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January-March 2010 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume II., Issue 1. _____________________________________________________________________________________ him to give him food or love. Anna disobeyed the curse, went up to her husband, but on the mountain a storm sprung and she got hit by a lightning and she turned into a rock. Anna’s husband approached the new rock while playing the flute and he was amazed that the rock had the same shape as his wife. His heart was captured by desire, as he reached the rock he began playing a moaning song. As the song was over, the rock-lady’s heart broke, and she began crying so hard that a river as big as Tatrang was formed. The surname Bacsó is an ancient Hungarian heritage, known mostly as a name in the Avar region; it means leader, front man. The flageolet was also brought into Europe by us, the double flute is known in the Sumerian culture from the town of Ur, similarly in Egypt. In the Avar graves of the Carpathian Basin double flutes were found made of bird bones, and Csajághy György was the one who revitalised it so the old styled, five related Hungarian folk songs can be perfectly played on it. It survived at the Csángós. Also in the Carpathian Basin a 36,000 year old flute was found made out of bear bone, on which Horsch Sándor plays perfectly Hungarian folk songs. He was the one to confirm Varga Csaba’s claim on Hungarian language and music, that states that this is the ancient language and music, from it descend the world’s other languages and music. The bagpipe was a musical instrument used in war, the shepherd’s inevitable music instrument, but the bagpipe was sounded in churches, baptisms, weddings as well. It is in the memoires of Athais and Ordos, we handed it over to Europe. The jughorn is also our ancient musical instrument, leather or parchment is tightened to the top of a large pottery. A 1-2 span long reed is fastened to the cover, the reed is rubbed with wet or resined hand. The cover takes over and amplifies the vibration and creates a rumbling sound. It is the musical instrument of the story tellers. The “kolomp” served as part of the shamans rituals next to marking the herds. Parts of the “kolomp” were bells, tinklers, which are mentioned by the society of the Huns of Ordos; Borica from Barcaság captured the sacral usage of these. The chained stick is nothing else than a chain fastened on a stick, and by patting it to the ground it makes a rattle sound. It is used in story telling to accompany the rhythm. The whizzer or thunderstick is a piece of wood tied to a string making a humming sound. The rattle’s ancestor is the roaring wood or the roaring bull, which imitated the sound of our ancestors at the shaman’s gatherings. The stringed instruments have Athaisian, Ordosian and Hungarian roots. The usage of horse hair was obvious to the horse riding people. The first stringed instruments´ head was horsehead shaped, with a bow out of horse hair, also called as “nyirettyű”. The Arabs took it over from Persians. The word violin (hegedű, Hung.) comes from the New Year’s greetings (hejgetés, Hung.), in some other form. On the violins from Gyimes a fifth string is used. After World War I the violin virtuoso Vak Ferenc was known almost everywhere. The horn is an ancient Hungarian instrument; it is offered a special attention by the Horn-colony tribal name, the Horn of Lehel, the drinking horn of the covenant of blood, and the rank which is indicated by it on the ancient representations. Besides its sacral role, it is the ancient instrument of the shepherds and the army. The decoration of its surface are masterpieces of artists. The cimbalom is also an ancient Hungarian instrument, between the two World Wars it was used by the orchestras of Hétfalu. Today the world’s greatest cimbalom players are Hungarians. The drum is an indispensable instrument of the shaman school from Ordos. Our ancestors fastened the kettle drums on the sides of a horse; this was the way they played them. It is a transcendental accessory for our shamans. St. Stephen began forbidding it; finally the Hapsburgs forbade its usage in the army in the year 1767. Since then it is _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001-2010 118
January-March 2010 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume II., Issue 1. _____________________________________________________________________________________ used by the symphonic orchestras, but is not used any more when playing folk songs. The strainer drum is the accessory of the rituals of the ancient Hungarian shamans and wizzards; it is still used by our Csángó brothers. The Moldavian Csángós still use the bull, the Jew’s harp, but the Csángós from Barcaság forgot about it. The cymbal is a Hun, Avar and Hungarian instrument; it was mostly used in the army. According to the findings of the historian Barabási László, the Csángós living outside the Carpathian Basin, the ones living in Asia, Africa, North- and South-America have similarities in their instruments and dressing as well. The ancestors of the organ are the pan’s pipes of Athais and the hose-pipes. The 24 Hun Alliance was familiar with the seng, this is a blowing instrument which still exists in China and the Far East. Their essence is that the pipes have a common air chamber, in which the player blows the air, and by covering the hole on the pipes it gives sound to the certain pipe, even many pipes at the same time, giving the possibility to play polyphone songs. The oldest instrument, which can really be called an organ is the water organ, the hydraulos. From the 4 th century the pneumatic system instead of the hydraulic pressure equalizer is mostly used for the water organ. In the 9 th century people started using the organ for Church music purposes, in the 10 th century the first closet shaped organs were built. The pedals were first used in the 14 th century. With the perfection of the airbox, pipes and tract the organ became a real musical instrument; it was the most appreciated in the Baroque. In this the collaboration between Johann Sebastian Bach, the great organ player and Gottfried Silbermann (1683-1753), the best organ builder, played a great role. The pneumatic tract became popular in the early 19 th century, the electric one at the end of the century. These made possible the building of giant organs, which were needed by the romantic era of music. The organ was the only instrument, which was not forbidden by the Church in the Middle Ages, and it remained a characteristic instrument of it. In Apáca the organ was built in 1886 by Saukenik János, in Krizba in 1853 by Mäywald Hendrich, who was the student of the master who built the organ in the Black Church, in Barcaújfalu the organ was built in 1752, but it was disassembled when the Romanians broke in 1916 and it was put back together only in 1923. The organ of the Lutheran Church in Brasov was built by Schneider Péter senior in 1636, which has the same age as the Bocholz organ in the Black Church. It is sad that this is forgotten by most and that they only pay attention to the commercialization of the Black Church. One of the celebrities in Bácsfalu in 1848 was Simon István, who escaped the Bach era by moving to Bucharest where he became famous thanks to his inn, and his commercial spirit. During his old days he returned to Bácsfalu, where he was the first who in 1898 installed the wood tubed water-conduit. Under the community center in Bácsfalu, layed the old cemetery near the church. Simon István enlarged the cemetery, where he tried to establish the line burial. For this he was honoured with Hungarian state awards. For his merits the Új street was named after him, and we should claim it back. Bácsfalu’s organ which was built in 1814, was replaced in 1893 and given to the new church in Hosszúfalu-Fűrészmező, and they took over the organ from Csernátfalu, its coagulation was financed by the earlier mentioned Simon István’s cousin, Simon István. The organ player was Simon Gyula. Its altar was given as a donation by the Saxon Church from Szentpéter, and then in 1910 Borcsa Mihály donated a new altar picture. In Türkös the altar was built in 1910. In Csernátfalu the old organ was replaced in 1891 and donated to Bácsfalu. The new organ was built by Dangl Antal. In Tatrang the organ was built in 1856 by Nagy József, in Zajzon, instead of the old side-organ was built a new one in 1838. Pürkerec, thanks to the intervention of priest Fejér Gyula, _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001-2010 119
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