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January-March 2010 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume II., Issue 1. _____________________________________________________________________________________ System of roots Roots are not single, island entities, but are organized according to family ties. Roots are tied according to some type (in order of frequency, mainly from the research of phoneme Ny): 1. According to their first one or two phoneme (‘core of the root’). Examples: nyi: nyikkan, nyifog, nyiszog, nyiffan, nyivákol, nyihog; nya: nyaggat, nyakkan, nyaszál, nyafog, nyavalyog; nyö: nyög, nyökög, nyöszörög, nyu: nyúl, nyújt, nyúz, nyurga, nyugodt (in case of this last ones the nyu unit could be taken as a root); gö: göb, göcs, gör, göm; 2. According to the frame of the root. Examples: ny_l: nyíl, nyél, nyel, nyál, nyal, nyúl, nyől, (nyolc); ny_sz: nyiszál, nyaszál, nyeszetel, nyösztet, nyüsztet; ny_g: nyegle, nyaggat, nyög, nyugszik, nyűg; ny_v: nyivákol, nyávog, nyavalyog, nyuvaszt, nyüves; ny_m: nyámmog, nyammog, nyom; 3. According to the change of the order of the phonemes in the root. Examples: viny – nyiv: vinnyog, nyivákol; nyom – mony; nyaf – fany: nyafog, fanyalog; nyif – finy: nyifog, finnyás; nyak – kany: nyaklik, kanyar, kanyul; nyeg – geny: nyegle, genny; suh – hus: suháng, husáng, suhog, hussan; if – fi: ifj, ifjú, fi, fiú; köp – pök; laf – fal: lafatyol, falogat; pat – tap: pattan, tappancs, pattog, tapogat; gyík – kígy: gyík, kígyó; siv – vis: sivít, visit; 4. According to the last phonemes of the root (this is more seldom, than the earliers). Examples: _eny: genny, szenny; _any: anya, banya, nyanya; _ony: konyul, fonnyad; _uny: szunnyad, huny, tunya, punnyad; _any: sanyar, fanyar; Examples above are given from the roots starting or ending with Ny in category 1, 2 and 4. In 3 we could give only some examples, therefore we looked out for other phonemes too. (Ny is a softened N, like in English: new. It is one phoneme, only its writing form consist two signs: N plus y as a ‘softening sign’.) According to the most frequent 1, 2 family ties, we could give the system of the three-element roots starting with Ny: _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001-2010 90
January-March 2010 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume II., Issue 1. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Figure 1: The system of three-element roots starting with Ny From this drawing we could see the 1 and 2 type connections (which are the most frequent ones) between these roots. We could see that roots starting with Ny are a very robust, solid agglomeration in meaning and in form. Let us examine them in detail. _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001-2010 91
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