Hindko and Gujari. c - SIL International

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Calinda E. Hallberg and Clare F. O’Leary
(23) Percent of Mittikot men:
length of longest reported Urdu conversation
Longest Urdu
Conversation Percent n
never 57% 33
60 min. 0 0
Total 58
Conversational Domains for Urdu
Since Urdu is rarely used in Mittikot, it fits with
expectations to discover that the reported domains where it is
spoken are with interlocutors who are higher status ‘outsiders’.
Among those who reported Urdu conversations, the most
frequently mentioned interlocutor was the school teacher; others
included forestry workers, visitors, landlords, employers,
lawyers, and shopkeepers in Balakot or more distant locations.
Most often, the topics were appropriate to conversations with
such interlocutors, not ones which would be discussed among
family and peers within the Gujar community: schoolwork,
employment, court cases, etc.
4.3.4 Mittikot Hindko Proficiency
In addition to limited use of Urdu, a second language of
wider communication used by the Gujars in Mittikot is the
regional language widely spoken in the Hazara area, Hindko.
Hindko is the dominant language in the nearby town of Balakot,
where many Mittikot Gujars have regular contacts. In order to
test the bilingual ability of Mittikot Gujar men in Hindko, a