TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 22 - Center for ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

12–12 The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, known as Amtrak, began operation in 1971. Though Amtrak revenue passenger-miles have grown at an average annual rate of 3.6% from 1971 to 2000, they showed a small decline in annual percentage change from 1990 to 2000. Year Table 12.11 Summary Statistics for the National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak), 1971–2000 Number of locomotives in service Number of passenger cars Train-miles (thousands) Car-miles (thousands) Revenue passengermiles (millions) Average trip length (miles) a Data are not available. b Energy use for 1994 on is not directly comparable to earlier years. Some commuter rail energy use may have been inadvertently included in earlier years. TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 22—2002 Energy intensity (Btu per revenue passenger-mile) Energy use (trillion Btu) 1971 a 1,165 16,537 140,147 1,993 188 a a 1975 355 1,913 30,166 253,898 3,753 224 3,677 13.8 1980 448 2,128 29,487 235,235 4,503 217 3,176 14.3 1981 398 1,830 30,380 222,753 4,397 226 2,979 13.1 1982 396 1,929 28,833 217,385 3,993 220 3,156 12.6 1983 388 1,880 28,805 223,509 4,227 223 2,957 12.5 1984 387 1,844 29,133 234,557 4,427 227 3,027 13.4 1985 382 1,818 30,038 250,642 4,785 238 2,800 13.4 1986 369 1,793 28,604 249,665 5,011 249 2,574 12.9 1987 381 1,850 29,515 261,054 5,361 259 2,537 13.6 1988 391 1,845 30,221 277,774 5,686 265 2,462 14.0 1989 312 1,742 31,000 285,255 5,859 274 2,731 16.0 1990 318 1,863 33,000 300,996 6,057 273 2,609 15.8 1991 316 1,786 34,000 312,484 6,273 285 2,503 15.7 1992 336 1,796 34,000 307,282 6,091 286 2,610 15.9 1993 360 1,853 34,936 302,739 6,199 280 2,646 16.4 1994 411 1,874 34,940 305,600 5,869 276 2,357 13.8b 1995 422 1,907 31,579 282,579 5,401 266 2,590 14.0 1996 348 1,501 30,542 277,750 5,066 257 2,792 14.1 1997 292 1,572 32,000 287,760 5,166 255 2,918 15.1 1998 362 1,347 32,926 315,823 5,325 251 2,900 15.4 1999 385 1,285 34,080 349,337 5,289 245 3,062 16.2 2000 385 1,891 35,404 371,215 5,574 243 2,902 16.2 Average annual percentage change 1971–2000 a 1.7% 2.7% 3.4% 3.6% 0.9% a a 1990–2000 1.9% 0.1% 0.7% 2.1% -0.8% -1.2% 1.1% 0.3% Source: 1971–83- Association of American Railroads, Economics and Finance Department, Statistics of Class I Railroads, Washington, DC, and annual. 1984–88- Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts, 1988 Edition, Washington, DC, December 1989, p. 61, and annual. 1989–93- Personal communication with the Corporate Accounting Office of Amtrak, Washington, D.C. 1994–2000 - Number of locomotives in service, number of passenger cars, train-miles, car-miles, revenue passenger-miles, and average trip length - Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts, 2001 Edition, Washington, DC, 2002, p. 77. Energy use - Personal communication with the Amtrak, Washington, DC. (Additional resources: www.amtrak.com, www.aar.org)
