Denmark's National Inventory Report 2005 - Submitted under the ...

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2.5.2 CH 4 The CH 4 emission factors applied for 2003 are presented in Table 3A-7. In general, the same emission factors have been applied for 1990-2003. However, time-series have been estimated for both natural gas fuelled engines and biogas fuelled engines. Emission factors for gas engines, gas turbines and CHP plants combusting wood, straw or municipal waste all refer to emission measurements carried out on Danish plants (Nielsen & Illerup 2003). Other emission factors refer to the EMEP/Corinair Guidebook (EMEP/Corinair, 2004). Gas engines combusting natural gas or biogas contribute much more to the total CH 4 emission than other stationary combustion plants. The relatively high emission factor for gas engines is well-documented and further discussed below. Table 3A-7 CH 4 emission factors 1990-2003. COAL 1A1a 010101, 010102, 010103 1,5 EMEP/Corinair 2004 COAL 1A1a, 1A2f, 1A4b, 1A4c 010202, 010203, 0301, 0202, 0203 15 EMEP/Corinair 2004 BROWN COAL BRI. all all 15 EMEP/Corinair 2004, assuming same emission factor as for coal COKE OVEN COKE all all 15 EMEP/Corinair 2004, assuming same emission factor as for coal PETROLEUM COKE all all 15 EMEP/Corinair 2004 WOOD AND SIMIL. 1A1a 010102, 010103, 010104 2 Nielsen & Illerup 2003 WOOD AND SIMIL. 1A4a, 1A4b, 1A4c 0201, 0202, 0203 200 EMEP/Corinair 2004 WOOD AND SIMIL. 1A1a, 1A2f 010105, 010202, 010203, 0301, 030102, 030103 32 EMEP/Corinair 2004 MUNICIP. WASTES 1A1a 010102, 010103, 010104, 010105 0,59 Nielsen & Illerup 2003 MUNICIP. WASTES 1A1a, 1A2f, 1A4a all other 6 EMEP/Corinair 2004 STRAW 1A1a 010102, 010103 0,5 Nielsen & Illerup 2003 STRAW 1A1a, 1A2f, 1A4c 010202, 010203, 020302, 030105 32 EMEP/Corinair 2004 STRAW 1A4b, 1A4c 0202, 0203 200 EMEP/Corinair 2004 RESIDUAL OIL all all 3 EMEP/Corinair 2004 GAS OIL all all 1,5 EMEP/Corinair 2004 KEROSENE all all 7 EMEP/Corinair 2004 FISH & RAPE OIL all all 1,5 EMEP/Corinair 2004, assuming same emission factor as gas oil ORIMULSION 1A1a 010101 3 EMEP/Corinair 2004, assuming same emission factor as residual oil NATURAL GAS 1A1a 0101, 010101, 010102, 010202 6 DGC 2001 NATURAL GAS 1A1a 010103, 010203 15 Gruijthuijsen & Jensen 2000 NATURAL GAS 1A1a, 1Ac, 1A2f, 1A4a, Gas turbines: 010104, 010504, 030104, 1,5 Nielsen & Illerup 2003 1A4c 020104, 020303 NATURAL GAS 1A1a, 1A1c, 1A2f, 1A4a, Gas engines: 010105, 010205, 010505, 1) Nielsen & Illerup 2003 1A4b, 1A4c 030105, 020105, 020204, 020304 520 NATURAL GAS 1A1c, 1A2f, 1A4a, 1A4b, 1A4c 010502, 0301, 0201, 0202, 0203 6 DGC 2001 NATURAL GAS 1A2f, 1A4a, 1A4b 030103, 030106, 020103, 020202 15 Gruijthuijsen & Jensen 2000 LPG all all 1 EMEP/Corinair 2004 REFINERY GAS 1A1b 010304 1,5 EMEP/Corinair 2004 BIOGAS 1A1a, 1A1c, 1A2f, 1A4a, Gas engines: 010105, 010505, 030105, 1) Nielsen & Illerup 2003 1A4c 020105, 020304 323 BIOGAS 1A1a, 1A2f, 1A4a, 1A4c all other 4 EMEP/Corinair 2004 1) 2003 emission factor. Time-series is shown below CHP plants A considerable portion of the electricity production in Denmark is based on decentralised CHP plants, and well-documented emission factors for these plants are, therefore, of importance. In a project carried out for the electricity transmission company in Western Denmark, Eltra, emission factors for CHP plants
Illerup 2003. The estimated emission factors were based on existing emission measurements as well as on emission measurements carried out within the project. The number of emission data sets was comprehensive. Emission factors for subgroups of each plant type were estimated, e.g. the CH 4 emission factor for different gas engine types have been determined. Gas engines, natural gas SNAP 010105, 010205, 010505, 030105, 020105, 020204 and 020304 The emission factor for natural gas engines was determined as 520 g/GJ in 2000 and the same emission factor has been applied for 2001 - 2003. The emission factor for natural gas engines was based on 291 emission measurements on 114 different plants. The plants from which emission measurements were available represented 44% of the total gas consumption in gas engines (year 2000). The emission factor was estimated based on fuel consumption of each gas engine type and the emission factor for each engine type. The majority of emission measurements that were not performed within the project related solely to emission of total unburned hydrocarbon (CH 4 + NMVOC). A constant disaggregation factor was estimated based on a number of emission measurements including both CH 4 and NMVOC. The emission factor for lean-burn gas engines is relatively high, especially for prechamber engines, which account for more than half the gas consumption in Danish gas engines. However, the emission factors for different prechamber engine types differ considerably. The installation of natural gas engines in decentralised CHP plants in Denmark has taken place since 1990. The first engines installed were relatively small open-chamber engines and in later years mainly prechamber engines were installed. As mentioned above, prechamber engines have a higher emission factor than open-chamber engines, therefore, the emission factor has changed during the period 1990-2003. A timeseries for the emission factor has been estimated and is presented below (Nielsen & Illerup 2003). The time-series was based on: • Emission factors for different engine types • Data for year of installation for each engine and fuel consumption of each engine 1994-2002 from the Danish Energy Authority (DEA 2003) • Research concerning the CH 4 emission from gas engines carried out in 1997 (Nielsen & Wit 1997) Table 3A-8 Time-series for the CH 4 emission factor for natural gas fuelled engines. Ã 1990 257 1991 299 1992 347 1993 545 1994 604 1995 612 1996 596 1997 534 1998 525 1999 524 2000 520 2001 520 2002 520 2003 520 241
