Denmark's National Inventory Report 2005 - Submitted under the ...

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The current Danish legislation concerning CO 2 emission from power plants in 2003 and 2004 (Lov nr. 376 1999) is based on standard CO 2 emission factors for each fuel. Thus, so far power plant operators have not been encouraged to estimate CO 2 emission factors based on their own fuel analysis. In future legislation (Lov nr. 493 2004) operators of large power plants are obliged to verify the applied emission factors, which will lead to the availability of improved emission factors for national emission inventories in future. The plants will report CO 2 emissions for 2005 according to this legislation. Table 3A-3 CO 2 emission factors 2003. Ã Ã Ã Ã Coal 95 kg/GJ Country specific Solid Brown coal briquettes 94,6 kg/GJ IPCC reference manual Solid Coke oven coke 108 kg/GJ IPCC reference manual Solid Petroleum coke 92 kg/GJ Country specific Liquid Wood 102 kg/GJ Corinair Biomass Municipal waste 94,5 17,6 kg/GJ Country specific Biomass / Other fuels Straw 102 kg/GJ Country specific Biomass Residual oil 78 kg/GJ Corinair Liquid Gas oil 74 kg/GJ Corinair Liquid Kerosene 72 kg/GJ Corinair Liquid Fish & rape oil 74 kg/GJ Country specific Biomass Orimulsion 80 kg/GJ Country specific Liquid Natural gas 57,19 kg/GJ Country specific Gas LPG 65 kg/GJ Corinair Liquid Refinery gas 56,9 kg/GJ Country specific Liquid Biogas 83,6 kg/GJ Country specific Biomass Coal The emission factor 95 kg/GJ is based on Fenhann & Kilde 1994. The CO emission 2 factors have been confirmed by the two major power plant operators in 1996 (Christiansen 1996 and Andersen 1996). Elsam reconfirmed the factor in 2001 (Christiansen 2001). The same emission factor is applied for 1990-2003. Brown coal briquettes The emission factor 94,6 kg/GJ is based on a default value from the IPCC guidelines assuming full oxidation. The default value in the IPCC guidelines is 25,8 t C/TJ, corresponding to 25,8·(12+2·16)/12 = 94,6 kg CO /GJ assuming full oxidation. 2 236
Coke oven coke The emission factor 108 kg/GJ is based on a default value from the IPCC guidelines assuming full oxidation. The default value in the IPCC guidelines is 29,5 t C/TJ, corresponding to 29,5·(12+2·16)/12 = 108 kg CO /GJ assuming full oxidation. 2 Petroleum coke The emission factor 92 kg/GJ has been estimated by SK Energy (a former major power plant operator in eastern Denmark) in 1999 based on a fuel analysis carried out by dk-Teknik in 1993 (Bech 1999). The emission factor level was confirmed by a new fuel analysis, which, however, is considered confidential. The same emission factor is applied for 1990-2003. Wood The emission factor for wood, 102 kg/GJ, refers to Fenhann & Kilde 1994. The factor is based on the interval stated in a former edition of the EMEP/Corinair Guidebook and the actual value is the default value from the Collector database. The same emission factor is applied for 1990-2003. Municipal waste The CO emission from incineration of municipal waste is divided into two parts: The 2 emission from combustion of the plastic content of the waste, which is included in the national total, and the emission from combustion of the rest of the waste – the biomass part, which is reported as a memo item. The plastic content of waste was estimated to be 6,6 w/w% in 2003 (Hulgaard 2003). The weight share, lower heating values and CO 2 emission factors for different plastic types are estimated by Hulgaard in 2003 (Table 3A-4). The total weight share for plastic and for the various plastic types is assumed to be the same for all years (NERI assumption). Table 3A-4 Data for plastic waste in Danish municipal waste (Hulgaard 2003) 1)2) . Ã ÃÃÃÃ ÃÃÃ kg plastic/ kg municipal waste Ã Ã % of plastic MJ/kg plastic MJ/kg municipal waste Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã g/MJ plastic g/kg municipal waste PE 0,032 48 41 1,312 72,5 95 PS/EPS 0,02 30 37 0,74 86 64 PVC 0,007 11 18 0,126 79 10 Other (PET, PUR, PC, POM, ABS, PA etc.) 0,007 11 24 0,168 95 16 Total Hulgaard 2003 refers to: 0,066 100 35,5 2,346 78,7 185 1) TNO report 2000/119, Eco-efficiency of recovery scenarios of plastic packaging, Appendices, July 2001 by P.G. Eggels, A.M.M. Ansems, B.L. van der Ven, for Association of Plastic Manufacturers in Europe 2) Kost, Thomas, Brennstofftechnische Charakterisierung von Haushaltabfällen, Technische Universität Dresden, Eigenverlag des Forums für Abfallwirtschaft und Altlasten e.V., 2001 Based on emission measurements on 5 municipal waste incineration plants (Jørgensen & Johansen, 2003) the total CO 2 emission factor for municipal waste incineration has been determined to be 112,1 kg/GJ. The CO 2 emission from the biomass part is the total CO 2 emission minus the CO 2 emission from the plastic part. Thus, in 2003 the CO 2 emission factor for the plastic content of waste was estimated to be 185g/kg municipal waste (Table 3A-4). The CO 2 emission per GJ of waste is calcu- 237
