Exploring patient participation in reducing health-care-related safety risks

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Exploring patient participation in reducing health-care-related safety risks 44 Recommendation 1 – Educate patients on hand hygiene Appropriate patient information can play an important part in the process of active patient engagement in hand hygiene implementation. Development and extension of patients’ education on hand hygiene, patient safety and reduction of HAI are key interventions that can be achieved through training and education programmes. Preparation and distribution of materials to raise hand hygiene awareness supports these interventions. Recommendation 2 – Educate HCWs on patient involvement in safe care The survey shows that patients are much more likely to ask about hand hygiene if explicitly invited to do so, highlighting the need for full HCW support for the process. Patient participation in hand hygiene could be further enhanced through HCWs’ education, focusing on promotion and advocacy for patient participation in safe care and using explicit invitations from HCWs as guidance. Recommendation 3 – Stimulate cultural change among the general public and medical profession Many institutions score “inadequate” for patient participation in the self-assessment tool, showing that the culture of safety is not fully implemented in hospitals. Identified links between age, profession and beliefs, and the perception of patients’ direct involvement in reducing HAIs provide additional evidence for the necessary cultural change for the general public (safety and quality expectations) and medical profession to enhance health care provider and patient dialogue at hospital level. Recommendation 4 – Monitor progress and provide evidence The study described in this chapter should be extended to other health care facilities to validate the data on a wider national scale and promote their further use in informing related decision-making mechanisms. Dedicated indicators should be used to monitor progress and ensure that planned actions are implemented and patient engagement in wide-scale hand hygiene compliance is ensured and effective. References 1. Patient safety – making it happen! Luxembourg Declaration on Patient Safety, 5 April 2005. Luxembourg, European Commission Directorate-General for Health and Consumer Protection, 2005 (http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_overview/Documents/ ev_20050405_rd01_en.pdf, accessed 1 May 2012). 2. Healthcare-associated infections [web site]. Stockholm, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2012 (http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/ Healthcare-associated_infections/Pages/index.aspx, accessed 29 June 2012). 3. European Council recommendation on patient safety, including the prevention and control of healthcare associated infections. Brussels, Council of the European Union, 2009 (http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_systems/docs/patient_rec2009_en.pdf, accessed 1 May 2012). 4. Vatcheva-Dobrevska R. Patient safety: indicator for healthcare quality. Forum Medicus, 2008, 5. 5. Rutschmann C. Prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in Bulgarian hospitals (2006–2007) [thesis]. Basel, Universitäten Basel, Bern und Zürich, 2010 (https:// intern.public-health-edu.ch/abstract/RC_12.01.10.pdf, accessed 1 May 2012).
Patient participation in hand hygiene in Bulgarian health care 6. Voynova V et al. Nosocomial infections in Bulgaria: national prevalence survey, 2006. Nosocomial Infections, 2007, 1:25–35. 7. Vatcheva-Dobrevska R et al. Overall incidence of healthcare associated infections (HAI) in Bulgaria 2007–2009.Information Journal NCIPD, 2010, 2:4–26. 8. Pittet D et al. ‘Clean care is safer care’: the Global Patient Safety Challenge 2005–2006. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2006, 10(6):419–424. 9. Allegranzi B et al. The first global patient safety challenge ‘Clean care is safer care’: from launch to current progress and achievements. The Journal of Hospital Infection, 2007, 65(Suppl. 2):115–123. 10. Save lives: clean your hands [web site]. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2013 (http://www.who.int/gpsc/5may/en/, accessed 10 January 2013). 11. Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the application of Biology and Medicine: Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine. Oviedo, Council of Europe, 1997 (http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/ en/Treaties/Html/164.htm, accessed 1 May 2012). 12. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on patient safety, including the prevention and control of healthcare associated infections. Brussels, European Commission, 2008 (http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_systems/ docs/patient_com2008_en.pdf, accessed 1 May 2012). 13. World Alliance for Patient Safety [web site]. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2004 (http://www.who.int/patientsafety/worldalliance/en/, accessed 27 September 2008). 14. WHO guidelines on hand hygiene in health care. First global patient safety challenge: clean care is safer care. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2009 (http://whqlibdoc. who.int/publications/2009/9789241597906_eng.pdf, accessed 1 May 2012). 