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National Environmental Research Ins
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National Environmental Research Ins
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Contents Executive summary 9 ES.1.
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4.3 Chemical industry (2B) 122 4.3.
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8.3.6 Recalculations 209 8.3.7 Plan
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Executive summary ES.1. Background
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electricity. Also lower outdoor tem
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• The GHG emission inventories fo
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effekten af de forskellige drivhusg
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Som beskrevet i rapportens kapitel
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1 Introduction 1.1 Background infor
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The role of the European Union The
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Table 1.1 List of current data stru
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1.4 Brief general description of me
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1A2f (Industry-other), 1A3a (Civil
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is calculated. It is found that tha
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(see the reference list at Chapter
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1 Quality control (QC) Quality plan
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The different CCP’s are not indep
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When new data are introduced they c
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Inventory report for year 3 Invento
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The uncertainty on N 2 O from stati
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1.8 General assessment of the compl
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2 Trends in Greenhouse Gas Emission
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to change in traditional stable sys
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from national fishing and off-road
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3 Energy (CRF sector 1) 3.1 Overvie
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Table 3.3 CH 4 emission from the en
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Fuel consumption time-series for st
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Degree days Fuel consumption adjust
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Table 3.7 CO 2 emission from subsec
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The CH 4 emission from stationary c
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3.2.1.3.4 SO , NO , NMVOC and CO 2
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The fuel consumption of area source
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Table 3.12 CH 4 emission factors 19
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− Gruijthuijsen & Jensen 2000 −
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ues from Pulles & Aardenne 2001. Th
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• Disaggregation of fuel consumpt
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3.3.1.1 Fuel consumption Table 3.18
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3-@ 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 19
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1,4 1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 198
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Table 3.19 Emissions of CO 2 , CH 4
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Passenger cars 56% Passenger cars 8
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WRQV@ 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1985 19
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70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000
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The NO X emission trend for Agricul
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Bunkers The most important emission
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Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã
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age the emissions from catalyst car
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Where S C is the soak emission, l t
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3.3.2.2 Methodologies and reference
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Table 3.26 Fuel specific emission f
