Combination trucks include all trucks designed to be used in combination with one or more trailers. The average vehicle travel of these trucks (on a per truck basis) far surpasses the travel of other trucks due to long-haul freight movement. Table 8.2 Summary Statistics <strong>for</strong> Combination Trucks, 1970–2000 a Combination trucksb Registrations Vehicle travel Fuel use Fuel economy Year (thousands) (million miles) (million gallons) (miles per gallon) 1970 905 35,134 7,348 4.8 1975 1,131 46,724 9,177 5.1 1980 1,417 68,678 13,037 5.3 1981 1,261 69,134 13,509 5.1 1982 1,265 70,765 13,583 5.2 1983 1,304 73,586 13,796 5.3 1984 1,340 77,377 14,188 5.5 1985 1,403 78,063 14,005 5.6 1986 1,408 81,038 14,475 5.6 1987 1,530 85,495 14,990 5.7 1988 1,667 88,551 15,<strong>22</strong>4 5.8 1989 1,707 91,879 15,733 5.8 1990 1,709 94,341 16,133 5.8 1991 1,691 96,645 16,809 5.7 1992 1,675 99,510 17,216 5.8 1993 1,680 103,116 17,748 5.8 1994 1,681 108,932 18,653 5.8 1995 1,696 115,451 19,777 5.8 1996 1,747 118,899 20,192 5.9 1997 1,790 124,584 20,302 6.1 1998 1,831 128,159 21,100 6.1 1999 2,029 132,384 24,537 5.4 2000 2,097 135,208 25,645 5.3 Source: U. S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics 2000, Washington, DC, 2001, Table VM1 and annual. (Additional resources: www.fhwa.dot.gov) Note: Highway Statistics 1999 data were not used. a The Federal Highway Administration changed the combination truck travel methodology in 1993. b The fuel economy <strong>for</strong> combination trucks is not the same as the fuel economy <strong>for</strong> Class 8 trucks. Fuel economy <strong>for</strong> Class 8 trucks is shown in Table 8.5. <strong>TRANSPORTATION</strong> <strong>ENERGY</strong> <strong>DATA</strong> <strong>BOOK</strong>: <strong>EDITION</strong> <strong>22</strong>—2002 8–3
<strong>TRANSPORTATION</strong> <strong>ENERGY</strong> <strong>DATA</strong> <strong>BOOK</strong>: <strong>EDITION</strong> <strong>22</strong>—2002 Sales of the medium trucks, classes 3–6 rose substantially in 1998. Light trucks under 10,000 lbs., continue to dominate truck sales. Class 1 6,000 lbs. or less Class 2 6,001– 10,000 lbs. a Sales include domestic-sponsored imports. b Data <strong>for</strong> 1970 is based on new truck registrations. c Data are not available. Table 8.3 New Retail Truck Sales by Gross Vehicle Weight, 1970–2001 a Class 3 10,001– 14,000 lbs. Class 4 14,001– 16,000 lbs. (thousands) Class 5 16,001– 19,500 lbs. Class 6 19,501– 26,000 lbs. Class 7 26,001– 33,000 lbs. Class 8 33,001 lbs. and over Total Calendar year Domestic sales (import data are not available) 1970 b 1,049 408 6 12 58 133 36 89 1,791 1975 1,101 952 23 1 9 159 23 83 2,351 1980 985 975 4 c 2 90 58 117 2,231 1981 896 850 1 c 2 72 51 100 1,972 1982 1,102 961 1 c 1 44 62 76 2,248 1983 1,314 1,207 c c 1 47 59 82 2,710 1984 2,031 1,<strong>22</strong>4 6 c 5 55 78 138 3,538 1985 2,408 1,280 11 c 5 48 97 134 3,983 Domestic and import sales 1986 3,380 1,214 12 c 6 45 101 113 4,870 1987 3,435 1,175 14 2 8 44 103 131 4,912 1988 3,467 1,333 14 21 8 54 103 148 5,149 1989 3,313 1,297 19 27 7 39 93 145 4,942 1990 3,451 1,097 21 27 5 38 85 121 4,846 1991 3,246 876 21 24 3 <strong>22</strong> 73 99 4,365 1992 3,608 1,021 26 26 4 28 73 119 4,903 1993 4,119 1,232 27 33 4 27 81 158 5,681 1994 4,527 1,506 35 44 4 20 98 186 6,421 1995 4,4<strong>22</strong> 1,631 40 53 4 23 107 201 6,481 1996 4,829 1,690 52 59 7 19 104 170 6,930 1997 5,085 1,712 53 57 9 18 114 179 7,<strong>22</strong>6 1998 5,263 2,036 102 43 25 32 115 209 7,826 1999 5,707 2,366 1<strong>22</strong> 49 30 48 130 262 8,716 2000 5,965 2,421 117 47 29 51 123 212 8,965 2001 6,073 2,525 102 52 24 42 92 140 9,050 Average annual percentage change 1970–1985 5.7% 7.9% 4.1% - -15.1% -6.6% 6.8% 2.8% 5.5% 1986–2001 Source: 4.0% 5.0% 15.3% - 9.7% -0.5% -0.6% 1.4% 4.2% Ward’s Communication’s, Motor Vehicle Facts and Figures 2000, Southfield, MI, 2000, p. 24, and annual. (Additional resources: www.wardsauto.com) 8–4
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Users of the Transportation Energy
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vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Ta
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
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xvi TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK
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xxii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOO
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1-2 Although the world has consumed
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1-4 This table shows petroleum prod
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1-6 Figure 1.2. World Oil Reserves,
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1-8 This chart shows the volatility
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1-10 a First two quarters of 2001.