Commuter rail, which is also known as regional rail or suburban rail, is long-haul rail passenger service operating between metropolitan and suburban areas, whether within or across state lines. Commuter rail lines usually have reduced fares for multiple rides and commutation tickets for regular, recurring riders. Year Number of passenger vehicles Table 12.12 Summary Statistics for Commuter Rail Operations, 1984–2000 Vehiclemiles (millions) Passenger trips (millions) Passengermiles (millions) Average trip length (miles) TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 22—2002 Energy intensity (Btu/ passengermile) Energy use (trillion Btu) 1984 4,075 167.9 267 6,207 23.2 3,011 18.7 1985 4,035 182.7 275 6,534 23.8 3,053 20.0 1986 4,440 188.6 306 6,723 22.0 3,174 21.3 1987 4,686 188.9 311 6,818 21.9 3,043 20.7 1988 4,649 202.2 325 6,964 21.4 3,075 21.4 1989 4,472 209.6 330 7,211 21.9 3,120 22.5 1990 4,415 212.7 328 7,082 21.6 3,068 21.7 1991 4,370 214.9 318 7,344 23.1 3,011 22.1 1992 4,413 218.8 314 7,320 23.3 2,848 20.8 1993 4,494 223.9 322 6,940 21.6 3,222 22.4 1994 4,517 230.8 339 7,996 23.6 2,904 23.2 1995 4,565 237.7 344 8,244 24.0 2,849 23.5 1996 4,665 241.9 352 8,351 23.7 2,796 23.3 1997 4,943 250.7 357 8,038 22.5 2,949 23.7 1998 4,963 259.5 381 8,704 22.8 2,859 24.9 1999 4,883 265.9 396 8,766 22.1 2,929 25.7 2000 5,073 270.9 413 9,402 22.8 2,759 25.9 Average annual percentage change 1984–2000 1.4% 3.0% 2.8% 2.6% -0.1% -0.5% 2.1% 1990–2000 1.4% 2.4% 2.3% 2.9% 0.5% -1.1% -20.8% Source: American Public Transportation Association, 2002 Public Transportation Fact Book, Washington, DC, February 2002, pp. 66, 70, 78, 83, 112,114. 12–13
Page 1 and 2:
Center for Transportation Analysis
Page 3:
Users of the Transportation Energy
Page 6 and 7:
vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Ta
Page 8 and 9:
viii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page 10 and 11:
x TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) CHA
Page 12 and 13:
xii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
Page 14 and 15:
xiv TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
Page 16 and 17:
xvi TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK
Page 18 and 19:
xviii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BO
Page 20 and 21:
xx TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK:
Page 22 and 23:
xxii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOO
Page 24 and 25:
1-2 Although the world has consumed
Page 26 and 27:
1-4 This table shows petroleum prod
Page 28 and 29:
1-6 Figure 1.2. World Oil Reserves,
Page 30 and 31:
1-8 This chart shows the volatility
Page 32 and 33:
1-10 a First two quarters of 2001.
Page 34 and 35:
1-12 Other parts of the world refin
Page 36 and 37:
1-14 When crude oil and other hydro
Page 38 and 39:
1-16 The U.S. share of the world’
Page 40 and 41:
1-18 Transportation accounts for mo
Page 42 and 43:
Source Chapter 2 Energy Summary Sta
Page 44 and 45:
The Energy Information Administrati
Page 46 and 47:
Oxygenates are blended with gasolin
Page 48 and 49:
The 1999 data have been revised to
Page 50 and 51:
About 22% of transportation energy
Page 52 and 53:
The Federal Highway Administration
Page 54 and 55:
Nearly all of the fuel ethanol used
Page 56 and 57:
Great care should be taken when com
Page 58 and 59:
Figure 2.3. Energy Intensities for
Page 60 and 61:
Great care should be taken when com
Page 62 and 63:
Chapter 3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Page 64 and 65:
Global Warming Potentials (GWP) wer
Page 66 and 67:
Gases which contain carbon can be m
Page 68 and 69:
The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
Page 70 and 71:
GV: FRFG (btu/mile or grams/mile) T
Page 72 and 73:
Source Chapter 4 Criteria Air Pollu
Page 74 and 75:
The transportation sector accounted
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Historically, the transportation se
Page 86 and 87:
Acronyms and Terms Used on Table 4.
