
tehlikeli bir durum karşısında kaçma içgüdümüzün olmasıdır.
Diğer tüm doğal güçlerde olduğu gibi (eski insanlar dört element
belirtmişlerdir: su, hava, toprak ve ateş), insan gücünün doğal
güçleri kontrol altına alamayacağı durumlar söz konusudur ve
ateş kesinlikle bunlardan bir tanesidir. Modern medeniyetlerde,
ciddi dramlar yaşanmıştır, bu yazıyı yazarken, Fransa ve İtalya
arasında bulunan Mont Blanc tünelinin yanarkenki görüntüleri
aklımda belirdi. 24 Mart 1999’da tünelin tam ortasında bir kamyon
yanmış, pek çok kişi tünel içerisinde mahsur kalıp hayatını
yitirmişti. Modernizm ilerledikçe, kamuoyu giderek artan bir şekilde
hasarların telafisi yerine önlenmesi üzerine odaklanmaktadır
– sistemi harekete geçiren mekanizma etik olmakla birlikte aynı
zamanda da ekonomiktir. Yapılan pek çok çalışma, olası bir
kazanın hasarlarını telafi etmek için harcanan miktarların, çoğu
durumda, kazanın riskini azaltmak için yapılan yatırımdan daha
yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu tespit, depremler, fırtınalar
ve yangın dahil olmak üzere diğer “tahmin edilebilir” istenmeyen
olaylar için geçerlidir.
Bu tür olaylara karşı ürünler arasında fark yaratan şey nedir peki?
Güvenilirlik!! Peki, güvenilirlik garantisini kim sunar? Her türlü
dış etkiden uzak ve objektif değerlendirme yapabilen bir üçüncü
şahıs.
1. Causes Of A Fire
Fires are the fifth leading unintentional cause of injury and death
in the United States, behind motor vehicle crashes, falls, poisoning
by solids or liquids, and drowning. Accidental fires have hundreds
of possible causes and involve multiple factors and circumstances.
The most important reason for investigating and determining the
causes of accidental fires is to prevent future fires. To reduce the
numbers of fires, efforts must concentrate on the most frequent
causes and those involving the greatest risk of death, injury, and
property damage. Depending the location of the fire there are
different rankings of causes; in private homes of civilized countries
for example, a common denominator is the electrical system of
houses and electric houseware, most of the times scores high a
bad utilization of the centralized gas distribution network, cigarettes
and heating equipments.
2. Tools To Reduce The Risk Of Property Loss, Injury
And Death.
Fire fighting equipment could be basically divided into two
categories:
Active equipments;
Passive equipments.
The Active equipments are to be intended the ones that are acting
to extinguish (or at least reduce) the fire, the Passive ones are
generally defensive the structural tools such as doors, walls that
could resist against the temperature raise.
Our focus today is towards the active tools. To fight a fire we need
to break what in known as the fire triangle, which is the sum of the
three essential factors that allow a fire to go on:
w Combustive;
w Combustive agent;
w Temperature (needs to be higher to the ignition temperature of
the combustive).