Denmark's National Inventory Report 2005 - Submitted under the ...

lated to the ruminants and in Denmark particularly to cattle, which in 2003 contributed with 85%
of the emission. The emission from the pig production is the second largest source and covering
11% of the total emission from enteric fermentation (Figure 6.3) followed by horses (3%) and sheep
and goats (1%).
6.2.2 Methodological issues
6.2.2.1 Implied emission factor
The implied emission factors for all animal categories are based on a Tier 2 approach. The feeding
consumptions for all animal categories are based on the Danish normative figures (Poulsen et al.
2001). The normative data are based on actual efficacy feeding controls or actual feeding plans at
farm level collected by DAAC or DIAS. For cattle approximately 20% of the herd is included and
for pigs approximately 35% are included. The data is given in Danish feeding units or kg feed stuff
and is converted to mega joule (MJ). In Annex 3 Table 1 and 2 shows the average feed intake for
each livestock category from 1990 to 2003 used in the Danish emission inventory. Annex 3, Table 3-
5 gives additional information about feeding, milk yield and digestibility for cattle. Default values
for the methane conversion rate (Y ) given by IPCC are used for all livestock categories. In CRF
m
table 4.A. in category “Non-dairy Cattle” 6% is mentioned. However, 4% is used for estimating the
emission from the subcategory bull calves.
Table 6.5 shows the implied emission factors for all IPCC livestock categories. Due to changed data
for feeding consumption and allocation of subcategories the implied emission factor may vary
between the years. Cattle and swine are the most important emission sources. The category “Non-
Dairy Cattle” includes calves, heifer, bulls and suckler cows and the implied emission factor is a
weighted average of these different subcategories (Annex 3 – Table 2). The category “Swine” includes
the subcategories sows, piglets and slaughtering pigs.
There is no default values recommended in the IPCC Reference Manual or Good Practice Guidance
for poultry and fur farming. The enteric emission from poultry and fur farming is considered
non-significant.
Table 6.5 Implied emission factor – Enteric Fermentation 1990 – 2003 (CRF table 4.A)
CRF table 4.A 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Kg CH4/head/yr
1a. Dairy Cattle 109.48 109.56 109.63 109.71 116.21 116.32 116.39 116.45 117.22 117.20 117.23 117.22 117.95 117.85
1b. Non-Dairy
Cattle
34.04 34.26 34.41 34.62 34.51 34.64 34.68 35.02 35.01 35.44 35.64 35.89 36.20 36.13
3. Sheep 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17
4. Goats 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15 13.15
6. Horses 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90 23.90
8. Swine 1.07 1.10 1.12 1.10 1.10 1.07 1.11 1.10 1.10 1.13 1.11 1.07 1.08 1.07
9. Poultry NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE
10. Other
(fur farming)
NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE
The increase for the implied emission factor (IEF) for dairy cattle from 1990-2003 is a result of an
increasing feed consumption due to a rising milk yield. In average the milk yield has increase from
6200 litre per cow per year in 1990 to 7900 litre per cow per year in 2003 (Statistics Denmark) (Annex
3, Table 4). The relative big difference in the IEF between 1993 and 1994 is due to the availability
of data from DIAS. For the years 1990-1993 the same data concerning the feed consumption is
used (Laursen, 1987). In 1994 the data were updated (Laursen, 1994) and showed an increase by
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