Page 88 and 89:
Table 4. 13 (Continued) Fuel-Cycle
Page 90 and 91:
Table 4.14 Tier 2 Emission Standard
Page 92 and 93:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
Page 94 and 95:
Table 4.18 Federal Exhaust Emission
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
California's Low-Emission Vehicle r
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
5-6 Though the cost of crude oil ce
Page 108 and 109:
5-8 The fuel prices shown here are
Page 110 and 111:
5-10 Table 5.7 State Taxes on Motor
Page 112 and 113:
5-12 As of January 2001, only five
Page 114 and 115:
5-14 In current dollars, import car
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
5-18 In 1999 there were 7.7 employe
Page 120 and 121:
5-20 Eleven percent of employed civ
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
6-4 VEHICLES IN USE Both the Federa
Page 126 and 127:
6-6 The line on this graph shows th
Page 128 and 129:
6-8 The trend of using two-axle, fo
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
6-12 The average age of trucks (cla
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
7-2 The Federal Highway Administrat
Page 142 and 143:
7-4 Because data on Class 2b trucks
Page 144 and 145:
7-6 In 2000, light trucks, which in
Page 146 and 147:
7-8 Light truck sales have more tha
Page 148 and 149:
7-10 This graph shows the emergence
Page 150 and 151:
7-12 Table 7.11 Sales-Weighted Engi
Page 152 and 153:
7-14 The sales-weighted interior sp
Page 154 and 155:
7-16 The average auto lost over 300
Page 156 and 157:
7-18 The number of conventional ref
Page 158 and 159:
7-20 The Corporate Average Fuel Eco
Page 160 and 161:
7-22 Consumers must pay the Gas Guz
Page 162 and 163:
7-24 Fuel Economy by Vehicle Speed
Page 164 and 165:
7-26 The two earlier studies by the
Page 166 and 167:
7-28 Of the tested vehicles, the 19
Page 168 and 169:
7-30 The New York Test Cycle was de
Page 170 and 171:
7-32 Researchers at Argonne Nationa
Page 172 and 173:
7-34 Total traffic fatalities were
Page 174 and 175:
7-36 In 2000, nearly 38% of all pas
Page 176 and 177:
Source Chapter 8 Heavy Vehicles and
Page 178 and 179:
Combination trucks include all truc
Page 180 and 181:
Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Th
Page 182 and 183:
As expected, most light trucks trav
Page 184 and 185:
In 1997 nearly 60% of all truck fle
Page 186 and 187:
Commodity Flow Survey The Commodity
Page 188 and 189:
Industries covered by the 1997 Comm
Page 190 and 191: There are currently not many source
Page 192 and 193: 9-2 Alternative Fuels The U.S. Depa
Page 194 and 195: 9-4 Nearly 90% of private alternati
Page 196 and 197: 9-6 This list includes public and p
Page 198 and 199: 9-8 The Honda Insight, Civic Hybrid
Page 200 and 201: 10-2 Significant changes have been
Page 202 and 203: 10-4 The average length of service
Page 204 and 205: 10-6 Table 10.5 Federal Government
Page 206 and 207: 10-8 The Energy Policy Act of 1992
Page 208 and 209: 11-2 Vehicle-miles are growing at a
Page 210 and 211: TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
Page 212 and 213: 11-6 1995 Nationwide Personal Trans
Page 214 and 215: 11-8 The 1995 NPTS data should be c
Page 216 and 217: 11-10 Vans and sport utility vehicl
Page 218 and 219: 11-12 Less than 27% of all househol
Page 220 and 221: 11-14 Historically, the data from t
Page 222 and 223: 11-16 According to the U.S. Census
Page 224 and 225: 11-18 Sales of bicycles with wheel
