Fisheries in the Southern Border Zone of Takamanda - Impact ...

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The Smithsonian Institution has long been aware of the importance of southwestern Cameroon to global biodiversity and as a storehouse of resources with potentially significant value to humankind. In the 1990s, scientists from the Division of Experimental Therapeutics at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and the Bioresources Development and Conservation Programme approached the Smithsonian with an offer to join research in Nigeria and Cameroon aimed at using development of pharmaceutical drugs to catalyze conservation of biodiversity. Out of those initial discussions, the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups for West Africa was formed, based on the belief that the discovery and development of pharmaceuticals and other useful products from natural resources can, under appropriate circumstances, promote sustained economic growth in developing countries and conserve the biological resources from which the products are derived. Priority objectives were to establish and maintain an inventory of species used in traditional medicine; collect, chemically analyze, and test plant samples for potential medicinal development; identify key compounds for the treatment of diseases such as malaria, HIV-AIDS, cancer, cystic fibrosis, and leischmaniasis; establish and maintain research plots for long-term assessment of ecological dynamics in rainforests; conduct economic value assessments of major species in host countries; and train Nigerian and Cameroonian scientists and technicians in the various aspects of plant research and ecology. For nearly ten years, the Smithonsian and Bioresources Development and Conservation Programme have coordinated biodiversity conservation and training for the International Cooperative Biodiversity Group. The Smithsonian has focused on establishing an extensive network of biodiversity monitoring plots in Nigeria and Cameroon and an intensively researched forest dynamics plot in Korup National Park, Cameroon. The goal is Preface increased understanding of the processes that maintain biodiversity in Central and West African forests. Smithsonian has conducted detailed forest biodiversity assessments in collaboration with numerous partner organizations to provide baseline information needed to develop regional conservation strategies. We have also provided professional training in plant taxonomy, collection techniques, biodiversity monitoring, data analysis, and environmental leadership for in-country students and natural resource technicians. Our other efforts in the region include support of herbariums, computer facilities, and other components of local infrastructure and capacity. Partners who have joined in the drug screening and resource development aspect of the program include Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, University of Buea (Cameroon), University of Dschang (Cameroon), University of Jos (Nigeria), Pace University (New York), Southern Research Institute (Alabama), the University of Utah, the University of Miami, and Florida State University. Funding for the overall program stems from the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups Program, a consortium of the National Institutes of Health, the Biological Sciences Directorate of the National Science Foundation, and the Foreign Agriculture Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Cooperating National Institutes of Health agencies include Fogarty International Center, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The Takamanda Project was a collaborative, multiinstitutional effort to provide an initial series of assessments for selected taxa in this region of southwestern Cameroon and elicit the data needed to form
a baseline for future research and conservation. Takamanda Forest Reserve was relatively unexplored until this project. Increasing threats to the long-term survival of both flora and fauna in the Reserve prompted the authors and their respective affiliations to conduct the biodiversity assessments that we report on in this book.. An additional outcome of the Takamanda Project was formal training through courses conducted by the Smithsonian Institution in collaboration with the Bioresources Development and Conservation Program, the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups, WWF Cameroon, the Wildlife Conservation Society and the US Agency for International Development’s Central African Regional Program for the Environment. vii Continued capacity building was conducted throughout the different field activities. As an outgrowth of the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups Program, the Takamanda Project is based on the premise that the discovery and development of products (including pharmaceuticals) from natural resources may well promote sustainable use of those resources and contribute to the economic and social wellbeing of local communities. Francisco Dallmeier National Zoological Park Smithsonian Institution
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48 Sunderland et al. Rhabdophyllum
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50 Sunderland et al. Aningeria robu
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52 Sunderland et al. Nervilia sp. P
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54 Sunderland et al. g—2˜— @y
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56 O’Kah f22 y2@w—˜A g—22@IE
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58 O’Kah Table 3. Species found i
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60 O’Kah Table 6. Indicators of s
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62 O’Kah Larsen, T. B. 1997. Butt
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64 O’Kah Appendix 1 (cont.). Chec
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66 O’Kah Appendix 1 (cont.). Chec
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68 O’Kah Species distribution Tak
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70 O’Kah Species distribution Tak
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72 Takamanda: the Biodiversity of a
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74 h—2@y——A 2 IE2— y2@w—
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76 The sites which have been survey
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78 species from a phylogenetic poin
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80 Appendix 1. Species list and sam
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82 Family / Species Notes Locations
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84 LeBreton et al. 3 Methods A team
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90 LeBreton et al. Perret, J.-L. 19
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92 LeBreton et al. Appendix 1 (cont
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94 LeBreton et al. Appendix 1 (cont
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96 Languy and Motombe f 5 q—2˜
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98 Languy and Motombe Table 3. Thre
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100 Languy and Motombe encroachment
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102 Languy and Motombe Appendix 1.
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144 Table 1. Type and number of fis
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146 Migrating Labeo spp. make up 10
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148 Mdaihli et al. Mochokidae Barbu
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150 Monthly yield (t) 200 160 120 8
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152 Mdaihli et al. of Forests Aroun
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No. of individuals (n = 315) 200 15
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No. of individuals (n = 1065) 1000
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Gnetum spp. Piper guineensis Site T
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Resource Impacts of seasonality Ava
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Box. Large-scale exploitation of no
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180 Takamanda: the Biodiversity of
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