OVERVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF MINING ON THE ... - IIED pubs

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Anzac Antimony Closed 1970 973.5 High BD Antimony Closed 1984 686.8 High Cam and Motor Antimony Closed 1969 247.4 High Dalling Antimony Closed 1982 245.9 High Globe Phoenix and Antimony Closed 1971 1832.9 High Glover Antimony Closed 1977 402.1 High Indarama Antimony Closed 1979 1591.7 High Janet Antimony Closed 1971 169.9 High Argosy Barytes Closed 1977 8793.3 Low Cagal Beryl Closed 1974 479.7 Low Gumbo's Dream Beryl Closed 1964 105.7 Low Tengwe Beryl Closed 1963 102.8 Low Cambrai Chromium Closed 1984 776791.0 Low Netherburn Chromium Closed 1984 776086.0 Low Falcon Copper Closed 1955 31225.4 Medium Rivclay Fireclay Closed1966 15002.0 Low Athens Gold Closed 5.9 High: Arsenic possible Bell-Riverlea Gold In operation 10.0 High: Arsenic possible Brompton Gold Closed? 7.8 Medium: Arsenic in Try Me body Cam and Motor Gold Dump retreatment 147.2 High: Arsenic possible Comrades Extension Gold Dump retreatment 5.7 High: Arsenic possible Connemara Gold In operation 16.7 Medium Eiffel blue Gold Closed 7.2 High: Arsenic possible Falcon Gold Closed 12.7 High: Arsenic possible Gaika Gold In operation 22.7 High: Size & Sb possible Globe Phoenix and Gold Closed 124.1 High: Size & Sb possible Golden Valley Gold In operation 31.1 High: Size Indarama Gold In operation 6.1 High: Arsenic & Sb possible Kanyemba Gold 7.6 High: Arsenic possible Mali Gold 6.3 Medium Owl Gold 5.2 Medium Patchway Gold Care maintenance since 2000 & clxxii 18.0 Medium Piper Moss Gold 5.4 High: Arsenic & Sb possible Sherwood Starr Gold Closed 15.2 High: Arsenic & Sb possible Spectacle Gold 8.6 Medium
Thristle Etna Gold 6.7 Medium Tiger Reef Gold In operation 5.0 High: Arsenic possible Venice Gold In operation 13.8 High: Arsenic & Sb possible Beacon Tor Iron Closed 1975 1560813.0 Low Mel Iron Closed 1973 740380.0 Low Orpheus Iron Closed 1975 1517260.0 Low Ripple Creek Iron Closed 1980s 2205731.0 High Tank Iron Closed 1979 5291475.0 High Falcon Lime Limestone Closed 1982 167638 Low Kwekwe Limestone In operation Low Ripple Limestone Creek Limestone 7767965 Medium Barton Farm Magnesite Closed 1984 868024 Medium Dan Manganese Closed 1962 16502.0 Low Ripple Manganese Closed 1952 1433.0 Low Richmond Mercury Closed 1970 0.0099 High Empress Nickel Closed 1982 52146.0 High: AMD possible Tritan Ochre Closed 1978 1214 Low Zoe Ochre Closed 1984 4066 Low Empress Palladium Closed 1980 0.211 High Zinca Palladium Closed 1981 0.013 Medium Empress Platinum Closed 1980 0.093 Medium Ngezi Platinum In operation 0.012 Low Broadside Quartz Closed 1984 1055330.0 Medium Duzi Quartz Closed 1981 133630.0 Low Lone Kop Quartz Closed 1983 36535.0 Low Rio Silica Quartz Closed 1981 321695 Low Tritan Talc Closed 1979 1195.82 Low Golden Valley Tungsten Closed 1967 463.5 Low Scheelite King Tungsten Closed 1953 50.0 Low Sunday Tungsten Closed 1944 50.3 Low Tungsten (Homestead) Umsweswe Tungsten Tungsten Closed 1954 92.8 Low Tungsten Closed 1955 84.2 Low Copper Queen Zinc In operation 164.9 High: AMD & As possible Sanyati Zinc, copper Starting operations See ZGS 1988a) and ZGS (1988b) for locations. clxxiii High: AMD and metals possible
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AN OVERVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF MINING
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AN OVERVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF MINING
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exploited, the size of the facility
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2.3.6 Stockpiling and transport of
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4.1.6 Mining and mineral processing
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Compari
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Table 1.6: Minimum annual productio
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Table 3.26: Mining operations in th
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Table 4.22: Mining operations in th
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Several enthusiast
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1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFO
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Box 1.2). Each research team is req
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The MRC cannot be held responsible
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of amenity or deterioration in wate
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Typically, river flows in the count
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In simple terms, all of the propone
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shared by more than one country, es
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most appropriate technical or inves
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CAMEROUN GABON CENTRAL AFRICAN REPU
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1.6.1 Data on the location, nature,
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1997). In future studies, more atte
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Section 5 briefly reviews the water
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Mining methods vary widely and depe
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Removal and storage of ores and was
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These effects are usually ameliorat
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Water quality changes are widely co
