11–2 Vehicle-miles are growing at a faster rate than vehicles and more than twice the rate of population. See Table 11.2 <strong>for</strong> vehicles per capita and vehicle-miles per capita. Table 11.1 Population and Vehicle Profile, 1950–2000 Resident population Year a Number of Number of Number of civilian Total vehicles in Total licensed employed households operation vehicle-miles drivers persons (thousands) (thousands) (thousands) (millions) (thousands) (thousands) 1950 151,868 43,554 43,256 458,246 62,194 58,918 1955 165,069 47,874 55,804 605,646 74,686 62,170 1960 179,979 52,799 66,582 718,762 87,253 65,778 1965 193,526 57,251 82,067 887,812 98,502 71,088 1970 203,984 63,401 98,136 1,109,724 111,543 78,678 1975 215,465 71,120 120,054 1,327,664 129,791 85,846 1980 <strong>22</strong>7,<strong>22</strong>5 80,776 139,832 1,527,295 145,295 99,303 1985 237,924 86,789 157,048 1,774,826 156,868 107,150 1986 240,133 88,458 162,094 1,834,872 159,487 109,597 1987 242,289 89,479 167,193 1,921,204 161,975 112,440 1988 244,499 91,061 171,741 2,025,962 162,853 114,968 1989 246,819 92,830 175,960 2,096,487 165,555 117,342 1990 249,464 93,347 179,299 2,144,362 167,015 118,793 1991 252,153 94,312 181,438 2,172,050 168,995 117,718 1992 255,030 95,689 181,519 2,247,151 173,125 118,492 1993 257,783 96,391 186,315 2,296,378 173,149 120,259 1994 260,327 97,107 188,714 2,357,588 175,403 123,060 1995 262,803 98,990 193,441 2,4<strong>22</strong>,696 176,628 124,900 1996 265,<strong>22</strong>9 99,627 198,294 2,485,848 179,539 126,708 1997 267,784 101,018 201,071 2,561,695 182,709 129,558 1998 270,248 102,528 205,043 2,631,5<strong>22</strong> 184,980 131,463 1999 272,691 103,874 209,509 2,691,056 187,170 133,488 2000 275,130 104,705 213,300 2,749,803 190,625 135,208 Average annual percentage change 1950–2000 1.2% 1.8% 3.2% 3.6% 2.3% 1.7% 1990–2000 Source: 1.0% 1.2% 1.8% 2.5% 1.3% 1.3% Resident population, total households, and civilian employed persons - U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States–2001, 121st edition, Washington, DC, 2001, pp. 8, 49, 367, and annual. (Additional resources: www.census.gov) Vehicles in operation - The Polk Company. FURTHER REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED. (Additional resources: www.polk.com) Licensed drivers and vehicle-miles - U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics 2000, Tables DL-20 and VM-1, and annual. (Additional resources: www.fhwa.dot.gov) a Estimates as of July 1. Includes Armed Forces stationed in the United States. <strong>TRANSPORTATION</strong> <strong>ENERGY</strong> <strong>DATA</strong> <strong>BOOK</strong>: <strong>EDITION</strong> <strong>22</strong>—2002
In 2000 there were 1.12 vehicles <strong>for</strong> every licensed driver in the U.S. Vehicle-miles per capita have nearly reached 10,000 miles. Table 11.2 Population and Vehicle Ratios, 1950–2000 Vehicles per Vehicle-miles Licensed drivers Vehicles per Vehicles per civilian employed Year capita per capita per household licensed driver persons 1950 0.28 3,029 1.43 0.70 0.73 1955 0.34 3,656 1.56 0.75 0.90 1960 0.37 3,994 1.65 0.76 1.01 1965 0.42 4,587 1.72 0.83 1.15 1970 0.48 5,440 1.76 0.88 1.25 1975 0.56 6,162 1.82 0.92 1.40 1980 0.62 6,7<strong>22</strong> 1.80 0.96 1.41 1985 0.66 7,460 1.81 1.00 1.47 1986 0.68 7,641 1.80 1.02 1.48 1987 0.69 7,929 1.81 1.03 1.49 1988 0.70 8,286 1.79 1.05 1.49 1989 0.71 8,494 1.78 1.06 1.50 1990 0.72 8,596 1.79 1.07 1.51 1991 0.72 8,614 1.79 1.07 1.54 1992 0.71 8,811 1.81 1.05 1.53 1993 0.72 8,908 1.80 1.08 1.55 1994 0.72 9,056 1.81 1.08 1.53 1995 0.74 9,219 1.78 1.10 1.55 1996 0.75 9,372 1.80 1.10 1.56 1997 0.75 9,566 1.81 1.10 1.55 1998 0.76 9,737 1.80 1.11 1.56 1999 0.77 9,870 1.80 1.12 1.57 2000 0.78 9,995 1.82 1.12 1.58 Average annual percentage change 1950–2000 2.1% 2.4% 0.5% 0.9% 1.6% 1990–2000 0.8% 1.5% 0.2% 0.5% 0.5% Source: Resident population, total households, and civilian employed persons - U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States–2001, 121st edition, Washington, DC, 2001, pp. 8, 49, 367, and annual. (Additional resources: www.census.gov) Vehicles in operation - The Polk Company. FURTHER REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED. (Additional resources: www.polk.com) Licensed drivers and vehicle-miles - U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics 2000, Tables DL-20 and VM-1, and annual. (Additional resources: www.fhwa.dot.gov) <strong>TRANSPORTATION</strong> <strong>ENERGY</strong> <strong>DATA</strong> <strong>BOOK</strong>: <strong>EDITION</strong> <strong>22</strong>—2002 11–3
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Users of the Transportation Energy
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vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Ta
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
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xvi TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK
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1-2 Although the world has consumed
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1-4 This table shows petroleum prod
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1-6 Figure 1.2. World Oil Reserves,
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1-8 This chart shows the volatility
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1-10 a First two quarters of 2001.
