<strong>TRANSPORTATION</strong> <strong>ENERGY</strong> <strong>DATA</strong> <strong>BOOK</strong>: <strong>EDITION</strong> <strong>22</strong>—2002 Table 12.1 Summary Statistics <strong>for</strong> U.S. Domestic and International Certificated Route Air Carriers (Combined Totals), 1970–2001 a Revenue Average aircraft-miles passenger trip Year (millions) length b Revenue Available Available passenger-miles seat-miles seats per (miles) (millions) (millions) aircraft c Passenger load factor (percentage) d Revenue cargo ton-miles Energy use (millions) (trillion Btu) e Percent domestic of total energy use (percentage) 1970 2,383 678 131,719 f 264,904 f 111 49.7% f 1975 2,241 698 173,324 315,823 135 54.9% 4,994 5,944 1,363.4 1,283.4 g g 1980 2,924 736 267,7<strong>22</strong> 448,479 148 59.7% 7,515 1,386.0 83.0% 1985 3,462 758 351,073 565,677 163 62.1% 9,048 1,701.4 80.3% 1986 3,873 767 378,923 623,073 161 60.8% 10,987 1,847.1 81.4% 1987 4,182 779 417,830 670,871 160 62.3% 13,130 1,945.9 80.0% 1988 4,355 786 437,649 696,337 160 62.9% 14,633 2,049.4 78.5% 1989 4,442 792 447,480 703,888 158 63.6% 16,347 2,087.4 77.0% 1990 4,724 803 472,236 753,211 159 62.7% 16,411 2,213.0 75.8% 1991 4,661 806 463,296 738,030 158 62.8% 16,149 2,085.2 74.5% 1992 4,899 806 493,715 772,869 158 63.9% 17,306 2,144.2 74.1% 1993 5,118 799 505,996 793,959 155 63.7% 19,083 2,169.7 74.4% 1994 5,360 787 537,506 809,240 151 66.4% 21,773 2,266.2 74.3% 1995 5,627 791 558,757 845,012 150 66.1% 23,375 2,338.6 74.0% 1996 5,855 802 596,164 859,720 147 69.3% 24,892 2,409.1 73.9% 1997 6,025 814 619,969 880,607 146 70.4% 27,610 2,514.2 73.3% 1998 6,<strong>22</strong>7 812 635,517 899,851 145 70.6% 28,102 2,573.4 72.8% 1999 6,558 824 668,626 942,311 144 71.0% 28,984 2,653.1 73.3% 2000 6,944 833 708,419 980,379 141 72.3% 30,863 2,743.1 73.1% 2001 6,807 842 664,841 950,530 140 69.9% 27,882 2,599.4 72.8% Average annual percentage change 1970–2001 3.4% 0.7% 5.4% 4.2% 0.8% 5.7% 2.1% 1991–2001 3.9% 0.4% 3.7% 2.6% -1.2% 5.6% 2.2% Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Air Carrier Traffic Statistics Monthly, December 2001/2000, Washington, DC, pp. 1–2, and annual. 1970–76 Energy Use - Department of Transportation, Civil Aeronautics Board, Fuel Cost and Consumption, Washington, DC, 1981, and annual. 1977–2001 Energy Use - Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, "Fuel Cost and Consumption Table," Washington, DC. (Additional resources: www.bts.gov, www.faa.gov) aData are <strong>for</strong> all U.S. air carriers reporting on Form 41. bScheduled services of domestic operations only. The average passenger trip length <strong>for</strong> international operations is more than three and a half times longer than <strong>for</strong> domestic operations. cAvailable seats per aircraft is calculated as the ratio of available seat-miles to revenue aircraft-miles. dPassenger load factor is calculated as the ratio of revenue passenger-miles to available seat-miles <strong>for</strong> scheduled and nonscheduled services. eEnergy use includes fuel purchased abroad <strong>for</strong> international flights. fScheduled services only. gData are not available. 12–2
General aviation includes: (1) aircraft operating under general operating and flight rules; (2) not-<strong>for</strong>-hire airplanes with a seating capacity of 20 or more or a maximum payload capacity of 6,000 lbs. or more; (3) rotocraft external load operations; (4) on-demand and commuter operations not covered under Federal Aviation Regulations Part 121; and (5) agricultural aircraft operations. Calendar year Table 12.2 Summary Statistics <strong>for</strong> General Aviation, 1970–2000 Total number of aircraft Aircraft hours flown (thousands) aActive fixed-wing general aviation aircraft only. bIncludes rotocraft. cData are not available. Intercity passenger travel (billion passenger-miles) <strong>TRANSPORTATION</strong> <strong>ENERGY</strong> <strong>DATA</strong> <strong>BOOK</strong>: <strong>EDITION</strong> <strong>22</strong>—2002 Energy use (trillion btu) 1970 131,700 a 26,030 b 9.1 94.4 1975 168,475 30,298 11.4 121.5 1976 177,964 31,950 12.1 130.3 1977 184,294 33,679 12.8 149.7 1978 199,178 36,844 14.1 159.4 1979 210,339 40,432 15.5 167.2 1980 211,045 41,016 14.7 169.0 1981 213,<strong>22</strong>6 40,704 14.6 162.4 1982 209,779 36,457 13.1 170.5 1983 213,293 35,249 12.7 143.9 1984 <strong>22</strong>0,943 36,119 13.0 148.9 1985 196,500 31,456 12.3 144.0 1986 205,300 31,782 12.4 148.0 1987 202,700 30,883 12.1 139.1 1988 196,200 31,114 12.6 148.6 1989 205,000 32,332 13.1 134.0 1990 198,000 32,096 13.0 131.9 1991 196,874 29,862 12.1 120.4 1992 185,650 26,747 10.8 104.7 1993 177,120 24,455 9.9 97.5 1994 172,935 24,092 9.8 95.3 1995 188,089 26,612 10.8 106.6 1996 191,129 26,909 12.0 111.1 1997 192,414 27,713 12.5 121.1 1998 204,710 28,100 13.1 147.4 1999 219,464 31,756 13.5 172.1 2000 217,533 30,975 c 175.2 Average annual percentage change 1970–2000 1.7% 0.6% 1.4% 2.1% 1990–2000 0.9% -0.4% 0.3% 2.9% Sources: Intercity passenger-miles - Eno Foundation <strong>for</strong> Transportation, Transportation in America 2001, Nineteenth edition, Lansdowne, VA, 2002, p. 15, and annual. All other- U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, General Aviation Activity and Avionics Survey: Calendar Year 2000, Tables 1.2, 1.5, 5.1, and annual. (Additional resources: www.faa.gov) 12–3
- Page 1 and 2:
Center for Transportation Analysis
- Page 3:
Users of the Transportation Energy
- Page 6 and 7:
vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Ta
- Page 8 and 9:
viii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
- Page 10 and 11:
x TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) CHA
- Page 12 and 13:
xii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
- Page 14 and 15:
xiv TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) T
- Page 16 and 17:
xvi TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK
- Page 18 and 19:
xviii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BO
- Page 20 and 21:
xx TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK:
- Page 22 and 23:
xxii TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOO
- Page 24 and 25:
1-2 Although the world has consumed
- Page 26 and 27:
1-4 This table shows petroleum prod
- Page 28 and 29:
1-6 Figure 1.2. World Oil Reserves,
- Page 30 and 31:
1-8 This chart shows the volatility
- Page 32 and 33:
1-10 a First two quarters of 2001.
- Page 34 and 35:
1-12 Other parts of the world refin
- Page 36 and 37:
1-14 When crude oil and other hydro
- Page 38 and 39:
1-16 The U.S. share of the world’
- Page 40 and 41:
1-18 Transportation accounts for mo
- Page 42 and 43:
Source Chapter 2 Energy Summary Sta
- Page 44 and 45:
The Energy Information Administrati
- Page 46 and 47:
Oxygenates are blended with gasolin
- Page 48 and 49:
The 1999 data have been revised to
- Page 50 and 51:
About 22% of transportation energy
- Page 52 and 53:
The Federal Highway Administration
- Page 54 and 55:
Nearly all of the fuel ethanol used
- Page 56 and 57:
Great care should be taken when com
- Page 58 and 59:
Figure 2.3. Energy Intensities for
- Page 60 and 61:
Great care should be taken when com
- Page 62 and 63:
Chapter 3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
- Page 64 and 65:
Global Warming Potentials (GWP) wer
- Page 66 and 67:
Gases which contain carbon can be m
- Page 68 and 69:
The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
- Page 70 and 71:
GV: FRFG (btu/mile or grams/mile) T
- Page 72 and 73:
Source Chapter 4 Criteria Air Pollu
- Page 74 and 75:
The transportation sector accounted
- Page 76 and 77:
The transportation sector accounted
- Page 78 and 79:
The transportation sector accounted
- Page 80 and 81:
The transportation sector accounted
- Page 82 and 83:
The transportation sector accounted
- Page 84 and 85:
Historically, the transportation se
- Page 86 and 87:
Acronyms and Terms Used on Table 4.
