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January-March 2010 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume II., Issue 1. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Summary The name of the Hungarian people hungar, the hydronyms of the Volga-Ural region and the common nouns connected to these hydronyms have same origins by their forms and their semantics. The identity of the names of such high degree can not be explained with the late movement of people to the Ural region. The hydronyms, as the most ancient geographycal names in the Volga-Ural region, have tracks not only in the Hungarian and Turkish languages, but further in Scythian and Hunnish as well. This means, that the language culture was born during Scythian and Hunnish time in the marshy regions of the two sides of the Ural Mountain, at the sources of rivers, where the marshies were/are the sources of the rivers. Tracks of this language culture can be detected in the Uralic, Altaic languages and even Russian. This means that we have to think over not only the general connection of the Hungarian and Turkish languages, the Uralic and Altaic languages and Russian, but Scythian and Hunnish, too. The grammatical lesson We have to search the origin of the names hungar, hun, magyar in common geographical places in accordance with the data provided by historical sources and with the opinion of scientists. As a starting point we have the hydronyms. According to some the name of the territory came from the ethnonym. According to others the ethnonym Hungar came from the dynastic (< personal name) name. The beginning h- in Hungar is originally a consonant. The begining j- in Jugra can not be Russian development. Its origin is more ancient. The final -a 7 can not be Russian affix of the region and ethnonym in the names Jugra, merja, muroma, mescsera, cseremisza, Obdora. So the name Jugra can not mean `people Vogulish, people Ostjakish`. The name onogur (< on ’ten’ + ogur) can not come from ongur (< ongu + -r). The geographycal names in the Volga-Ural region are in use by people speaking languages belonging to the Ural-Altaic and Russian languages, and the proper names in the Carpathian Basin, the common nouns in Uralic and Altaic languages have systematic connections. This fact can be explained as follows: the identicity is either due to borrowing words or to the genetic identity of words. The parallel developments in Turkish and Hungarian phonetic history (LIGETI 1986:53-88) and the fact that the written sources identify the Hungarian and Turkish people and their names as relatives, gives reason for the genetic identity, too. We need to stress the fact the Hungarian-Turkish language connection was more intensive and is more ancient than many scientists presentlt think, because of the common Scythian and Hunnish connections. The language connections of old Hungarian and Slavic languages can be based on the following facts: the ancestors of Slavic people came from the Nordic regions to the places of Ukraine and to the western 7 See the ugrak ethnonym in Kasgari. _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001-2010 82
January-March 2010 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume II., Issue 1. _____________________________________________________________________________________ part of the Ural Mountain where Scythian, Hunnish and old Hungarian people lived before them. This could be the primary reason for the ancient Slavic-Hungarian language connections. This is why their study is essential and will help to clarify the connections of the Hungarian and Turkish languages, too. Historical lessons The written sources, historical chronicles can lead to different readings as was thought up until now by many scientists. The hydronyms of the western and eastern parts of the Ural Mountain reveal that in this area the languages of the Scythian, Hunnish and Hungarian people were used. They lived in other regions as well, where the geographical names are variants of the proper names and common nouns of the Ural region. One of these regions is the Carpathian Basin. Abbreviations Abz.: Abzelilovszkij rajon Ar.: Archives Arx.: Arhangelszkij rajon Bashk.: Bashkir Beleb.u.: Belebejevszkij ujezd Belok.: Belokatajszkij rajon Belor.: Beloreckij rajon Bižb.: Bizsbuljakszkij rajon Bir.: Birszkij rajon Burz.: Burzjanszkij rajon comp.: compare Cu.: Civil`szkij ujezd Čist.u.: Csisztonszkij ujezd Chuv.: Chuvash gr.: ground Duv.: Duvanszkij rajon r.: river s.: settling I.: Ibreszinszkij rajon Ju.: Jurinszkij rajon _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001-2010 83
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