tial emissions, actual mean differences on calculated CH 4 emissions for 1990-2003 are found to be – 17.8% +9.8%. The final uncertainty on <strong>the</strong> emission factor is from uncertainty estimates in Table 8.9 and with <strong>the</strong> use of GPG Equation 6.4 calculated to Uncertainty of emission factor total % = SQRT(50 2 +30 2 +10 2 +10 2 +17,8 2 ) = 40.8% Table 8.9. Uncertainties for main parameters of emissions of CH 4 for SWDS Parameter Uncertainty Note ________________________________________________________________________________________ The Waste amount sent to SWDS Since <strong>the</strong> amounts are based on MSWT*MSWF 10% weighing at <strong>the</strong> SWDS <strong>the</strong> lower value in GPG is used Degradable Organic Carbon DOC 50% Fraction of DOC dissimilated 30% Methane Correction Factor 10% Methane recovery and Oxidation Factor 10% see <strong>the</strong> text Methane Generation Rate Constant 17,8% see <strong>the</strong> text 8.2.3.2 Time-series consistency and completeness The registration of <strong>the</strong> amount of waste has been done since <strong>the</strong> beginning of <strong>the</strong> 1990s in order to measure <strong>the</strong> effects of action plans. The activity data is <strong>the</strong>refore considered to be consistent long enough to make <strong>the</strong> activity data input to <strong>the</strong> FOD model reliable. The consistency of <strong>the</strong> emissions and <strong>the</strong> emission factor is a result of <strong>the</strong> same methodology and <strong>the</strong> same model used for <strong>the</strong> whole time-series. The parameters in <strong>the</strong> FOD model are <strong>the</strong> same for <strong>the</strong> whole time-series. The use of a model of this type is recommended in IPCC GL and GPG. The Half-life time parameter used is within <strong>the</strong> intervals recommended by IPCC GPG. As regards completeness <strong>the</strong> waste amounts used, as registered in <strong>the</strong> ISAG system, does not only include traditional Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), but also non-MSW as Industrial Waste, Building and Construction Waste and Sludge. The composition of <strong>the</strong>se waste types is according to Danish data used to estimate DOC values for <strong>the</strong> waste types (refer GPG page 5.10). 8.2.4 QA/QC and verification 8.2.4.1 QC-procedure QC-procedure on data input and handling is when <strong>the</strong> CH4 emission results of <strong>the</strong> runs from <strong>the</strong> FOD model are compared/adjusted to <strong>the</strong> CH4 emissions in <strong>the</strong> CRF-tables. 8.2.4.2 QA-procedure It is good practice and a QA-procedure to compare <strong>the</strong> emission estimates included in <strong>the</strong> inventories with <strong>the</strong> IPCC default methodology. In Table 8.10 default methodology is used combining <strong>the</strong> GPG and <strong>the</strong> IPCC GL according to <strong>the</strong> referring text in <strong>the</strong> table. The used parameters are (as on <strong>the</strong> pages of <strong>the</strong> IPCC GL and IPCC GPG) referred to in <strong>the</strong> table. As for <strong>the</strong> calculation of DOC in <strong>the</strong> default methodology <strong>the</strong> Danish data is not suited for direct use. Referring to <strong>the</strong> formula in GPG p5.9 we assume (referring to <strong>the</strong> Table 8.6) that A is “Cardboard”, “Paper”, “Wet Cardboard and Paper”, that B is “Plastic”, “O<strong>the</strong>r 196
Combustible” and “O<strong>the</strong>r not Combustible” and that C is “Waste food”. And we calculated a mean fraction of those categories to be used in <strong>the</strong> default methodology. Table 8.10. IPCC default methodology for CH 4 emissions from SWDS for 1990-2003 Parameter Reference 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Population 1000 cap 5140 5153 5170 5188 5208 5228 5248 5268 5287 5305 5322 5338 5351 5384 MSW Waste generation rate Table 6-1 kg/cap/year 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 1,26 MSWT Waste generation GL Table 6-1 Gg/year 2364 2370 2378 2386 2395 2404 2414 2423 2431 2440 2448 2455 2461 2476 MSWF Fract. of waste to SWDS GL Table 6-1 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 MCF Methan Corr Factor GPG p 5.8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DOC