- Page 88 and 89:
Table 4. 13 (Continued) Fuel-Cycle
- Page 90 and 91:
Table 4.14 Tier 2 Emission Standard
- Page 92 and 93:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 94 and 95:
Table 4.18 Federal Exhaust Emission
- Page 96 and 97:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 98 and 99:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 100 and 101:
California's Low-Emission Vehicle r
- Page 102 and 103:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 104 and 105:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 106 and 107:
5-6 Though the cost of crude oil ce
- Page 108 and 109:
5-8 The fuel prices shown here are
- Page 110 and 111:
5-10 Table 5.7 State Taxes on Motor
- Page 112 and 113:
5-12 As of January 2001, only five
- Page 114 and 115:
5-14 In current dollars, import car
- Page 116 and 117:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 118 and 119:
5-18 In 1999 there were 7.7 employe
- Page 120 and 121:
5-20 Eleven percent of employed civ
- Page 122 and 123:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 124 and 125:
6-4 VEHICLES IN USE Both the Federa
- Page 126 and 127:
6-6 The line on this graph shows th
- Page 128 and 129:
6-8 The trend of using two-axle, fo
- Page 130 and 131:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 132 and 133:
6-12 The average age of trucks (cla
- Page 134 and 135:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 136 and 137:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 138 and 139:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 140 and 141:
7-2 The Federal Highway Administrat
- Page 142 and 143:
7-4 Because data on Class 2b trucks
- Page 144 and 145:
7-6 In 2000, light trucks, which in
- Page 146 and 147:
7-8 Light truck sales have more tha
- Page 148 and 149:
7-10 This graph shows the emergence
- Page 150 and 151:
7-12 Table 7.11 Sales-Weighted Engi
- Page 152 and 153:
7-14 The sales-weighted interior sp
- Page 154 and 155:
7-16 The average auto lost over 300
- Page 156 and 157:
7-18 The number of conventional ref
- Page 158 and 159:
7-20 The Corporate Average Fuel Eco
- Page 160 and 161:
7-22 Consumers must pay the Gas Guz
- Page 162 and 163:
7-24 Fuel Economy by Vehicle Speed
- Page 164 and 165:
7-26 The two earlier studies by the
- Page 166 and 167:
7-28 Of the tested vehicles, the 19
- Page 168 and 169:
7-30 The New York Test Cycle was de
- Page 170 and 171:
7-32 Researchers at Argonne Nationa
- Page 172 and 173:
7-34 Total traffic fatalities were
- Page 174 and 175:
7-36 In 2000, nearly 38% of all pas
- Page 176 and 177:
Source Chapter 8 Heavy Vehicles and
- Page 178 and 179:
Combination trucks include all truc
- Page 180 and 181: Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Th
- Page 182 and 183: As expected, most light trucks trav
- Page 184 and 185: In 1997 nearly 60% of all truck fle
- Page 186 and 187: Commodity Flow Survey The Commodity
- Page 188 and 189: Industries covered by the 1997 Comm
- Page 190 and 191: There are currently not many source
- Page 192 and 193: 9-2 Alternative Fuels The U.S. Depa
- Page 194 and 195: 9-4 Nearly 90% of private alternati
- Page 196 and 197: 9-6 This list includes public and p
- Page 198 and 199: 9-8 The Honda Insight, Civic Hybrid
- Page 200 and 201: 10-2 Significant changes have been
- Page 202 and 203: 10-4 The average length of service
- Page 204 and 205: 10-6 Table 10.5 Federal Government
- Page 206 and 207: 10-8 The Energy Policy Act of 1992
- Page 208 and 209: 11-2 Vehicle-miles are growing at a
- Page 210 and 211: TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 212 and 213: 11-6 1995 Nationwide Personal Trans
- Page 214 and 215: 11-8 The 1995 NPTS data should be c
- Page 216 and 217: 11-10 Vans and sport utility vehicl