15. Jordanova SV et al. Hand hygiene in Bulgarian hospitals: multicentre questionnaire study. Sofia, NCIPD, 2006. 16. Magiorakis AP et al. National hand hygiene campaigns in Europe, 2000–2009. Euro surveillance, 2009, 14(17):article 5 (http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19190, accessed 1 May 2012). 17. Longtin Y et al. Patients’ beliefs and perceptions of their participation to increase healthcare worker compliance with hand hygiene. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 2009, 30(9):830–839. 18. Vatcheva-Dobrevska R. National reference centre for HAI prevention and control: foundation, tasks and responsibilities, perspectives for development. Nosocomial Infections, 2008, 1–2:55–62. 19. WHO hand hygiene self-assessment framework 2010. Introduction and user instructions. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2010 (http://www.who.int/entity/gpsc/ country_work/hhsa_framework_October_2010.pdf, accessed 1 May 2012). 45
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Exploring patient participation in
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ABSTRACT Patients’ rights have be
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iv Patient information: the link be
Page 7 and 8: vi LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES AND BOXE
Page 9 and 10: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The editors would
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ABHR alcohol-
Page 13 and 14: FOREWORD Health is a social value a
Page 15 and 16: ChApTER 1. pATIENTS’ RIGhTS AND p
Page 17 and 18: Box 1 .1 . contd Reporting and Lear
Page 19 and 20: The causal mechanisms through which
Page 21 and 22: » be involved in routine monitorin
Page 23 and 24: elationships within the complex env
Page 25 and 26: ChApTER 2. pATIENTS’ RIGhTS AND p
Page 27 and 28: CoE Recommendation 2006/7 of the Co
Page 29 and 30: The 2005 United States act on patie
Page 31 and 32: The right to participate in policy-
Page 33 and 34: The right to participate in quality
Page 35 and 36: » engaging with patient representa
Page 37 and 38: hampered by the written and spoken
Page 39 and 40: prevents misunderstandings and shap
Page 41 and 42: Health care providers should nevert
Page 43 and 44: Recommendation 7 - Encourage the av
Page 45 and 46: 20. Constitution of the World Healt
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Page 49 and 50: awareness of the sociomedical burde
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Page 65 and 66: Box 4 .1 . Definitions of adverse e
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Patient participation in elective s
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e desirable to have a special statu
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inspections of surgical services to
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» being involved in monitoring and
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Other studies on patient attitudes
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Information about patients’ exper
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available evidence suggests that in
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Adverse events Respondents from the
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Feeling safe Five per cent of hospi
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probability proportional to populat
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care professionals’ and patients
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group recommends that patient invol
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13. Hibbard JH et al. Can patients
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52. Triemstra M et al. Measuring cl
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2009 (http://www.bradfordresearch.n
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of a small-scale patient survey add
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Box 8 .2 . Curricula and CME Chapte
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is provided through interaction of
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Box 8 .4 . Patient education Chapte
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ANNEX 1. QUOTATIONS FROM INTERNATIO
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(2) When designing adverse event re
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17) If yes, do you think this was m
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Box A3 .1 . Reporting procedure Pat
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Box A3 .2 . contd Haemosiderosis Ha
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ANNEX 4. pATIENT QUESTIONNAIRE ABOU
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ANNEX 6. WhO pATIENT SAFETY pROGRAM
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especially those in intensive care.
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ANNEX 7. hANDOVER pROjECT Paul Bara
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(a) Provide new insight into the ro
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Johnson J, Barach P. Handovers of p
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Enhancing the patients’ role in p
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Enhancing the patients’ role in p
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