EXPLORATIONS IN TURKESTAN

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492 SKELETONS EXCAVATED <strong>IN</strong> SOUTH KURGAN. Skeleton No. 19 (a).-The first one of the skeletons found in terrace B was at + 27 feet above datum. It proved to be the remains of a child lying contracted, with the main axis running northeast and southwest. Lying on the right side, the hands were spread in front of the face and the knees drawn up to an angle of 90 o with the trunk. From among the bones of the left wrist was taken one small, cylindrical, yellowish-white stone bead (S.K. 244). (See fig. 546.) Skeleton No. 2I (0).-Skeleton No. 21, a few feet south and west of No. 19, was again that of a child lying contracted on the right side. It was also at an altitude of + 27 feet. The left hand was beneath the chin, with that elbow close in to the trunk. The right arm was slightly deranged. The position of the leg bones was traceable as contracted, but they were for the most part mere channels in the hard-packed earth. Below the body was a thin horizontal layer of ashes and charcoal. _- r- . r te
SKELETONS EXCAVATED <strong>IN</strong> SOUTH KURGAN. 493 than the left, which was beneath it. For the only time in the burials of either kurgan the main axis was west and east. The left hand lay palm down in front of the breast just under a small clay bowl (see plate IO, fig. 2), while the fingers of the right hand lay around the neck of a little jar, the lip of which was tipped to within 0.5 inch of the teeth of the lower jaw. (See fig. 547.) Skeleton No. 24 (a) .- North of these first burials and more in the body of the hill the workmen came to the ill-preserved remains of a child at + 25 feet, lying contracted on the left side. The bones were little better than traces in the earth, but it was possible to determine that the main trend of the body was northwest by southeast, and that the right knee was drawn up so close to the ribs that the heel nearly touched the tip of the spine. Skeleton No. 25 (s).-Slightly north and 4 feet to the east of skeleton No. 24, in the north wall of the terrace, there occurred evidences of the burial of a child in a contracted position, on the right side. More details I could not gather about the mode of burial, except that the main axis ran southeast to northwest. Many of the bones had utterly disappeared, and the whole was so decomposed as to be the mere ground plan of what had once been a skeleton. Below the body was found a layer of ashes and charcoal, slightly depressed in the middle and ranging from i to 3 inches in depth. The level of this burial was the same as the one before it, +25 feet. Skeleton No. 20 (8).-From directly over a wall, which Dr. Schmidt was later able to trace for some feet north and south, I took the bones of a child which had been buried contracted on its right side. Its level was 23 feet 7 inches. Though the long bones of the right leg were wanting, the foot was in such a position as to clearly indicate that that leg, like the left, had been drawn up at an angle with the trunk. The trend of the vertebra lay southwest and northeast. Skeleton No. 26 () .- Four feet northeast of skeleton No. I9, at a level of + 23 feet, were human bones more nearly of an adult size than any that had yet come to light in the South Kurgan. They seemed of about the proportion of an Anglo- Saxon boy of 15 or thereabouts. The cranial sutures were almost ossified and the ephiphyses of the longer bones partly joined. The body lay on its right side in a contracted position with the hands in front of the face. The main axis ran northeast to southwest. All the lower skeletal bones were in better condition than the cranium, which for some reason had quite disintegrated, all but certain portions of the front of the lower jaw. Skeleton No. 27 (i).-The last remains we found in this terrace were under the door-stone and threshold in the west wall described by Dr. Schmidt (see report of Dr. Schmidt). They consisted merely in an adult skull lying on its right side and beyond it the left arm with the elbow bent to bring the fingers under the chin. At a distance of 14 inches out from the body lay the fingers of the right hand, but not even a trace of other bones was found. This was all the more remarkable in consideration of the fact that those bones which were discovered were in a comparatively good state of preservation. The level of these remains was + 23 feet. Beneath the body was a horizontal layer of ashes and charcoal, below which in turn were found the remains of an apparently tumbled wall.
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EXPLORATIONS IN TURKESTAN EXPEDITIO
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Ancient Anau and the Oasis-World, a
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VI CONTENTS. I'AGE. CHAPTER XV. OAS
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VIII CONTENTS. PAGE. CIIAPTER XIX.