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these substances are often mobilize
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The acidification of the water has
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and kinetic stability of the comple
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This process is carefully balanced
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neutralize each other - this situat
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(Chenje, 2000). Despite the recent
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Swaziland Water Environment Tanzani
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Draft Environmental Management Bill
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siting of works plan for approval t
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The draft policy encourages develop
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provides a definition but one which
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2.9.3.9 Zimbabwe Environmental Impa
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Sector Activity Industry °Chemical
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Cyanides and related compounds (CN)
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of Natural Resources and the South
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3.1.1 Geology, topography and soils
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Air temperatures across the Zambezi
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or fuelwood production. Similar pat
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Zambia. Clearly, some water quality
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3.2.1.6 Human impacts on water reso
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The Botswana segment of this area f
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3.4.1.4 Surface water users The onl
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3.5.1.2 Geology The Upper Karoo Bat
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3.5.6 Implications for water qualit
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3.6.4 Monitoring systems None. 3.6.
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3.8.1.5 Water management systems Th
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3.9.1.2 Geology This sub-catchment
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3.9.5 Water quality data None avail
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Z-87 Mulobezi Amethyst Operating Ve
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3.11.1.6 Human impacts on water res
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3.12.1.2 Geology This sub-catchment
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• Increased quantities of suspend
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Determinant Fischer’s Farm Raglan
Page 121 and 122: 3.13.1.4 Surface water users There
Page 123 and 124: The Nampundwe pyrite mine poses a r
Page 125 and 126: Z-90 Chisuki Mica, Tin, Tantalite O
Page 127 and 128: along the major roads between Chiru
Page 129 and 130: 3.16.1 General description 3.16.1.1
Page 131 and 132: Z-17 Jessie Gold Starting Very Smal
Page 133 and 134: Small intrusions of Greenstone form
Page 135 and 136: Several stretches of streams and ri
Page 137 and 138: 3.18.1.5 Water management systems T
Page 139 and 140: 3.18.6 Implications for water quali
Page 141 and 142: 3.19.1.6 Human impacts on water res
Page 143 and 144: 3.20 The Mazowe (Mozambique) sub-ca
Page 145 and 146: 3.20.4 Monitoring systems This area
Page 147 and 148: Table 3.21: Mining operations in th
Page 149 and 150: The only settlements of any size ar
Page 151 and 152: 3.23.1 General description 3.23.1.1
Page 153 and 154: 3.23.4 Monitoring systems None. 3.2
Page 155 and 156: • Non-point impact from minefield
Page 157 and 158: This is Zones G1-G6, B1-B3, S1-S6,
Page 159 and 160: The catchment falls mainly under th
Page 161 and 162: The two lone water quality data poi
Page 163 and 164: • Non-point domestic effluent, ru
Page 165 and 166: Land use comprises the Siabuwa, Oma
Page 167 and 168: 3.28 The Ume sub-catchment 3.28.1 G
Page 169 and 170: 3.28.4 Monitoring systems None. 3.2
Page 171: 3.29.1.4 Surface water users The Ci
Page 175 and 176: Sanyati, all may well contribute or
Page 177 and 178: 3.30.1.5 Water management systems T
Page 179 and 180: This is Zone Z1 of Area C (ZSG, 198
Page 181 and 182: 3.31.5 Water quality data Only one
Page 183 and 184: 3.32.2 Mining and mineral processin
Page 185 and 186: Land use above the Zambezi Escarpme
Page 187 and 188: Extensive alluvial mining of gold t
Page 189 and 190: The major settlements are the metro
Page 191 and 192: 3.34.6 Implications for water quali
Page 193 and 194: • Urban run off, urban areas of C
Page 195 and 196: 3.36.1.4 Surface water users The to
Page 197 and 198: 3.37.1.1 Hydrology This is Zones M1
Page 199 and 200: The catchment falls under the Harar
Page 201 and 202: 3.37.3 Alluvial mining Alluvial min
Page 203 and 204: widely intruded by Mashonaland Dole
Page 205 and 206: 3.38.4 Monitoring systems ZINWA is
Page 207 and 208: 3.39.2 Mining and mineral processin
Page 209 and 210: 4. THE LIMPOPO BASIN In order to pr
Page 211 and 212: Mountains. Most of the basin consis
Page 213 and 214: the City of Pretoria and the northe
Page 215 and 216: continues to flow in the deeper all
Page 217 and 218: Each basin state maintains its own
Page 219 and 220: Land use in the upper parts of the
Page 221 and 222: the Limpopo River some 100 kilometr
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None obtainable in time for this re