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Where E = emission, FC = fuel consu
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For non-road machinery and working
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Emission factors The Danish greenho
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A comparison of the national approa
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( , 4 = = ( ; 4 + ( , 4 −2
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In the 1990-1999 inventories fugiti
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Table 3.38 Uncertainty, CRF sector
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4 Industrial processes (CRF Sector
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The time-series for emission of CO
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4.2.5 Recalculations No source spec
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4.4 Metal production (2C) 4.4.1 Sou
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Table 4.8 Consumption of HFCs in fo
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The potential emissions have been c
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cedure consisted of a check of the
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Danish Environmental Protection Age
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Table 5.1 Emission of chemicals in
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5.2.2 Methodological issues The emi
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(ii) Collection of data for quantif
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6 The emission of greenhouse gases
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Table 6.2 List of institutes involv
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NERI receives the data from differe
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approximately 6%, which nearly corr
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6.3.2 Methodological issues 6.3.2.1
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Table 6.11 Nitrogen excretion, annu
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Table 6.14 Emissions factor - N 2 O
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153
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Table 6.20 Emissions from crop resi
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Ã Ã Ã Ã Ã 80
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6.5 NMVOC emission Less than 1% of
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• This years data delivery agreem
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Husted, 1994: Waste Management, Sea
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7 The Specific methodologies regard
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In 1990, the forested area with tre
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inventory will be quite similar to
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Table 7.4 Data on gross uptake of C
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place during the first 30 years fol
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7.2.5 Recalculations Since the subm
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Table 7.8 Agricultural areas in Den
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7.3.2.1 Emission from mineral soils
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Table 7.17 C-emission from organic
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Table 7.19 Area classification of t
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The LULUCF sector contributes to a
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Schöne, D. and Schulte, A. (1999).
Page 191 and 192: Table A2.3 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ
Page 193 and 194: As a result the sectoral total in C
Page 195 and 196: Since, the Danish SWDSs are well-ma
Page 197 and 198: Table 8.8. Amounts of waste and CH
Page 199 and 200: Combustible” and “Other not Com
Page 201 and 202: which disaggregation level that can
Page 203 and 204: tion, technical upgrades of the WWT
Page 205 and 206: assuming that the treatment is 100%
Page 207 and 208: intermediate of both processes. Dan
Page 209 and 210: Table 8.19. Uncertainties for main
Page 211 and 212: In general country-specific TOW val
Page 213 and 214: Danish Environmental Protection Age
Page 215 and 216: 9 Other (CRF sector 7) Chapter 9 is
Page 217 and 218: Table 10.1 Recalculation performed
Page 219 and 220: Table 10.2. Recalculation performed
Page 221 and 222: For the Industrial Sector uncertain
Page 223 and 224: Annex 1 Key source analyses Descrip
Page 225 and 226: 7KH UHVXOW RI WKH NH\ VRXUFH DQDO\V
Page 227 and 228: 7DEOHV $ ± $ RI WKH *RRG 3UDFWLFH
Page 229 and 230: Table 3. Key source analysis 1990-2
Page 231 and 232: Annex 3 Other detailed methodologic
Page 233 and 234: 1 Introduction The Danish atmospher
Page 235 and 236: Stationary combustion plants are in
Page 237 and 238: Emissions from non-energy use of fu
Page 239 and 240: Coke oven coke The emission factor
Page 241: Kerosene The emission factor 72 kg/
Page 245 and 246: The emission factor for CHP plants
Page 247 and 248: − Fuel consumption for transport.