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X LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. TBXT-PIGUR
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-r frR K "'I'RAN .A'i'P c'l 67 ~- -
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244 PHYSIOGRAPHY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN D
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2,56 PIIYSIOGRAPHY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN
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26)0 IPIYSIOGRAI'IIY OF CENTRAL-ASI
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262 PIIYSIOGRAPHY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN
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266 PHYSIOGRAPHIY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN
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268 PIIYSIOGRAPHY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN
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270 I'IIYSIOGRAPHIY OF CENTRAL-ASIA
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276 PIIYSIOGRAPIIY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN
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DESERTS. 279 short and the base-lev
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DESERTS. 28I The Zerafshan River is
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DESERTS. 283 The principal river wh
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DIESERTS. 285 perhaps tile unconfor
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DESERTS. 287 THE FERGANA BASIN. ITS
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DESERTS. 289 that low relief was di
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DESERTS. 291 THE ARALO-CASPIAN BASI
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- DESERTS. 293 are drowned by the p
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DESERTS. 295 ward over the Hunger S
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DESERTS. 297 Konshin believes to ha
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'1 PLATE 63 NW -
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300 PIIYSIOGRAPIIY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN
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- .-- - _ - -- - 304 PHYSIOGRAPHY O
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3Io PIIYSIOGRAPHIY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN
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OASES. 315 tributary delta descendi
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ut that would not detract from the
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OASES. 319 canal-way to the Djillan
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PLATE 65. r 0 x c K rv U) 0 c -r I
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324 PIIYSIOGRAPIHY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN
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PLATE 67. I
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PLATE 69. e cn er NU1 rp 7 or- r- a
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326 PIIYSIOGRAPIY OF CENTRAL-ASIAN
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OASES. 335 type Ia. But the signifi
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OASES. 337 tributary canal, they bu
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CHAPTER XVI.-INTRODUCTION. The rich
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INTRODUCTION. bones, chiefly the di
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346 ANIMAL REMAINS FROM THE EXCAVAT
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PLATE 72. I-'. I-^ . ,, 't t 11; 1.
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_ _ _- 348 ANIMAL REMAINS FROM THE
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3,56 ANIMAL REMAINS FROM THE EXCAVA
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PLATE 74. 4 Poephagus grunniens and
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PLATE 76. IG. . AMedian part of car
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PLATE 78. "I I 5 FIG. 1. 11asioccip
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ORDO PERISSODACTYLA. 385 of the hea
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-- --- --- __ ORDO PERISSODACTYLA.
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ORDO PERISSODACTYLA. - 389 to that
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__ _- ORDO PERISSODACTYLA. 39I RADI
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PLATE 80. ,e f FIG,. 1. Sus critatl
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FIG. 1. Long-horned ox from NeSpal,
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PLATE 84. C) lDq F 3 0 n,, 11 "O pp
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PLATE 85. 000 0 00 ao 0o 0 0 0 0 0
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CHAPTER XIX. THE HORSE OF ANAU IN I
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FOSSIL AND SUBFOSSIL ORSES AND THEI
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CRANIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN T
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PLATE 87. I 1 .:? i ; : : . . .. i
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PLATE 89. 1 2 F'l(;. 1. Nornma late
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_ _ _ _ _ ~ - 4I2 THE HORSE OF ANAU
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414 THE HORSE OF ANAU IN ITS VARIOU
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--- --- 420 THE HORSE OF ANAU IN IT
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PLATE 91. a It 1u I I s d I r ' I _
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_____ ___ __ 424 THE HORSE OF ANAU
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430 THE IHORSE OF ANAU IN ITS VARIO
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CHAPTER XX.-CONCLUDING REMARKS. We
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CONCLUDING REMARKS. 435 scanty past
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CONCLUDING REMARKS. 437 of inclosur
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CONCLUDING REMARKS. 439 The next pe
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CONCLUDING REMARKS. 441 Mesopotamia
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PART VII. DESCRIPTION OF SOME SKULL
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446 SKULLS FROM ANAU. OTHER SPECIME
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PLATE 93. C I. ; FlI. 1. Imperfect
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EXPLORATIONS IN TURKESTAN

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