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National Environmental Research Ins
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National Environmental Research Ins
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Contents Executive summary 9 ES.1.
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4.3 Chemical industry (2B) 122 4.3.
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8.3.6 Recalculations 209 8.3.7 Plan
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Executive summary ES.1. Background
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electricity. Also lower outdoor tem
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• The GHG emission inventories fo
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effekten af de forskellige drivhusg
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Som beskrevet i rapportens kapitel
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1 Introduction 1.1 Background infor
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The role of the European Union The
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Table 1.1 List of current data stru
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1.4 Brief general description of me
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1A2f (Industry-other), 1A3a (Civil
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is calculated. It is found that tha
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(see the reference list at Chapter
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1 Quality control (QC) Quality plan
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The different CCP’s are not indep
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When new data are introduced they c
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Inventory report for year 3 Invento
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The uncertainty on N 2 O from stati
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1.8 General assessment of the compl
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2 Trends in Greenhouse Gas Emission
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to change in traditional stable sys
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from national fishing and off-road
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3 Energy (CRF sector 1) 3.1 Overvie
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Table 3.3 CH 4 emission from the en
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Fuel consumption time-series for st
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Degree days Fuel consumption adjust
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Table 3.7 CO 2 emission from subsec
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The CH 4 emission from stationary c
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3.2.1.3.4 SO , NO , NMVOC and CO 2
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The fuel consumption of area source
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Table 3.12 CH 4 emission factors 19
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− Gruijthuijsen & Jensen 2000 −
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ues from Pulles & Aardenne 2001. Th
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• Disaggregation of fuel consumpt
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3.3.1.1 Fuel consumption Table 3.18
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3-@ 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 19
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1,4 1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 198
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Table 3.19 Emissions of CO 2 , CH 4
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Passenger cars 56% Passenger cars 8
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WRQV@ 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1985 19
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70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000
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The NO X emission trend for Agricul
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Bunkers The most important emission
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Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã
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age the emissions from catalyst car
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Where S C is the soak emission, l t
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3.3.2.2 Methodologies and reference
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Table 3.26 Fuel specific emission f
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Where E = emission, FC = fuel consu
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For non-road machinery and working
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Emission factors The Danish greenho
