TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 22 - Center for ...

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About 22% of transportation energy use is for nonhighway modes. Air travel accounts for nearly half of nonhighway energy use. Table 2.7 Nonhighway Transportation Energy Consumption by Mode, 1970–2000 a (trillion Btu) Year Air Water Pipeline Rail Nonhighway subtotal a These data have been revised slightly. See Appendix A for detailed methodologies. b Total transportation figures do not include military and off-highway energy use and may not include all possible uses of fuel for transportation (e.g. snowmobiles). TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 22—2002 Total transportation b 1970 1,307 753 995 558 3,614 15,320 1975 1,274 851 844 563 3,533 17,356 1976 1,333 1,010 807 585 3,735 18,426 1977 1,372 1,200 790 595 3,957 19,179 1978 1,417 1,405 787 592 4,201 20,120 1979 1,488 1,626 864 611 4,588 20,135 1980 1,437 1,424 900 592 4,353 18,982 1981 1,455 1,642 909 565 4,570 19,121 1982 1,442 1,378 859 485 4,164 18,556 1983 1,450 1,277 743 482 3,952 18,687 1984 1,603 1,315 785 538 4,242 19,317 1985 1,677 1,316 758 504 4,255 19,659 1986 1,823 1,314 738 494 4,369 20,278 1987 1,899 1,338 775 505 4,517 20,741 1988 1,978 1,358 878 518 4,732 21,280 1989 1,981 1,399 894 523 4,797 21,579 1990 2,077 1,508 928 514 5,026 21,689 1991 1,940 1,586 864 485 4,875 21,280 1992 1,971 1,659 849 497 4,977 21,939 1993 1,990 1,497 889 512 4,888 22,396 1994 2,070 1,449 955 546 5,021 22,997 1995 2,141 1,523 971 567 5,202 23,536 1996 2,206 1,460 984 580 5,229 24,042 1997 2,300 1,309 1,027 581 5,217 24,405 1998 2,371 1,295 901 585 5,153 24,839 1999 2,471 1,435 912 607 5,424 26,033 2000 2,549 1,720 911 605 5,785 26,515 Average annual percentage change 1970–2000 2.3% 2.8% -0.3% 0.3% 1.6% 1.8% 1990–2000 2.1% 1.3% -0.2% 1.6% 1.4% 2.0% Source: See Appendix A for Nonhighway Energy Use. 2–9
2–10 The use of diesel for off-highway purposes has grown from 1985 to 2000, while the use of gasoline has declined for both agriculture and construction. a Unadjusted sales of distillate fuel oil. Table 2.8 Off-Highway Use of Gasoline and Diesel, 1985–2000 (trillion btu) Agriculture Construction Total Year Gasoline Diesela Gasoline Diesela Gasoline Diesela 1985 135 430 31 211 166 641 1986 121 463 34 230 155 693 1987 115 416 35 216 150 632 1988 101 439 34 232 135 671 1989 103 466 37 234 140 700 1990 85 472 40 251 125 723 1991 97 438 35 228 132 666 1992 101 485 34 244 135 729 1993 106 473 31 292 137 765 1994 113 454 33 299 146 753 1995 116 482 35 301 151 783 1996 115 498 35 312 150 810 1997 123 492 38 316 161 808 1998 113 473 29 344 142 817 1999 88 473 22 345 110 818 2000 82 479 24 359 106 838 Average annual percentage change 1985–2000 -3.3% 0.7% -1.7% 3.6% -2.9% 1.8% 1990–2000 -0.4% 0.1% -5.0% 3.6% -1.6% 1.5% Source: Gasoline: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics 2000, Washington, DC, Table MF-24, and annual. Diesel: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales 2000, Washington, DC, Table 1, and annual. TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 22—2002
Page 1 and 2: Center for Transportation Analysis
Page 3: Users of the Transportation Energy
Page 6 and 7: vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Ta
Page 8 and 9: viii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page 10 and 11: x TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) CHA
Page 12 and 13: xii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
Page 14 and 15: xiv TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
Page 16 and 17: xvi TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK
Page 18 and 19: xviii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BO
Page 20 and 21: xx TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK:
Page 22 and 23: xxii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOO
Page 24 and 25: 1-2 Although the world has consumed
Page 26 and 27: 1-4 This table shows petroleum prod
Page 28 and 29: 1-6 Figure 1.2. World Oil Reserves,
Page 30 and 31: 1-8 This chart shows the volatility
Page 32 and 33: 1-10 a First two quarters of 2001.
