Exploring patient participation in reducing health-care-related safety risks

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LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES AND BOXES
Tables
Table 3.1. Association between patients’ characteristics and their intention
to ask HCWs whether they performed hand hygiene ...................................... 40
Table 3.2. Association between patients’ beliefs and knowledge about HAIs
and infection control strategies and their intention to ask HCWs whether
they performed hand hygiene ........................................................................... 41
Table 3.3. Association between beliefs related to patient participation to
improve HCWs’ hand hygiene compliance and patients’ intention to ask
HCWs whether they performed hand hygiene ................................................ 42
Table 3.4. Reasons for not intending to ask HCWs whether they performed
hand hygiene .................................................................................................... 42
Table 3.5. Multivariate analysis of factors associated with patients’ intention
to ask HCWs to perform hand hygiene ........................................................... 43
Table 4.1. Typology of risks ..................................................................................... 52
Table 4.2. Experts’ opinions on main themes of the questionnaire ........................ 70
Table 5.1. Number of ADRs reported per year per category, 2004–2010 ................ 87
Table 6.1. Key legislation and regulatory documents related to health literacy
and the right to safety ...................................................................................... 100
Figures
Fig. 1.1. The entry points to patient safety, rights and empowerment ..................... 4
Fig. 1.2. Macro–micro relations between patients’ rights and patient
empowerment in health care safety .................................................................. 5
Fig. 1.3. Conceptual model of patient participation in error prevention .................. 6
Fig. 3.1. Types of HAI in Bulgarian hospitals ......................................................... 34
Fig. 3.2. Categorized distribution of 39 Bulgarian hospitals.................................... 38
Fig. 3.3. Distribution of respondents by age ............................................................ 39
Fig. 4.1. Patient involvement in the transfusion process .......................................... 47
Fig. 4.2. Transfused patients by age and gender, 2011 ............................................. 49
Fig. 4.3. Transfusion procedure steps ....................................................................... 50
Fig. 4.4. Distribution of adverse reactions, 2009 ...................................................... 53
Fig. 4.5. Patient safety in France .............................................................................. 54
Fig. 4.6. Organization of transfusion and haemovigilance in France ....................... 55
Fig. 4.7. Decision-making tree to guide anaesthetists .............................................. 57
Fig. 4.8. Number of health facilities declaring at least one transfusion
adverse event through the established declaration process, 2000–2009 ............ 60
Fig. 4.9. Patient responses to the question “Do you know with which blood
component you have been transfused?” ............................................................ 67
Fig. 4.10. Reasons given for patients’ difficulty understanding the information
provided on their transfusion ........................................................................... 68
Fig. 4.11. Patients’ degree of interest in being involved in their transfusion
treatment .......................................................................................................... 68
Fig. 4.12. Patients’ response to the questions on how they would prefer to
get involved ...................................................................................................... 69