Degr Organic C GPG p 5.9 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 DOCF Fract DOC diss GPG p 5.9 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 F Fractio CH4 in gas GPG p5.10 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 Lo Methan gener. pot GPG p5.8 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 R Danish Energy statistics Gg CH4/year 0,5 0,7 1,4 1,7 4,6 7,4 8,2 11,1 13,2 11,5 11,0 10,0 10,0 8,3 OX Oxid. Factor GPG p5.10 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 CH4 emissions Gg CH4/year 29,7 29,6 29,1 28,9 26,4 24,0 23,5 20,9 19,2 20,8 21,3 22,3 22,4 24,1 The table shows that <strong>the</strong> default methodology <strong>under</strong>estimates both <strong>the</strong> amounts of deposited waste and <strong>the</strong> CH 4 emissions by a factor 2-3. The reason is that <strong>the</strong> default methodology does not seem to include Industrial Waste, which to a high degree is deposited in Denmark, Table 8.8. A fur<strong>the</strong>r option in <strong>the</strong> default methodology is to include <strong>the</strong> registered total waste amount with <strong>the</strong> generation rate of waste for total waste and include <strong>the</strong> fraction of deposited waste to SWDS, Table 8.11. The fraction as well as <strong>the</strong> generation rate for total waste is included in <strong>the</strong> CRF Table 6 A,C “Additional inf”. Table 8.11. As Table 8.10 but with registered fraction of waste deposited to SWDS. Parameter Reference 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Population 1000 cap 5140 5153 5170 5188 5208 5228 5248 5268 5287 5305 5322 5338 5351 5384 MSW Waste generation rate ISAG kg/cap/year 5,4 5,5 5,6 5,7 5,8 6,0 6,7 6,7 6,3 6,3 6,7 6,6 6,7 6,5 MSWT Waste generation GL Table 6-1 Gg/year 10169 10403 10637 10871 11105 11466 12912 12857 12233 12233 13031 12768 13105 12835 MSWF Fract. of waste to SWDS ISAG 0,30 0,28 0,27 0,25 0,23 0,24 0,20 0,16 0,15 0,12 0,11 0,10 0,09 0,08 MCF Methan Corr Factor GPG p 5.8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DOC Degr Organic C GPG p 5.9 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 0,19 DOCF Fract DOC diss GPG p 5.9 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 0,55 F Fractio CH4 in gas GPG p5.10 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 Lo Methan gener. pot GPG p5.8 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 R Danish Energy statistics Gg CH4/year 0,5 0,7 1,4 1,7 4,6 7,4 8,2 11,1 13,2 11,5 11,0 10,0 10,0 8,3 OX Oxid. Factor GPG p5.10 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 CH4 emissions Gg CH4/year 194,9 187,4 178,9 170,2 158,7 168,8 157,4 121,2 105,2 83,3 81,5 72,4 66,2 58,0 The result of this adjusted default methodology is CH 4 emissions, which in <strong>the</strong> beginning of <strong>the</strong> time-series represent highly overestimated emissions and in <strong>the</strong> later part of <strong>the</strong> time-series represent <strong>under</strong>estimated emissions compared to <strong>the</strong> results of <strong>the</strong> FOD model. One explanation is that <strong>the</strong> FOD model reflects <strong>the</strong> ongoing process through <strong>the</strong> years with <strong>the</strong> generation of CH 4 from waste deposited in previous years, while <strong>the</strong> default method only estimates emissions reflecting <strong>the</strong> waste deposited <strong>the</strong> same year. 8.2.5 Recalculations For <strong>the</strong> submissions in <strong>2005</strong> recalculations were carried out as compared to <strong>the</strong> final submission in 2004 of inventories 1990-2002. The recalculation is a minor correction and solely due to updates in <strong>the</strong> energy statistics of <strong>the</strong> uptake of CH by installations at SWDS’ for energy production. For 1998 4 <strong>the</strong> correction of <strong>the</strong> actual CH emission is –4.8% and for <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r years <strong>the</strong> numeric correction is 4 below 3%, refer to recalculation tables of <strong>the</strong> CRF submitted in parallel to this NIR. 197
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National Environmental Research Ins
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National Environmental Research Ins
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Contents Executive summary 9 ES.1.