Page 249 and 250: tricity trade, fuel consumption and
Page 251 and 252: Figure 3A-6 depicts the time-series
Page 253 and 254: 1A4a Commercial / Institutional 2%
Page 255 and 256: CO 2 [Tg] 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1990
Page 257 and 258: Other stationary combustion plants
Page 259 and 260: 1A4a Commercial / Institutional 2%
Page 261 and 262: only accounted for a small portion
Page 263 and 264: Electricity and heat production is
Page 265 and 266: The use of wood in residential boil
Page 267 and 268: straw consumption in residential pl
Page 269 and 270: • The IPCC reference approach val
Page 271 and 272: Table 3A-21 Key sources, stationary
Page 273 and 274: emission are N 2 O emission (all pl
Page 275 and 276: enewable fuels has increased. The D
Page 277 and 278: Jørgensen, L. & Johansen, L. P. 20
Page 279 and 280: Appendix 3A-1 The Danish emission i
Page 281 and 282: 030203 Blast furnace cowpers 1A2a 0
Page 283 and 284: Table 3A-28 Detailed fuel consumpti
Page 285 and 286: 1A2f 118 SEWAGE SLUDGE 030311 40162
Page 287 and 288: Appendix 3A-4 Emission factors Tabl
Page 289 and 290: Table 3A-33 N 2 O emission factors
Page 291 and 292: 7. Bjerrum M., 2002. Danish Technol
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NOX NATURAL GAS 010105 1A1a 276 241
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019 Enstedvaerket 04 010101 204 GAS
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Table 3A-39 Large point sources, pl
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Appendix 3A-6 Uncertainty estimates
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Table 3A-42 Uncertainty estimation,
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Table 3A-47 Uncertainty estimation,
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Table 3A-49 Fuel category correspon
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Appendix 3A-9 Reference approach Ã
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Table 3A-51 Fuel category correspon
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20201 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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Passenger Cars Diesel >2.0 l Euro I
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Passenger Cars Gasoline 2.0 l Euro
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Buses Urban Buses Conventional 0 19
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Sector Subsector Tech FYear LYear 1
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Sector Subsector Tech FCu FCr FCh C
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Sector Subsector Tech COu COr COh N
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Sector Subsector Tech COuR COrR COh
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Annex 3B-5: Fuel use factors (MJ/km
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2-wheelers 1999 1.195 1.264 1.578 8
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2-wheelers 1991 6.249 4.379 2.011 6
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2002 Heavy Duty Vehicles 37849451 8
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Annex 3B-7: COPERT III:DEA statisti
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0808 Excavators (wheel type) 1000 1
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0808 Forklifts 5-10 tons (diesel) 0
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0809 Trimmers 60000 0.8 0.5 15 10 1
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1990 80502 Air traffic. other airpo
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2003 80403 Fishing Kerosene 731 4.6
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Year Category Mode SO2 NOx NMVOC CH
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Pollutant CRF ID Unit 1985 1986 198
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Pollutant CRF ID Unit 1985 1986 198
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Uncertainty estimation, CH 4 Gas Ba
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Uncertainty estimation, N 2 O IPCC
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Table. Production of Lime/Hydrated
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Suckling cattle 170.2 Swine Average
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7DEOH 'HWDLOHG LQIRUPDWLRQ UHODWHG
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7DEOH &KDQJHV LQ VWDEOH W\SH ± Liv
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Pullet, consumption, floor (100 pcs
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Annex 3E Solid Waste Disposal on La
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B = Biological N = Nitrification (r
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Table 3E.7. Stabilisation of sludge
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in Table 3E.9. Table 3E.9 Gross emi
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5HFRYHUHG &+ Ã HPLVVLRQV >*J@ 14.
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Annex 3F Solvents National Atmosphe
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83 1-ethyl-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexa
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191 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane 192 2
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299 acetaldehyde 300 acetic acid 30
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407 cyclopentane 408 cyclopenta-phe
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515 methyl naphthalenes 516 methyl
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624 trans-3-hexene 625 trialkyl pho
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Annex 5 Assessment of completeness
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Annex 6.1 Annex 6.1. Additional inf
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Table A6.1.2 ÃÃÃÃ Kingdom DK Ã
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Table A6.1.4 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ Kin
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Annex 6.2 Additional information to
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Annex 7 Table 6.1 and 6.2 of the IP
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Annex 8 Other annexes - (Any other
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PM 2.2: An explicit description in
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Correctness The data at level 3 has
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Level 6 Transparency The background
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Table A9.1 ÃÃÃÃ Denmark ÃÃÃ
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Table A9.3 ÃÃÃÃ Denmark ÃÃÃ
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