- Page 218 and 219: 11-12 Less than 27% of all househol
- Page 220 and 221: 11-14 Historically, the data from t
- Page 222 and 223: 11-16 According to the U.S. Census
- Page 224 and 225: 11-18 Sales of bicycles with wheel
- Page 226 and 227: 11-20 1995 American Travel Survey T
- Page 228 and 229: 11-22 Those with a household income
- Page 232 and 233: 12-4 In the early seventies, domest
- Page 234 and 235: TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 236 and 237: 12-8 The Interstate Commerce Commis
- Page 238 and 239: 12-10 The “other” category, whi
- Page 240 and 241: 12-12 The National Railroad Passeng
- Page 242 and 243: 12-14 This table on transit rail op
- Page 244 and 245: A-2 List of Abbreviations Used in A
- Page 246 and 247: A-4 Motorcycles Buses DOT, FHWA, Hi
- Page 248 and 249: A-6 Trucks Light Trucks: DOT, FHWA,
- Page 250 and 251: A-8 Off-highway energy use Diesel:
- Page 252 and 253: A-10 Domestic and International Air
- Page 254 and 255: A-12 Recreational Boating: Fuel use
- Page 256 and 257: A-14 Year Natural gas (million cubi
- Page 258 and 259: A-16 Passenger: Commuter - APTA, 20
- Page 260 and 261: A-18 Calculation of Million Barrels
- Page 262 and 263: A-20 Motorcycles Number of vehicles
- Page 264 and 265: A-22 Transit Number of vehicles, ve
- Page 266 and 267: A-24 Light trucks Btu per vehicle-m
- Page 268 and 269: A-26 Truck Freight Movement and Ene
- Page 270 and 271: A-28 Automobiles Highway Vehicle St
- Page 272 and 273: A-30 Then, the number of trucks in
- Page 274 and 275: A-32 Sales - Domestic and import to
- Page 276 and 277: A-34 Light Fleet Vehicle Travel Aut
- Page 278 and 279: APPENDIX B CONVERSIONS A Note About
- Page 280 and 281:
Table B.2 Fuel Equivalents 1 millio
- Page 282 and 283:
Table B.5 Distance and Velocity Con
- Page 284 and 285:
FROM Horsepower Kilowatts Table B.8
- Page 286 and 287:
Table B.10 Fuel Efficiency Conversi
- Page 288 and 289:
Table B.12 Metric Units and Abbrevi
- Page 290 and 291:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 292 and 293:
APPENDIX C CENSUS DIVISIONS AND REG
- Page 294 and 295:
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: ED
- Page 296 and 297:
GLOSSARY Acceleration power - Measu
- Page 298 and 299:
Bunkering fuels - Fuels stored in s
- Page 300 and 301:
Crude oil imports - The volume of c
- Page 302 and 303:
volume. There are other fuels that
- Page 304 and 305:
Kerosene - A petroleum distillate i
- Page 306 and 307:
Natural gas, wet: The volume of nat
- Page 308 and 309:
of petroleum products, and the prim
- Page 310 and 311:
Sales period - October 1 of the pre
- Page 312 and 313:
Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey -
- Page 314 and 315:
I-2 Acquisitions Federal Fleet Vehi
- Page 316 and 317:
I-4 Average Annual Expenditures of
- Page 318 and 319:
I-6 Certificated Summary Statistics
- Page 320 and 321:
I-8 Consumption (continued) U.S. Ca
- Page 322 and 323:
I-10 Distance Long-Distance Trips b
- Page 324 and 325:
I-12 Emissions World Carbon Emissio
- Page 326 and 327:
I-14 Exhaust (continued) Federal Ex
- Page 328 and 329:
I-16 Fuel-Cycle Energy and Greenhou
- Page 330 and 331:
I-18 Tax Receipts from the Sale of
- Page 332 and 333:
I-20 Tonnage Statistics for Domesti
- Page 334 and 335:
I-22 Vehicle-Miles by Trip Purpose,
- Page 336 and 337:
I-24 Occupant Fatalities by Vehicle
- Page 338 and 339:
I-26 PM PMT Policy United States Pe
- Page 340 and 341:
I-28 Summary Statistics for Commute
- Page 342 and 343:
I-30 versus Sales-Weighted Fuel Eco
- Page 344 and 345:
I-32 Federal Exhaust Emission Certi
- Page 346 and 347:
I-34 Surveys Growth of Freight in t
- Page 348 and 349:
I-36 Trips Truck Household 1969, 19
- Page 350 and 351:
I-38 Vehicle-Miles by Trip Purpose,
- Page 352:
I-40 Weighted Sales-Weighted Engine