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In the Botswana sector of the sub-c
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Table 4.9: Mining operations in the
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4.7.4 Monitoring systems ZINWA is c
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There is exploration for diamonds (
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There is exploration, mainly for di
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4.10.2 Mining and mineral processin
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Hwange National Park (ZSG, 1998). A
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4.12.1.3 Pedology, agriculture and
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4.13 The Marico sub-catchment 4.13.
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• Major non-point impact of agric
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Several thermal springs are located
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• Disposal of large volumes of li
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D7-13 Premier Diamond - kimberlite
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4.15.1 General description 4.15.1.1
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4.15.2 Mining and mineral processin
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Most of the clayey loam soils in th
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4.17 The Theuniskloof sub-catchment
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4.17.4 Monitoring systems The Depar
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4.18.1.4 Surface water users All of
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Water quality data for three sites
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supplies in the sub-catchment, the
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4.20.1.2 Geology Like the Mogalakwe
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• Minor non-point impact from non
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4.21 The Nzhelele sub-catchment 4.2
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4.21.1.6 Human impacts on water res
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4.22.1.3 Pedology, agriculture and
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Code Number Name of Mine Commodity
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5. THE OLIFANTS CATCHMENT In order
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Soil formations across the Olifants
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indices of per capita agricultural
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professional capacity within the me
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• Dark grey to blackish, mottled
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5.2.5 Water quality data No specifi
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Several towns (e.g. Witbank and Mid
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The following mining operations are
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5.3.6 Implications for water qualit
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5.4.1.3 Pedology, agriculture and l
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K 5.5 5 4.5 Cl 380 350 200 F 1.0 1.
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local geological formations. High c
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The South African Department of Wat
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pH 8.5 8.3 8.8 8.7 8.8 8.9 TDS 439
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Soils in the sub-catchment can be d
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No information is available on the
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In its upper reaches, the sub-catch
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The Phalaborwa Water Board has been
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m 3 /day) water abstractions, and m
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In the south-west of the sub-catchm
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• Minor non-point impact of agric
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(Figure 4.2). The tributaries of th
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5.9.1.6 Human impacts on water reso
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y the upper Klaserie River. Recent
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5.10.6 Implications for water quali
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In Mozambique, the Mozambican Depar
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Acid mine drainage (AMD) represents
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• Antimony, cadmium and tin conta
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• Decreased light penetration to
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6.1.8 “Peripheral” or indirect
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Worldwide, the general public has e
Page 347 and 348:
2. That copies of this report shoul
Page 349 and 350:
Banks, D., P.L. Younger, R.T. Arnes
Page 351 and 352:
CSIR (1993). An Environmental Impac
Page 353 and 354:
Fuggle, R.F. & M.A. Rabie (1996). E
Page 355 and 356:
Love, D. & D.K. Hallbauer (2000). M
Page 357 and 358:
Pettersson, U.T. & J. Ingri (2000b)
Page 359 and 360:
Turton, A.R. (1999b). Water scarcit
Page 361 and 362:
World Bank (1998). World Developmen
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