Hindko and Gujari. c - SIL International

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Calinda E. Hallberg and Clare F. O’Leary
lessons aloud and so she has learned some Urdu that way. One
other mentioned having an uncle who had taught her a little
Urdu.
Clearly, Peshmal Gujar women have little exposure to Urdu
and little skill in the language. This situation is unlikely to
change in the near future, because of the prevailing attitude that
it is undesirable for women to be educated. 40 However, lack of
education alone does not account for the extremely low Urdu
SRT scores. The mean score for the Peshmal women can be
compared to that of the uneducated Peshmal men to emphasize
this point. The mean score for female subjects is 4.7 or a level of
0+, very minimal proficiency on the RPE scale; the mean for
uneducated male subjects is 23.3, representing RPE level 2,
knowlege of Urdu sufficient for basic, everyday communication.
The difference between these scores is highly significant, as is
demonstrated by the results of the analysis of variance (F=27.87,
p