Fisheries in the Southern Border Zone of Takamanda - Impact ...

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78 species from a phylogenetic point of view as it does not fit neatly into either genus according to present definitions. There is only one other calopterygid taxon, Umma saphirina known from the Rumpi Hills and adjacent areas of Nigeria. With seven genera present, the Southwest Province also seems to be one of the centres of diversity for the Tetrathemistinae, a pleisiomorphic subfamily of the worldwide Libellulidae. They are not colourful like most libellulids, their colours being yellow-green and black, and the species are almost entirely confined to streams and ephemeral pools in dense rainforest. This subfamily is of great evolutionary interest as they show a striking diversity of behaviour (Clausnitzer and Lempert 1998). In the majority of libellulid species, the females oviposit in flight by dipping the tip of the abdomen into the water so that they are ‘washed’ off and sink to the bottom. In the tetrathemistines there is a range of oviposition strategies: species of Tetrathemis which breed exclusively in rainforest pools settle and oviposit epiphytically on leaves several metres above the water; Notiothemis, Eothemis, Malgassophlebia and Micromacromia which breed in rainforest streams and pools oviposit in flight on banks well above water level; species of Allorhizucha oviposit in flight directly into water as in the more ‘modern’ libellulids. The recent discovery of an apparently endemic tetrathemistine genus and species, Mesumbethemis takamandensis, in the Takamanda Forest north of Mamfe illustrates the potential of this region (Vick 2000). Although surveying is in its preliminary stages in Takamanda, the discoveries so far indicate that the area is likely to be one of the highest importance for odonate diversity in Africa. Although clearly part of the main ‘hotspot’ in Southwest Cameroon there is some evidence to suggest that its species composition may be different from that in the southern part of the province. As very little sampling has yet taken place above the critical 700m altitude at which most endemics would be expected, I would anticipate some exciting discoveries to be made in the future. Takamanda: the Biodiversity of an African Rainforest Acknowledgments I am grateful for the efforts of Otto Mesumbe, Jacqui Groves and Christopher Wild, and their helpers, who have provided me with samples to study. I would like to acknowledge the financial assistance that has been provided by the International Dragonfly Fund for help with Otto Mesumbe’s expenses when visiting Takamanda. I am grateful to the Smithsonian Institution and CRES for encouraging researchers who have been concentrating on other projects to help the Cameroon Dragonfly Project with our work. Re-collecting in Takamanda, WWF funded research in 1998/99 and Smithsonian 2000/01. We are grateful to Jacqui Sunderland-Groves, Christopher Wild and Otto Mesumbe, and helpers for samples from Takamanda. This total species list is based upon sampling funded by World Wildlife Fund, Cameroon Dragonfly Project and the Smithsonian Institution. Thanks to Dan Slayback for preparation of the map. References Vick Brooks, S.J. and K.A.Jackson. 2001. The Odonata of Bioko, Republic of Equatorial Guinea, with the description of fan-shaped setae on early instar Libellulid larvae. Odononatologica 30(1): 29-38. Chelmick, D.G. 1999. Larvae of the genus Anax in Africa (Anisoptera: Aeshnidae). Odonatologica 28(3): 209-218. Chelmick, D.G., 2001. Larvae of the genus Aeshna Fabricius in Africa south of the Sahara (Anisoptera: Aeshnidae). Odonatologica 30(1): 39-47. Chelmick, D.G., in prep. A key to the dragonfly larvae of Cameroon. Clausnitzer, V. 2001. Notes on the species diversity of East African Odonata, with a checklist of species. Odonatologica 30(1): 49-66.
Odonate assessment Clausnitzer, V. and J. Lempert. 1998. Preliminary comparative approach of the reproductive behaviour of African Tetratheminae (sic) (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) Journal of African Zoology 112(2): 103-107. Dijkstra, K.-D.B. and G. S. Vick. 2002. Afrotropical Region: Western Africa. IUCN Odonata Specialists Group: Regional Report. International Journal of Odonatology (in press). Mayr, E. and R.J. O’Hara. 1986. The Biogeographic evidence supporting the Pleistocene Forest Refuge Hypothesis. Evolution 40(1): 55-67. O’Neill, G., and D. Paulson. 2001. An annotated list of Odonata collected in Ghana in 1997, a checklist of Ghana Odonata, and comments on West African odonate biodiversity and biogeography. Odonatologica 30: 67-86. Vick, G.S.1996. Umma mesumbei spec. nov., with records of some other dragonfly species from the South West Province of Cameroon (Zygoptera: Calopterygidae). Odonatologica 25(2): 167-178. Vick, G.S.1998. Notes on some damselfly larvae from Cameroon (Zygoptera: Perilestidae, Amphipterygidae, Playcnemididae). Odonatologica 27(1): 87-98. Vick, G.S. 1999. A checklist of the dragonflies of the South West Province of Cameroon with a description of a new species of the genus Phyllogomphus Selys, 1854. Odonatologica 28(3): 219-256. Vick, G.S. 2000. Mesumbethemis takamandensis gen. nov., spec.nov., a new genus and species of the Tetrathemistinae from Cameroon, with a key to the African genera of the subfamily (anisoptera: Libellulidae). Odonatologica 29(3): 225-237. Vick, G.S. in prep. A study of the dragonflies of the Southwest Province of Cameroon with a key to the regional species. 79 SI/MAB Series #8, 2003
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Smithsonian Institution SI/MAB Biod
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ii 10. Fisheries in the Southern Bo
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Mercy Abwe Dione Dept. of Biology,
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24 Sunderland et al. Table 2. Summa
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26 Sunderland et al. lowland forest
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No. of individuals (n = 315) 200 15
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No. of individuals (n = 1065) 1000
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Gnetum spp. Piper guineensis Site T
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Resource Impacts of seasonality Ava
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