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1-12 Other parts of the world refin
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1-14 When crude oil and other hydro
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1-16 The U.S. share of the world’
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1-18 Transportation accounts for mo
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Source Chapter 2 Energy Summary Sta
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The Energy Information Administrati
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Oxygenates are blended with gasolin
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The 1999 data have been revised to
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About 22% of transportation energy
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The Federal Highway Administration
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Nearly all of the fuel ethanol used
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Great care should be taken when com
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Figure 2.3. Energy Intensities for
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Great care should be taken when com
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Chapter 3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
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Global Warming Potentials (GWP) wer
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Gases which contain carbon can be m
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The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
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Source Chapter 4 Criteria Air Pollu
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The transportation sector accounted
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The transportation sector accounted
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The transportation sector accounted
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The transportation sector accounted
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Historically, the transportation se
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Acronyms and Terms Used on Table 4.
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Table 4. 13 (Continued) Fuel-Cycle
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Table 4.14 Tier 2 Emission Standard
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5-8 The fuel prices shown here are
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5-10 Table 5.7 State Taxes on Motor
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5-12 As of January 2001, only five
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5-14 In current dollars, import car
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6-4 VEHICLES IN USE Both the Federa
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6-6 The line on this graph shows th
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12-14 This table on transit rail op
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A-2 List of Abbreviations Used in A
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A-4 Motorcycles Buses DOT, FHWA, Hi
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A-8 Off-highway energy use Diesel:
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A-10 Domestic and International Air
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A-12 Recreational Boating: Fuel use
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A-14 Year Natural gas (million cubi
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A-16 Passenger: Commuter - APTA, 20
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A-18 Calculation of Million Barrels
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A-20 Motorcycles Number of vehicles
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A-22 Transit Number of vehicles, ve
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A-32 Sales - Domestic and import to
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A-34 Light Fleet Vehicle Travel Aut
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APPENDIX B CONVERSIONS A Note About
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Table B.2 Fuel Equivalents 1 millio
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Table B.5 Distance and Velocity Con
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FROM Horsepower Kilowatts Table B.8
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Table B.10 Fuel Efficiency Conversi
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Table B.12 Metric Units and Abbrevi
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GLOSSARY Acceleration power - Measu
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Bunkering fuels - Fuels stored in s
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Crude oil imports - The volume of c
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Kerosene - A petroleum distillate i
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Natural gas, wet: The volume of nat
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of petroleum products, and the prim
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Sales period - October 1 of the pre
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I-2 Acquisitions Federal Fleet Vehi
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I-6 Certificated Summary Statistics
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I-8 Consumption (continued) U.S. Ca
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I-10 Distance Long-Distance Trips b
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I-14 Exhaust (continued) Federal Ex
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I-16 Fuel-Cycle Energy and Greenhou
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I-18 Tax Receipts from the Sale of
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I-20 Tonnage Statistics for Domesti
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I-22 Vehicle-Miles by Trip Purpose,
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I-24 Occupant Fatalities by Vehicle
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I-26 PM PMT Policy United States Pe
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I-28 Summary Statistics for Commute
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I-30 versus Sales-Weighted Fuel Eco
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I-32 Federal Exhaust Emission Certi
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I-34 Surveys Growth of Freight in t
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I-36 Trips Truck Household 1969, 19
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I-40 Weighted Sales-Weighted Engine