Page 34 and 35: 1-12 Other parts of the world refin
Page 36 and 37: 1-14 When crude oil and other hydro
Page 38 and 39: 1-16 The U.S. share of the world’
Page 40 and 41: 1-18 Transportation accounts for mo
Page 42 and 43: Source Chapter 2 Energy Summary Sta
Page 44 and 45: The Energy Information Administrati
Page 46 and 47: Oxygenates are blended with gasolin
Page 48 and 49: The 1999 data have been revised to
Page 52 and 53: The Federal Highway Administration
Page 54 and 55: Nearly all of the fuel ethanol used
Page 56 and 57: Great care should be taken when com
Page 58 and 59: Figure 2.3. Energy Intensities for
Page 60 and 61: Great care should be taken when com
Page 62 and 63: Chapter 3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Page 64 and 65: Global Warming Potentials (GWP) wer
Page 66 and 67: Gases which contain carbon can be m
Page 68 and 69: The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
Page 70 and 71: GV: FRFG (btu/mile or grams/mile) T
Page 72 and 73: Source Chapter 4 Criteria Air Pollu
Page 74 and 75: The transportation sector accounted
Page 84 and 85: Historically, the transportation se
Page 86 and 87: Acronyms and Terms Used on Table 4.
Page 88 and 89: Table 4. 13 (Continued) Fuel-Cycle
Page 90 and 91: Table 4.14 Tier 2 Emission Standard
Page 92 and 93: TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
Page 94 and 95: Table 4.18 Federal Exhaust Emission
Page 100 and 101:
California's Low-Emission Vehicle r
Page 102 and 103:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
5-6 Though the cost of crude oil ce
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5-8 The fuel prices shown here are
Page 110 and 111:
5-10 Table 5.7 State Taxes on Motor
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5-12 As of January 2001, only five
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5-14 In current dollars, import car
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5-18 In 1999 there were 7.7 employe
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5-20 Eleven percent of employed civ
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6-4 VEHICLES IN USE Both the Federa
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6-6 The line on this graph shows th
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6-8 The trend of using two-axle, fo
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6-12 The average age of trucks (cla
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Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
7-2 The Federal Highway Administrat
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7-4 Because data on Class 2b trucks
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7-6 In 2000, light trucks, which in
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7-8 Light truck sales have more tha
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7-10 This graph shows the emergence
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7-12 Table 7.11 Sales-Weighted Engi
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7-14 The sales-weighted interior sp
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7-16 The average auto lost over 300
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7-18 The number of conventional ref
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7-20 The Corporate Average Fuel Eco
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7-22 Consumers must pay the Gas Guz
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7-24 Fuel Economy by Vehicle Speed
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7-26 The two earlier studies by the
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7-28 Of the tested vehicles, the 19
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7-30 The New York Test Cycle was de
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7-32 Researchers at Argonne Nationa
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7-34 Total traffic fatalities were
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7-36 In 2000, nearly 38% of all pas
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Source Chapter 8 Heavy Vehicles and
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Combination trucks include all truc
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Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Th
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As expected, most light trucks trav
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In 1997 nearly 60% of all truck fle
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Commodity Flow Survey The Commodity
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Industries covered by the 1997 Comm
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There are currently not many source
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9-2 Alternative Fuels The U.S. Depa
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9-4 Nearly 90% of private alternati
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9-6 This list includes public and p
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9-8 The Honda Insight, Civic Hybrid
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10-2 Significant changes have been
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10-4 The average length of service
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10-6 Table 10.5 Federal Government
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10-8 The Energy Policy Act of 1992
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11-2 Vehicle-miles are growing at a
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11-6 1995 Nationwide Personal Trans