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1-12 Other parts of the world refin
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1-14 When crude oil and other hydro
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1-16 The U.S. share of the world’
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1-18 Transportation accounts for mo
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Source Chapter 2 Energy Summary Sta
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The Energy Information Administrati
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Oxygenates are blended with gasolin
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The 1999 data have been revised to
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About 22% of transportation energy
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The Federal Highway Administration
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Nearly all of the fuel ethanol used
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Great care should be taken when com
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Figure 2.3. Energy Intensities for
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Great care should be taken when com
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Chapter 3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
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Global Warming Potentials (GWP) wer
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Gases which contain carbon can be m
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The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
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GV: FRFG (btu/mile or grams/mile) T
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Source Chapter 4 Criteria Air Pollu
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The transportation sector accounted
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The transportation sector accounted
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The transportation sector accounted
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The transportation sector accounted
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The transportation sector accounted
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Historically, the transportation se
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Acronyms and Terms Used on Table 4.
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Table 4. 13 (Continued) Fuel-Cycle
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Table 4.14 Tier 2 Emission Standard
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Table 4.18 Federal Exhaust Emission
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5-8 The fuel prices shown here are
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5-10 Table 5.7 State Taxes on Motor
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5-12 As of January 2001, only five
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5-14 In current dollars, import car
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5-20 Eleven percent of employed civ
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6-4 VEHICLES IN USE Both the Federa
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6-6 The line on this graph shows th
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6-8 The trend of using two-axle, fo
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7-2 The Federal Highway Administrat
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7-6 In 2000, light trucks, which in
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7-8 Light truck sales have more tha
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7-10 This graph shows the emergence
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7-12 Table 7.11 Sales-Weighted Engi
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7-14 The sales-weighted interior sp
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7-16 The average auto lost over 300
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7-18 The number of conventional ref
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A-16 Passenger: Commuter - APTA, 20
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A-18 Calculation of Million Barrels
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A-20 Motorcycles Number of vehicles
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A-22 Transit Number of vehicles, ve
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A-24 Light trucks Btu per vehicle-m
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A-26 Truck Freight Movement and Ene
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A-28 Automobiles Highway Vehicle St
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A-30 Then, the number of trucks in
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A-32 Sales - Domestic and import to
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A-34 Light Fleet Vehicle Travel Aut
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APPENDIX B CONVERSIONS A Note About
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Table B.2 Fuel Equivalents 1 millio
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Table B.5 Distance and Velocity Con
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FROM Horsepower Kilowatts Table B.8
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Table B.10 Fuel Efficiency Conversi
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Table B.12 Metric Units and Abbrevi
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APPENDIX C CENSUS DIVISIONS AND REG
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GLOSSARY Acceleration power - Measu
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Bunkering fuels - Fuels stored in s
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Crude oil imports - The volume of c
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Kerosene - A petroleum distillate i
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Natural gas, wet: The volume of nat
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of petroleum products, and the prim
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Sales period - October 1 of the pre
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Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey -
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I-2 Acquisitions Federal Fleet Vehi
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I-4 Average Annual Expenditures of
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I-6 Certificated Summary Statistics
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I-10 Distance Long-Distance Trips b
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I-12 Emissions World Carbon Emissio
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I-14 Exhaust (continued) Federal Ex
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I-16 Fuel-Cycle Energy and Greenhou
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I-18 Tax Receipts from the Sale of
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I-20 Tonnage Statistics for Domesti
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I-22 Vehicle-Miles by Trip Purpose,
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I-24 Occupant Fatalities by Vehicle
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I-26 PM PMT Policy United States Pe
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I-28 Summary Statistics for Commute
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I-30 versus Sales-Weighted Fuel Eco
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I-32 Federal Exhaust Emission Certi
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I-34 Surveys Growth of Freight in t
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I-36 Trips Truck Household 1969, 19
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I-40 Weighted Sales-Weighted Engine