Sykes' History of Persia Vol 2 (pdf) - Heritage Institute

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486 HISTORY OF PERSIA and Russia became more acute as the years went by. Both powers were fighting keenly to forward their respective interests, and consequently it was impossible, in the absence of any definite agreement, to avoid friction. Persians have frequently told me that the Tobacco Regie was a very heavy blow to the moral prestige of Great Britain. This was followed by the two loans, both of which were furnished by Russia, but the really crushing blow was the new customs tariff. These blows were mainly delivered while Great Britain was engaged in the South African War and consequently was not free to take a strong line. Against these undoubted shocks to the moral and material prestige of the British Government can only be set the tour of Lord Curzon in the Persian Gulf, the Sistan Boundary Commission and the opening of the Nushki-Sistan route. The appearance of the Viceroy of India in the Persian Gulf in the winter of 1903, escorted by the East India squadron, reacted favourably on the political situation, as it corroborated the statement of policy by Lord Lansdowne in the previous spring. Speaking in the House of Lords, the British Foreign Minister had declared " : I say it without hesitation, we should regard the establishment of a naval base or of a fortified port in the Persian Gulf by any other power as a very grave menace to British interests, and we should certainly resist it with all the means at our disposal." This statement was timely and served as an encouragement to British officials in Persia. It may be noted that during Lord Curzon's tenure of the Viceroyalty increased interest was manifested in Persia by the Government of India. Many new consulates were founded, a trade mission was despatched to south-east Persia, and in every way British commerce was fostered and supported. Owing to these measures British prestige gradually recovered, until the results of the Russo-Japanese struggle modified the policy of Russia in the direction of an understanding with Great Britain.
^- jw li,i ' I " A TITLES OF THE SHAH. CHAPTER LXXXI THE STATE OF PERSIA BEFORE THE REVOLUTION IThe Sovereign, The Pivot of the Universe, The Sultan, His Auspicious Majesty, His Royal Majesty, The King of Kings, The Royal Possessor of Kingdoms. His Majesty the Shadow of Allah, the Khakan. The Titles of the Shah. The Old Order and the New. The recent revolution whereby the old order has given place to the new will be dealt with in the final chapter. It marks the dawn of a fresh period which at it present would be difficult to criticise with profit. In this chapter I am dealing entirely with the state of Persia as I knew it before the revolution, at a time when there was no idea of adopting a constitution modelled on European lines. The Powers of the Shah. The Shah of Persia was an absolute monarch. The saying that " the law of the Medes and Persians altereth not " testifies to this conception of the monarchy in Achaemenian times and ; the proud, nay arrogant, titles of the Shah given as a heading to this chapter embodied the Persian conception of his position as handed down from the bygone centuries. In his person were " fused the threefold functions of government, legislative, executive and judicial. He was the pivot upon which turned the entire machinery of 487
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MACMILLAN AND CO., LONDON BOMBAY CA
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(Through the courtesy of Doctor Ahm
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A HISTORY OF PERSIA BY LIEUT. -CoL.
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-v'l PART OF A PERSIAN HUNTING SCEN
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-. CONTENTS Khorasan under the Cali
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CONTENTS ix CHAPTER LV PAGE THE MON
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CONTENTS xi CHAPTER LXI LITERATURE
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CONTENTS xiii CHAPTER LXVIII PAGE T
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CONTENTS xv CHAPTER LXXIV THE FOUND
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CONTENTS xvii CHAPTER ..... LXXX PA
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xx HISTORY OF PERSIA FACE PAGE . .