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11-8 The 1995 NPTS data should be c
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11-10 Vans and sport utility vehicl
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11-12 Less than 27% of all househol
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11-14 Historically, the data from t
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11-16 According to the U.S. Census
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11-18 Sales of bicycles with wheel
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11-20 1995 American Travel Survey T
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11-22 Those with a household income
Page 230 and 231:
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12-4 In the early seventies, domest
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12-8 The Interstate Commerce Commis
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12-10 The “other” category, whi
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12-12 The National Railroad Passeng
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12-14 This table on transit rail op
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A-2 List of Abbreviations Used in A
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A-4 Motorcycles Buses DOT, FHWA, Hi
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A-6 Trucks Light Trucks: DOT, FHWA,
Page 250 and 251:
A-8 Off-highway energy use Diesel:
Page 252 and 253:
A-10 Domestic and International Air
Page 254 and 255:
A-12 Recreational Boating: Fuel use
Page 256 and 257:
A-14 Year Natural gas (million cubi
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A-16 Passenger: Commuter - APTA, 20
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A-18 Calculation of Million Barrels
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A-20 Motorcycles Number of vehicles
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A-22 Transit Number of vehicles, ve
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A-24 Light trucks Btu per vehicle-m
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A-26 Truck Freight Movement and Ene
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A-28 Automobiles Highway Vehicle St
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A-30 Then, the number of trucks in
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A-32 Sales - Domestic and import to
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A-34 Light Fleet Vehicle Travel Aut
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APPENDIX B CONVERSIONS A Note About
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Table B.2 Fuel Equivalents 1 millio
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Table B.5 Distance and Velocity Con
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FROM Horsepower Kilowatts Table B.8
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Table B.10 Fuel Efficiency Conversi
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Table B.12 Metric Units and Abbrevi
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APPENDIX C CENSUS DIVISIONS AND REG
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Page 296 and 297:
GLOSSARY Acceleration power - Measu
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Bunkering fuels - Fuels stored in s
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Crude oil imports - The volume of c
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volume. There are other fuels that
Page 304 and 305:
Kerosene - A petroleum distillate i
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Natural gas, wet: The volume of nat
Page 308 and 309:
of petroleum products, and the prim
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Sales period - October 1 of the pre
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Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey -
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I-2 Acquisitions Federal Fleet Vehi
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I-4 Average Annual Expenditures of
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I-6 Certificated Summary Statistics
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I-8 Consumption (continued) U.S. Ca
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I-10 Distance Long-Distance Trips b
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I-12 Emissions World Carbon Emissio
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I-14 Exhaust (continued) Federal Ex
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I-16 Fuel-Cycle Energy and Greenhou
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I-18 Tax Receipts from the Sale of
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I-20 Tonnage Statistics for Domesti
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I-22 Vehicle-Miles by Trip Purpose,
Page 336 and 337:
I-24 Occupant Fatalities by Vehicle
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I-26 PM PMT Policy United States Pe
Page 340 and 341:
I-28 Summary Statistics for Commute
Page 342 and 343:
I-30 versus Sales-Weighted Fuel Eco
Page 344 and 345:
I-32 Federal Exhaust Emission Certi
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I-34 Surveys Growth of Freight in t
Page 348 and 349:
I-36 Trips Truck Household 1969, 19
Page 350 and 351:
I-38 Vehicle-Miles by Trip Purpose,
Page 352:
I-40 Weighted Sales-Weighted Engine
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TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 22 - Center for ...

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