Fisheries in the Southern Border Zone of Takamanda - Impact ...

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28 Sunderland et al. impressive cathedral-like effect. The Myristicaceae is represented by large numbers of Scyphocephalium mannii and Coelocaryon preussii. Other trees present include Allanblackia floribunda, Tapura africana, Bielschmiedia obscura, Canthium arnoldianum, Chrysophyllum beguei, C. boukokoensis, Zanthoxylum heitzii, Aubrevillea kerstingii, Pseudospondias microcarpa, Camptostylus mannii, Maranthes glabra, Newtonia grandifolia, and Dacryodes klaineana. The ridge forests are not only species diverse. Their flora is also unique in TFR. In the Kekpani/Basho hills, the following species were not recorded elsewhere during our surveys: Allophyllus bullatus, Anisophyllea polyneura, Anopyxis klaineana, Antrocaryon klaineanum, Aulacocalyx talbotii, Camptostylus mannii, Chytranthus mortenhanii, Cola anomala, C. verticillata, C. semecarpophylla,Dialium pachyphyllum, Diospyros cococarpa, D. physocalycina, Drypetes preussii, Lecaniodiscus cupanioides, Leonardoxa africana, Manniophyton fulvum, Maprounea membranacea, Microdesmis zenkeri, Petersianthus africanus, Pterygota macrocarpa, Rhabdophyllum affine, Soyauxia gabonensis, Strychnos asterantha, Trichilia gilgiana, Trilipisium madagascariensis, Uapaca acuminata, Uapaca staudtii, and Uvariodendron connivens The understory of the ridge forests is relatively open with a notable absence of herbs and smaller shrubs. The genera Cola and Diospyros dominate this layer, and in many areas Cola semecarpophylla form sparse, monospecific stands. 4.2.3 Mid-elevation forest (500-800 m) At higher elevations, particularly in the northern part of the Reserve, there is a distinct and perceptible shift in the forest—from strictly lowland forest to mid-elevation and, consequently, montane forest and savannah grassland. The characteristic vegetation of mid-elevation forest is particularly evident in the dramatic alteration in relief from the villages of Matene to Mende, where the forest changes from lowland forest (200 m) to midelevation forest (700 m) over a relatively small linear distance. Takamanda: the Biodiversity of an African Rainforest Alower canopy, a denser understory, and an increase of epiphytic flora, particularly Pteridophytes and Orchidaceae, characterize the mid-elevation forest. The tree flora is dominated by of Vitex doniniana and V. ferruginea (Figure 4), the latter species occurring only in mid-elevation forest. The flora is less diverse than the lowland forest, and the main species include Anthonotha cladantha, Homalium dolichophyllum, Tabernaemontana pachysiphon, Syzygium guineense, Santiria trimera, Garcinia smeathmannii, Dactyledenia mannii, Allanblackia floribunda, Spondianthus preussii, and Xylopia staudtii. Other species characteristic of this forest formation and not encountered elsewhere in TFR are Aidia micrantha, Bielschmiedia preussii, Camptostylus mannii, Casearia barteri, Carpolobia lutea, Clausena anisata, Garcinia afzelii, Homalium doligophyllum, Hymenocardia acida, Microdesmis puberula, Ophiobotrys zenkeri, Oricia trifoliolata, Spondianthus sp., Synsepalum msolo, Syzygium guineense, and Trichilia heudelotii. Not surprisingly, the tree flora of this forest formation contains both lowland and montane elements, including Strombosia grandifolia, Strombosiopsis tetandra, Cola ficifolia, Tabernaemontana pachysiphon, Santiria trimera, Allanblackia floribunda, and Garcinia smeathmannii, which are generally regarded as lowland species, and Vernonia frondosa, Syzygium guineense, Olea capensis, Psychotria mannii, and Schefflera abyssinica, which are generally found at higher altitudes. The middle layer of the mid-altitude forest is dominated by Rinorea dentata, Ixora marcrocarpa, numerous Salacia sp., Dichranolepis disticha, Campylospermum flavum, C. mannii, C. reticulatum, C. subcordatum, Dichapetalum heudelotii, Idertia axillaris, Massularia acuminata, Ixora nematopoda, and Lasianthus batangensis. The tree fern Cyathea manniana also occurs at these altitudes, mostly along streams and ravines. The herbaceous Acanthaceae are well represented (Acanthus montanus, Crossandrella dusenii), and many species such as Brachystephanus nemoralis, Oreocanthus mannii, and Brilliantasia owariensis form dense thickets.
Vegetation Assessment Figure 4. Structure and composition of mid-elevation forest habitat in Takamanda Forest Reserve, Cameroon, from biodiversity plots, showing relative density and relative basal area by (a) species, and (b) family. (a) Vitex ferruginea Anthonotha cladantha Chrysophyllum sp. Homalium dolichophyllum Syzygium guineense Tabernaemontana pachysiphon Santiria trimera Garcinia smeathmannii Drypetes sp. 1 Tricalysia sp. (b) Verbenaceae Leg-Caesalpinioideae Sapotaceae Samydaceae Myrtaceae Apocynaceae Rubiaceae Euphorbiaceae Guttiferae Burseraceae Relative Density Relative BA 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Relative Density Relative BA 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 29 SI/MAB Series #8, 2003
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84 LeBreton et al. 3 Methods A team
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150 Monthly yield (t) 200 160 120 8
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No. of individuals (n = 315) 200 15
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No. of individuals (n = 1065) 1000
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Gnetum spp. Piper guineensis Site T
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Resource Impacts of seasonality Ava
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