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4.3 Chemical industry (2B) 122 4.3.
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8.3.6 Recalculations 209 8.3.7 Plan
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Executive summary ES.1. Background
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electricity. Also lower outdoor tem
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• The GHG emission inventories fo
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effekten af de forskellige drivhusg
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Som beskrevet i rapportens kapitel
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1 Introduction 1.1 Background infor
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The role of the European Union The
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Table 1.1 List of current data stru
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1.4 Brief general description of me
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1A2f (Industry-other), 1A3a (Civil
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is calculated. It is found that tha
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(see the reference list at Chapter
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1 Quality control (QC) Quality plan
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The different CCP’s are not indep
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When new data are introduced they c
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Inventory report for year 3 Invento
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The uncertainty on N 2 O from stati
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1.8 General assessment of the compl
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2 Trends in Greenhouse Gas Emission
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to change in traditional stable sys
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from national fishing and off-road
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3 Energy (CRF sector 1) 3.1 Overvie
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Table 3.3 CH 4 emission from the en
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Fuel consumption time-series for st
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Degree days Fuel consumption adjust
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Table 3.7 CO 2 emission from subsec
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The CH 4 emission from stationary c
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3.2.1.3.4 SO , NO , NMVOC and CO 2
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The fuel consumption of area source
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Table 3.12 CH 4 emission factors 19
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− Gruijthuijsen & Jensen 2000 −
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ues from Pulles & Aardenne 2001. Th
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• Disaggregation of fuel consumpt
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3.3.1.1 Fuel consumption Table 3.18
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3-@ 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 19
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1,4 1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 198
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Table 3.19 Emissions of CO 2 , CH 4
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Passenger cars 56% Passenger cars 8
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WRQV@ 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1985 19
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70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000
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The NO X emission trend for Agricul
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Bunkers The most important emission
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à à à à à Ã
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age the emissions from catalyst car
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Where S C is the soak emission, l t
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3.3.2.2 Methodologies and reference
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Table 3.26 Fuel specific emission f
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Where E = emission, FC = fuel consu
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For non-road machinery and working
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Emission factors The Danish greenho
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A comparison of the national approa
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( , 4 = = ( ; 4 + ( , 4 −2
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In the 1990-1999 inventories fugiti
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Table 3.38 Uncertainty, CRF sector
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4 Industrial processes (CRF Sector
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The time-series for emission of CO
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4.2.5 Recalculations No source spec
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4.4 Metal production (2C) 4.4.1 Sou
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Table 4.8 Consumption of HFCs in fo
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The potential emissions have been c
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cedure consisted of a check of the
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Danish Environmental Protection Age
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Table 5.1 Emission of chemicals in
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5.2.2 Methodological issues The emi
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(ii) Collection of data for quantif
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6 The emission of greenhouse gases
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Table 6.2 List of institutes involv
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NERI receives the data from differe
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- Page 189 and 190: Schöne, D. and Schulte, A. (1999).