Page 226 and 227: 11-20 1995 American Travel Survey T
Page 228 and 229: 11-22 Those with a household income
Page 232 and 233: 12-4 In the early seventies, domest
Page 236 and 237: 12-8 The Interstate Commerce Commis
Page 238 and 239: 12-10 The “other” category, whi
Page 242 and 243: 12-14 This table on transit rail op
Page 244 and 245: A-2 List of Abbreviations Used in A
Page 246 and 247: A-4 Motorcycles Buses DOT, FHWA, Hi
Page 248 and 249: A-6 Trucks Light Trucks: DOT, FHWA,
Page 250 and 251: A-8 Off-highway energy use Diesel:
Page 252 and 253: A-10 Domestic and International Air
Page 254 and 255: A-12 Recreational Boating: Fuel use
Page 256 and 257: A-14 Year Natural gas (million cubi
Page 258 and 259: A-16 Passenger: Commuter - APTA, 20
Page 260 and 261: A-18 Calculation of Million Barrels
Page 262 and 263: A-20 Motorcycles Number of vehicles
Page 264 and 265: A-22 Transit Number of vehicles, ve
Page 266 and 267: A-24 Light trucks Btu per vehicle-m
Page 268 and 269: A-26 Truck Freight Movement and Ene
Page 270 and 271: A-28 Automobiles Highway Vehicle St
Page 272 and 273: A-30 Then, the number of trucks in
Page 274 and 275: A-32 Sales - Domestic and import to
Page 276 and 277: A-34 Light Fleet Vehicle Travel Aut
Page 278 and 279: APPENDIX B CONVERSIONS A Note About
Page 280 and 281: Table B.2 Fuel Equivalents 1 millio
Page 282 and 283: Table B.5 Distance and Velocity Con
Page 284 and 285: FROM Horsepower Kilowatts Table B.8
Page 286 and 287: Table B.10 Fuel Efficiency Conversi
Page 288 and 289: Table B.12 Metric Units and Abbrevi
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
APPENDIX C CENSUS DIVISIONS AND REG
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
GLOSSARY Acceleration power - Measu
Page 298 and 299:
Bunkering fuels - Fuels stored in s
Page 300 and 301:
Crude oil imports - The volume of c
Page 302 and 303:
volume. There are other fuels that
Page 304 and 305:
Kerosene - A petroleum distillate i
Page 306 and 307:
Natural gas, wet: The volume of nat
Page 308 and 309:
of petroleum products, and the prim
Page 310 and 311:
Sales period - October 1 of the pre
Page 312 and 313:
Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey -
Page 314 and 315:
I-2 Acquisitions Federal Fleet Vehi
Page 316 and 317:
I-4 Average Annual Expenditures of
Page 318 and 319:
I-6 Certificated Summary Statistics
Page 320 and 321:
I-8 Consumption (continued) U.S. Ca
Page 322 and 323:
I-10 Distance Long-Distance Trips b
Page 324 and 325:
I-12 Emissions World Carbon Emissio
Page 326 and 327:
I-14 Exhaust (continued) Federal Ex
Page 328 and 329:
I-16 Fuel-Cycle Energy and Greenhou
Page 330 and 331:
I-18 Tax Receipts from the Sale of
Page 332 and 333:
I-20 Tonnage Statistics for Domesti
Page 334 and 335:
I-22 Vehicle-Miles by Trip Purpose,
Page 336 and 337:
I-24 Occupant Fatalities by Vehicle
Page 338 and 339:
I-26 PM PMT Policy United States Pe
Page 340 and 341:
I-28 Summary Statistics for Commute
Page 342 and 343:
I-30 versus Sales-Weighted Fuel Eco
Page 344 and 345:
I-32 Federal Exhaust Emission Certi
Page 346 and 347:
I-34 Surveys Growth of Freight in t
Page 348 and 349:
I-36 Trips Truck Household 1969, 19
Page 350 and 351:
I-38 Vehicle-Miles by Trip Purpose,
Page 352:
I-40 Weighted Sales-Weighted Engine
show all

TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 22 - Center for ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?