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A comparison of the national approa
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( , 4 = = ( ; 4 + ( , 4 −2
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In the 1990-1999 inventories fugiti
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Table 3.38 Uncertainty, CRF sector
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4 Industrial processes (CRF Sector
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The time-series for emission of CO
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4.2.5 Recalculations No source spec
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4.4 Metal production (2C) 4.4.1 Sou
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Table 4.8 Consumption of HFCs in fo
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The potential emissions have been c
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cedure consisted of a check of the
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Danish Environmental Protection Age
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Table 5.1 Emission of chemicals in
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5.2.2 Methodological issues The emi
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(ii) Collection of data for quantif
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6 The emission of greenhouse gases
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Table 6.2 List of institutes involv
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NERI receives the data from differe
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approximately 6%, which nearly corr
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6.3.2 Methodological issues 6.3.2.1
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Table 6.11 Nitrogen excretion, annu
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Table 6.14 Emissions factor - N 2 O
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153
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Table 6.20 Emissions from crop resi
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Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã 80
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6.5 NMVOC emission Less than 1% of
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• This years data delivery agreem
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Husted, 1994: Waste Management, Sea
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7 The Specific methodologies regard
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In 1990, the forested area with tre
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inventory will be quite similar to
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Table 7.4 Data on gross uptake of C
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place during the first 30 years fol
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7.2.5 Recalculations Since the subm
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Table 7.8 Agricultural areas in Den
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7.3.2.1 Emission from mineral soils
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Table 7.17 C-emission from organic
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Table 7.19 Area classification of t
Page 187 and 188: The LULUCF sector contributes to a
Page 189 and 190: Schöne, D. and Schulte, A. (1999).
Page 191 and 192: Table A2.3 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ
Page 193 and 194: As a result the sectoral total in C
Page 195 and 196: Since, the Danish SWDSs are well-ma
Page 197 and 198: Table 8.8. Amounts of waste and CH
Page 199 and 200: Combustible” and “Other not Com
Page 201 and 202: which disaggregation level that can
Page 203 and 204: tion, technical upgrades of the WWT
Page 205 and 206: assuming that the treatment is 100%
Page 207 and 208: intermediate of both processes. Dan
Page 209 and 210: Table 8.19. Uncertainties for main
Page 211 and 212: In general country-specific TOW val
Page 213 and 214: Danish Environmental Protection Age
Page 215 and 216: 9 Other (CRF sector 7) Chapter 9 is
Page 217 and 218: Table 10.1 Recalculation performed
Page 219 and 220: Table 10.2. Recalculation performed
Page 221 and 222: For the Industrial Sector uncertain
Page 223 and 224: Annex 1 Key source analyses Descrip
Page 225 and 226: 7KH UHVXOW RI WKH NH\ VRXUFH DQDO\V
Page 227 and 228: 7DEOHV $ ± $ RI WKH *RRG 3UDFWLFH
Page 229 and 230: Table 3. Key source analysis 1990-2
Page 231 and 232: Annex 3 Other detailed methodologic
Page 233 and 234: 1 Introduction The Danish atmospher
Page 235 and 236: Stationary combustion plants are in
Page 237: Emissions from non-energy use of fu
Page 241 and 242: Kerosene The emission factor 72 kg/
Page 243 and 244: Illerup 2003. The estimated emissio
Page 245 and 246: The emission factor for CHP plants
Page 247 and 248: − Fuel consumption for transport.
