EXPLORATIONS IN TURKESTAN

. t.
THE BONES OF THE EXTREMITIES. 425
where the forward and back parts come together-is just as much hollowed out
in the Anau horse as in Equus stenonis, therefore much more deepened than in the
Quaternary horses and in Equus przewalskii. The Anau horse has, therefore, in
this respect also, preserved an ancient character.
Ossa metatarsi medii.
Length
Greateslt of exterior
I length.
Ii side.
Table of dimensions.
Proximal
part.
Width.
Median
part.
Distal
part.
Diameter.
Proxi-I Median Distal
mal !part. part.
part.
Index.
mm.
- 1o ft. North Kur-
I gan ............ 256
Anau +26 ft. North Kur-
[ gan ............ 264
(4 2I
La Tene, Mus. Bern......
4
) 230
Langugest, Slavian time.... 234
Schlossberg, iron time ...... 237
Spandau, bronze time ...... 237
Gross Czernosek, La Tene... 238
Vindonissa castrum........ 242
Gross Czernosek, Lausitz... . 246
Schlossberg, large breed.... 256
Equusprzewalskii juv., Bern 257
Solutre paleolithic ...... 58
Petersinsel, bronze time.... 259
Vindonissa circus.......... 260
Equus przewalskii Salenski. . 262
Kesslerloch, paleolithic, after
H escheler.......... . ....
Hostomitz, iron time ....... 268
Gross Czernosek, neolithic
tim e ................. 273
Schlossberg, large breed.... 274
Vindonissa circus....... 273
Westeregeln, diluvial horse,
after Nehring .......... 281
Remagen, diluvial horse,
after Nehring .......... 285
i
I
mm.
250
.vJ
r0e
220
226
228
229
230
235
238
250
250
252
247
250
253
252
260
265
260
261
270
. . . .
mm.
40
41
38
40
44
42
42
47
46
44
46
50
50
45
48
49
I ....
45
Ir50
50
49
56
60
mm.
27
25
24
23
25
28
25
28
mm.
37
38
40
37
42
44
40
42
mm. mm. mm.
38 27 30
. 25 31
36 20 30
33 21 28
30 23 ....
41 1 28 37
10.5
95
11.2
10.0
o1.5
11.8
10.6
12.2
341 25 33
31 46 42 26 34 12.2
30 45 38 27 32 1 .8
30 45 40 29() 33 13.6
:L 4 -he4 |.5 I . | V
I35 5i 44 32 35 118
35 50 44 32 38 13.5
27 41 27 23 32 10.4
30 47 40 1 27 34 1"5
31 47 . ... 11.8
.... 48-55 .... .
31 48 I 42 31 36 II 5
29 47 43 29 38 1o.6
33 47 43 30 38 12.0
30 49 43 33 36 10.9
37 57i . .... ... 13.
39 57 . ... 13.6
With respect not only to the metacarpi ,but also to the metatarsi, the limbs of
the horse of Anau appear remarkably slen der and much more gracile than in the
horse of La Tene and of Schlossberg. The indices show this very clearly; still, it
must be remarked that the horse of Solutre, according to the metatarsi before me,
is not nearly so thick-footed as the diluvial horse of Westeregeln and some of the
Roman horses from Vindonissa.
Phalanges.-The abundant quantity of phalanges before me from the North
Kurgan at Anau was sufficiently considered in the earlier chapter; therefore, I
will give here only a comparison of the mean of all of the 29 Anau phalanges with
those of the most important European horses.
In respect to their index of width the phalanges of the Anau horse are uncommonly
typical. No other horse has an index of 2.8; even the La Tene horse is
far from approaching it. It is just in this uncommon slenderness of phalanx I that
I see the main evidence of desert life and of training for speed, since the Przewalski
horse (3.7), and even the Turkestan horse of Nehring (3.9) show the next indices.