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- Page 205 and 206: assuming that the treatment is 100%
- Page 207 and 208: intermediate of both processes. Dan
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- Page 223 and 224: Annex 1 Key source analyses Descrip
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- Page 227 and 228: 7DEOHV $ ± $ RI WKH *RRG 3UDFWLFH
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- Page 233 and 234: 1 Introduction The Danish atmospher
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- Page 241 and 242: Kerosene The emission factor 72 kg/
- Page 243 and 244: Illerup 2003. The estimated emissio
- Page 245 and 246: The emission factor for CHP plants
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tricity trade, fuel consumption and
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Figure 3A-6 depicts the time-series
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1A4a Commercial / Institutional 2%
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CO 2 [Tg] 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1990
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Other stationary combustion plants
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1A4a Commercial / Institutional 2%
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only accounted for a small portion
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Electricity and heat production is
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The use of wood in residential boil
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straw consumption in residential pl
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• The IPCC reference approach val
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Table 3A-21 Key sources, stationary
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emission are N 2 O emission (all pl
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enewable fuels has increased. The D
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Jørgensen, L. & Johansen, L. P. 20
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Appendix 3A-1 The Danish emission i
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030203 Blast furnace cowpers 1A2a 0
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Table 3A-28 Detailed fuel consumpti
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1A2f 118 SEWAGE SLUDGE 030311 40162
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Appendix 3A-4 Emission factors Tabl
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Table 3A-33 N 2 O emission factors
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7. Bjerrum M., 2002. Danish Technol
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NOX NATURAL GAS 010105 1A1a 276 241
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019 Enstedvaerket 04 010101 204 GAS
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Table 3A-39 Large point sources, pl
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Appendix 3A-6 Uncertainty estimates
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Table 3A-42 Uncertainty estimation,
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Table 3A-47 Uncertainty estimation,
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Table 3A-49 Fuel category correspon
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Appendix 3A-9 Reference approach Ã
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Table 3A-51 Fuel category correspon
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20201 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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Passenger Cars Diesel >2.0 l Euro I
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Passenger Cars Gasoline 2.0 l Euro
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Buses Urban Buses Conventional 0 19
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Sector Subsector Tech FYear LYear 1
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Sector Subsector Tech FYear LYear 1
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Sector Subsector Tech FYear LYear 1
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Sector Subsector Tech FCu FCr FCh C
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Sector Subsector Tech COu COr COh N
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Sector Subsector Tech COuR COrR COh
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Annex 3B-5: Fuel use factors (MJ/km
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2-wheelers 1999 1.195 1.264 1.578 8
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2-wheelers 1991 6.249 4.379 2.011 6
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2002 Heavy Duty Vehicles 37849451 8
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Annex 3B-7: COPERT III:DEA statisti
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0808 Excavators (wheel type) 1000 1
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0808 Forklifts 5-10 tons (diesel) 0
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0809 Trimmers 60000 0.8 0.5 15 10 1
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1990 80502 Air traffic. other airpo
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2003 80403 Fishing Kerosene 731 4.6
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Year Category Mode SO2 NOx NMVOC CH
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Pollutant CRF ID Unit 1985 1986 198
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Pollutant CRF ID Unit 1985 1986 198
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Uncertainty estimation, CH 4 Gas Ba
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Uncertainty estimation, N 2 O IPCC
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Table. Production of Lime/Hydrated
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Suckling cattle 170.2 Swine Average
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7DEOH 'HWDLOHG LQIRUPDWLRQ UHODWHG
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7DEOH &KDQJHV LQ VWDEOH W\SH ± Liv
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Pullet, consumption, floor (100 pcs
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Annex 3E Solid Waste Disposal on La
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B = Biological N = Nitrification (r
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Table 3E.7. Stabilisation of sludge
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in Table 3E.9. Table 3E.9 Gross emi
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5HFRYHUHG &+ Ã HPLVVLRQV >*J@ 14.
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Annex 3F Solvents National Atmosphe
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83 1-ethyl-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexa
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191 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane 192 2
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299 acetaldehyde 300 acetic acid 30
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407 cyclopentane 408 cyclopenta-phe
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515 methyl naphthalenes 516 methyl
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624 trans-3-hexene 625 trialkyl pho
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Annex 5 Assessment of completeness
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Annex 6.1 Annex 6.1. Additional inf
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Table A6.1.2 ÃÃÃÃ Kingdom DK Ã
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Table A6.1.4 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Kin
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Annex 6.2 Additional information to
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Annex 7 Table 6.1 and 6.2 of the IP
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Annex 8 Other annexes - (Any other
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PM 2.2: An explicit description in
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Correctness The data at level 3 has
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Level 6 Transparency The background
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Table A9.1 ÃÃÃÃ Denmark ÃÃÃ
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Table A9.3 ÃÃÃÃ Denmark ÃÃÃ