Page 249 and 250: tricity trade, fuel consumption and
Page 251 and 252: Figure 3A-6 depicts the time-series
Page 253 and 254: 1A4a Commercial / Institutional 2%
Page 255 and 256: CO 2 [Tg] 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1990
Page 257 and 258: Other stationary combustion plants
Page 259 and 260: 1A4a Commercial / Institutional 2%
Page 261 and 262: only accounted for a small portion
Page 263 and 264: Electricity and heat production is
Page 265 and 266: The use of wood in residential boil
Page 267 and 268: straw consumption in residential pl
Page 269 and 270: • The IPCC reference approach val
Page 271 and 272: Table 3A-21 Key sources, stationary
Page 273 and 274: emission are N 2 O emission (all pl
Page 275 and 276: enewable fuels has increased. The D
Page 277 and 278: Jørgensen, L. & Johansen, L. P. 20
Page 279 and 280: Appendix 3A-1 The Danish emission i
Page 281 and 282: 030203 Blast furnace cowpers 1A2a 0
Page 283 and 284: Table 3A-28 Detailed fuel consumpti
Page 285 and 286: 1A2f 118 SEWAGE SLUDGE 030311 40162
Page 287 and 288: Appendix 3A-4 Emission factors Tabl
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Table 3A-33 N 2 O emission factors
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7. Bjerrum M., 2002. Danish Technol
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NOX NATURAL GAS 010105 1A1a 276 241
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019 Enstedvaerket 04 010101 204 GAS
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Table 3A-39 Large point sources, pl
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Appendix 3A-6 Uncertainty estimates
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Table 3A-42 Uncertainty estimation,
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Table 3A-47 Uncertainty estimation,
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Table 3A-49 Fuel category correspon
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Appendix 3A-9 Reference approach Ã
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Table 3A-51 Fuel category correspon
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20201 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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Passenger Cars Diesel >2.0 l Euro I
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Passenger Cars Gasoline 2.0 l Euro
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Buses Urban Buses Conventional 0 19
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Sector Subsector Tech FYear LYear 1
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Sector Subsector Tech FCu FCr FCh C
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Sector Subsector Tech COu COr COh N
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Sector Subsector Tech COuR COrR COh
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Annex 3B-5: Fuel use factors (MJ/km
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2-wheelers 1999 1.195 1.264 1.578 8
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2-wheelers 1991 6.249 4.379 2.011 6
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2002 Heavy Duty Vehicles 37849451 8
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Annex 3B-7: COPERT III:DEA statisti
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0808 Excavators (wheel type) 1000 1
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0808 Forklifts 5-10 tons (diesel) 0
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0809 Trimmers 60000 0.8 0.5 15 10 1
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1990 80502 Air traffic. other airpo
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2003 80403 Fishing Kerosene 731 4.6
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Year Category Mode SO2 NOx NMVOC CH
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Pollutant CRF ID Unit 1985 1986 198
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Pollutant CRF ID Unit 1985 1986 198
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Uncertainty estimation, CH 4 Gas Ba
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Uncertainty estimation, N 2 O IPCC
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Table. Production of Lime/Hydrated
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Suckling cattle 170.2 Swine Average
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7DEOH 'HWDLOHG LQIRUPDWLRQ UHODWHG
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7DEOH &KDQJHV LQ VWDEOH W\SH ± Liv
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Pullet, consumption, floor (100 pcs
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Annex 3E Solid Waste Disposal on La
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B = Biological N = Nitrification (r
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Table 3E.7. Stabilisation of sludge
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in Table 3E.9. Table 3E.9 Gross emi
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5HFRYHUHG &+ Ã HPLVVLRQV >*J@ 14.
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Annex 3F Solvents National Atmosphe
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83 1-ethyl-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexa
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191 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane 192 2
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299 acetaldehyde 300 acetic acid 30
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407 cyclopentane 408 cyclopenta-phe
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515 methyl naphthalenes 516 methyl
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624 trans-3-hexene 625 trialkyl pho
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Annex 5 Assessment of completeness
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Annex 6.1 Annex 6.1. Additional inf
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Table A6.1.2 ÃÃÃÃ Kingdom DK Ã
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Table A6.1.4 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Kin
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Annex 6.2 Additional information to
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Annex 7 Table 6.1 and 6.2 of the IP
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Annex 8 Other annexes - (Any other
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PM 2.2: An explicit description in
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Correctness The data at level 3 has
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Level 6 Transparency The background
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Table A9.1 ÃÃÃÃ Denmark ÃÃÃ
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Table A9.3 ÃÃÃÃ Denmark ÃÃÃ
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