Radioactive Waste Disposal at Sea: Public Ideas ... - IMO

228 Notes to pp. 165–182
19. “The Greening of British Politics,” The Economist, March 3, 1990.
20. See, e.g., Young 1989, pp. 371–372.
21. See McCormick 1989 and Boxer 1982.
22. On the insurance industry and global warming, see Flavin 1994.
23. See Oye and Maxwell 1995, pp. 191–221.
24. For other examples, see Raustiala 1997.
25. See, e.g., Peterson 1992.
26. From 1985 to 1990, membership in Greenpeace increased from 1.4 million to
6.75 million worldwide and annual revenues went from $24 million to some $100
million (Princen and Finger 1994, p. 2). In 1990, it employed approximately a thousand
people in 23 offices located on four continents, including Asia and Latin
America, and owned seven vessels. See Greenpeace International 1990, p. 9.
Greenpeace evidently is a global organization and so are, among others, the World
Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the Friends of the Earth. In fact, ENGOs sometimes
have more issue-specific resources at their disposal than states, international
organizations, and regime secretariats, and ENGO delegations are often among the
largest attending environmental regime meetings.
Chapter 10
1. Those who believe that U.S. hegemony has declined expect that material power
resources are likely to play a less important role when future regimes will be built.
See, e.g., Keohane 1984.
2. For a general discussion, see Rhodes 1985. For an examination of the role of
self-interest and the role of social norms in achieving social order, see Elster 1989.
3. See Cox 1983.
4. Others similarly note that Western norms are most likely to become internationalized.
See, e.g., Finnemore and Sikkink 1998, pp. 906–907.
5. See, e.g., Lundqvist 1980.
6. On the scant attention paid to costs of EC water policy in the early 1970s, see
Richardson 1994.
7. This is well illustrated by the international efforts to regulate CFCs. See Oye and
Maxwell 1995, pp. 191–221.
8. Risk perception analysts and psychologists have repeatedly confirmed the general
public’s fear of nuclear waste and the prevalence of not-in-my-backyard
(NIMBY) sentiments. See, e.g., Slovic et al. 1991 and Carter 1987. France is the
exception.
9. Similarly, as two advocates of subseabed disposal of high-level radioactive wastes
recently observed (Hollister and Nadis 1998, p. 44), public resentment makes this
option “a tough sell.”
10. For examples and discussion, see Gamson and Modigliani 1989.