Fisheries in the Southern Border Zone of Takamanda - Impact ...

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156 Sunderland et al. Table 1. Major plant NTFPs from Takamanda Forest Reserve, Cameroon, and their contribution to household income (from Schmidt-Soltau 2001, Sunderland 2001) Common name Scientific name Plant part used Takamanda: the Biodiversity of an African Rainforest Use % contribution to cash Main market(s) Bush mango Irvingia gabonensis Seed Condiment, soup income 58.9 Ikom, Amana (Nigeria) and I. wombolu thickener Mamfe Eru Gnetum africanum and Leaves Edible vegetable 23.3 Ikom, Amana (Nigeria) G. buccholzianum Mamfe Njansang Ricinodendron heudelotii Seed Condiment 6.6 Mbu, Nyang, Mamfe Bush pepper Piper guineensis Seed, leaf Condiment, leafy 2.9 Ikom, Amana (Nigeria) vegetable Mamfe Chewing Garcinia mannii Wood Dental hygiene 1.9 Agbokim, Ikom (Nigeria) stick Mamfe Bush onion Afrostyrax Seed Condiment 1.5 Ikom, Amana (Nigeria) kamerunensis Mamfe Bitter kola Garcinia kola Seed Stimulant, medicinal 1.0 Mbu, Nyang, Mamfe Raffia Raphia hookeri Leaves Thatching 0.7 Local sale within TFR Hausa stick Carpolobia lutea and C. alba Stems Cattle stick 0.4 Ikom (Nigeria) Cola nut Cola nitida Seed Stimulant, cultural 0.4 Ikom, Amana (Nigeria) Mamfe Alligator pepper Aframomum spp. Seed Medicinal 0.3 Mbu, Nyang, Mamfe Akpa Tetrapleura tetraptera Seed pod Condiment 0.1 Mamfe Njabe Baillonella toxisperma Seed Oil 0.1 Local sale, Mamfe Essok Mushroom Edible 0.1 unknown Screw pine Pandanus candelabrum Leaves Thatching for mats 0.07 Local sale within TFR Rattan Laccosperma secundiflorum L. robustum and Eremospatha macrocarpa Stems Weaving 0.07 Local sale within TFR Ngongo Marantaceae Leaves Weaving, wrapping 0.06 Local sale within TFR Bush plum Dacryodes edulis Fruits Edible 0.06 Local sale within TFR Poga Poga oleosa Seed Edible 0.06 Local sale within TFR
Distribution, Utilization, and Sustainability of NTFPs Figure 1. Location of NTFP surveys in the Takamanda Forest Reserve, Cameroon. 2.1 Recent trends in NTFP trade in TFR Until the 1980s, most of TFR and its environs were relatively inaccessible, except through pedestrian access. The majority of NTFPs were traded locally or were carried on the heads of residents across the Cameroon- Nigeria border. Logging in the late 1980’s logging activities, particularly to the south of the Reserve, led to the construction of access roads that reached as far as Bache and Okpambe (Figure 1) These roads facilitated greater access to TFR and its resources, with a corresponding increase in the harvest and trade of many NTFPs by both indigenous peoples and Nigerian traders. By early 1994, many Nigerians began “invading the forest” (Ebot 2001) to harvest Gnetum, Carpolobia, bush mango, and Garcinia chewing stick, with the complicity 157 of the local population. More recently, construction of the Akwaya road, albeit sporadic, has led to the opening of rural markets from Mamfe to Mbu (the latter operates only in the dry season), providing additional means of selling forest products. These changes in infrastructure and marketing conditions, coupled with the absence of any formal controls, have led to the “significant overexploitation of NTFPs” within the study area (Ebot 2001). This paper is based on the findings of a study of NTFPs in Takamanda Forest Reserve as part of the GTZfunded Protection of the Forests around Akwaya (PROFA) project. It reviews the NTFP sector with emphasis on the few forest resources that contribute significantly to household incomes. Each of these SI/MAB Series #8, 2003
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Smithsonian Institution SI/MAB Biod
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ii 10. Fisheries in the Southern Bo
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Mercy Abwe Dione Dept. of Biology,
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The Smithsonian Institution has lon
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The editors of this publication ext
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2 Sunderland-Groves et al. Figure 1
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4 Sunderland-Groves et al. Rainfall
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14 Comiskey and Dallmeier identifie
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16 Comiskey and Dallmeier 5.4 Evalu
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18 Takamanda: the Biodiversity of a
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20 Sunderland et al. preliminary la
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22 Sunderland et al. avoided protru
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24 Sunderland et al. Table 2. Summa
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26 Sunderland et al. lowland forest
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28 Sunderland et al. impressive cat
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30 Sunderland et al. Herbaceous flo
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32 Sunderland et al. Table 3. Compa
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34 Sunderland et al. 5.5 Economic P
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36 Sunderland et al. Table 5. Summa
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38 Sunderland et al. monitoring pro
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40 Sunderland et al. Letouzey, R. 1
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42 Sunderland et al. Appendix 1. Pl
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44 Sunderland et al. Agelaea pentag
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46 Sunderland et al. Afzelia pachyl
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48 Sunderland et al. Rhabdophyllum
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50 Sunderland et al. Aningeria robu
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52 Sunderland et al. Nervilia sp. P
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54 Sunderland et al. g—2˜— @y
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56 O’Kah f22 y2@w—˜A g—22@IE
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58 O’Kah Table 3. Species found i
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60 O’Kah Table 6. Indicators of s
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62 O’Kah Larsen, T. B. 1997. Butt
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64 O’Kah Appendix 1 (cont.). Chec
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66 O’Kah Appendix 1 (cont.). Chec
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68 O’Kah Species distribution Tak
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70 O’Kah Species distribution Tak
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72 Takamanda: the Biodiversity of a
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74 h—2@y——A 2 IE2— y2@w—
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76 The sites which have been survey
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78 species from a phylogenetic poin
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80 Appendix 1. Species list and sam
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82 Family / Species Notes Locations
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84 LeBreton et al. 3 Methods A team
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86 LeBreton et al. Bothrolycus ater
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88 LeBreton et al. an important par
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90 LeBreton et al. Perret, J.-L. 19
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92 LeBreton et al. Appendix 1 (cont
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94 LeBreton et al. Appendix 1 (cont
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96 Languy and Motombe f 5 q—2˜
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98 Languy and Motombe Table 3. Thre
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100 Languy and Motombe encroachment
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102 Languy and Motombe Appendix 1.
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104 Languy and Motombe Appendix 1 (
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Page 160 and 161: 150 Monthly yield (t) 200 160 120 8
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Page 172 and 173: No. of individuals (n = 315) 200 15
Page 174 and 175: No. of individuals (n = 1065) 1000
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