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MOHAMED SHAYBANI. MAPS VOL. To illu
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THI-; OPENING SURA OF THE KORAN. CH
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XLIV CAREER OF MOHAMED AT MECCA 3 r
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THE KA.MJ.V (From a Persian MS. in
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6 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. but at la
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8 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. Upon the
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io HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. admired
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12 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. XLIV by
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1 4 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. majorit
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1 6 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. which t
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1 8 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. God to
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20 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. of refus
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22 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. Spain th
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24 HISTORY OF PERSIA derided the im
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26 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. 1. That
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28 HISTORY OF PERSIA Moslems lost 1
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30 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. was stil
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32 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. The Expa
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34 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. The Proc
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3 6 HISTORY OF PERSIA but also in P
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ISLAM UNDER FIRST FOUR CALIPHS 37 H
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(Through the courtesy of H.E. the P
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THE TRAGEDY OF KERBELA 41 stances a
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THE TRAGEDY OF KERBELA 43 arrow, an
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THE PULPIT OF THK MAHDI. (In the Mo
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46 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. XLVII It
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48 HISTORY OF PERSIA Caliph's publi
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50 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. the troo
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52 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. serving
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54 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. The Achi
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56 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. The Abba
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58 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. of the h
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60 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. XLVIH qu
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62 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. is the t
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40 U G H R %.A S /A N Andarabah '^a
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64 HISTORY OF PERSIA c thou art a m
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66 HISTORY OF PERSIA daughter Khayz
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MAMUN AND THE IMAM RIZA. CHAPTER L
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70 HISTORY OF PERSIA and above all
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72 HISTORY OF PERSIA which he at le
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74 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. and on M
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76 HISTORY OF PERSIA China date fro
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78 HISTORY OF PERSIA protest of hum
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80 HISTORY OF PERSIA of hard fighti
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AMR-UL-LAIS. CHAPTER LI THE DECAY O
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84 HISTORY OF PERSIA broke out in e
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CENTRAL ASIA London: Macmilla,n &.
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DECAY OF THE CALIPHATE 85 ruled the
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DECAY OF THE CALIPHATE 87 him, late
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DECAY OF THE CALIPHATK 89 and drove
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DECAY OF THE CALIPHATE 91 succeeded
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'>;>i>t n phot t\$i'af>h I'V Major
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94 HISTORY OF PERSIA robber called
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9 6 HISTORY OF PERSIA able man exte
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, rfl| . TOGHRII, BEG. CHAPTER LII
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ioo HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. invader
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THE SELJUK TURKS 101 the ground, an
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I _ LII THE SELJUK TURKS 103 lifeti
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! played THE SELJUK TURKS 105 vast
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LIT THE SELJUK TURKS 107 The Minist
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LII THE SELJUK TURKS 109 present da
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i ALilik 1X04) THP: SELJUK TURKS 1
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i THE SELJUK TURKS 113 and when rep
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THE SELJUK TURKS 115 Some ten years
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LI, THE SELJUK TURKS 117 at that ti
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CH.LIII DISRUPTION OF SELJUK EMPIRE
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DISRUPTION OF SELJUK EMPIRE 121 and
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DISRUPTION OF SELJUK EMPIRE 123 lef
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a I
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126 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. relatio
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128 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. notice,
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FROM THE "DIWAN" OF NASIR-I-KHUSRU.
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1 32 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. I prop
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i 3 4 HISTORY OF PERSIA Tabaran dis
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PERSIAN LITERATURE 135 was written
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LIV PERSIAN LITERATURE 137 Omar Kha
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LIV PERSIAN LITERATURE 139 mysticis
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X \ & < < --> -1.
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1 42 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. Anothe
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MANGU. CHAPTER LV THE MONGOL CATACL
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146 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. and to
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THE MONGOL CATACLYSM 147 of his imm
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l>fc :* A *! Ti" I I KARA KHITAN, S
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1 50 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. who wa
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1 52 HISTORY OF PERSIA their own bo
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i 5 4 HISTORY OF PERSIA To remedy t
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156 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. for a v
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1 58 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. shot a
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160 HISTORY OF PERSIA was almost ex
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HULAGU. CHAPTER LVI THE EXTINCTION
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164 HISTORY OF PERSIA Tartars, and
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1 66 HISTORY OF PERSIA intrepid sol
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1 68 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. spared
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i yo HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. Karaco
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LVI EXTINCTION OF THE CALIPHATE 171
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LVI EXTINCTION OF THE CALIPHATE 173
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TIIK SIKGK OF BAGHDAD BY HULAGU KUA
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1 76 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP.LVI Ass
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178 HISTORY OF PERSIA Court. She is
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i8o HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. exclaim
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1 82 HISTORY OF PERSIA had been est
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1 84 HISTORY OF PERSIA bad, so that
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1 86 HISTORY OF PERSIA two years la
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GHAZAN. CHAPTER LVIII That which wa
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1 90 HISTORY OF PERSIA thousand men
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LVIII GHAZAN KHAN 191 same Turks, w
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GHAZAN KHAN 193 a secret until he h
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T.VIII GHAZAN KHAN 195 World Conque
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. A,. MX TAMERLANE 197 This act cau
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TAMERLANE. (From F. R. Martin's Min
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200 HISTORY OF PERSIA they answered
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202 HISTORY OF PERSIA which has alr
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204 HISTORY OF PERSIA familiar to h
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1 Vide 206 HISTORY OF PERSIA At the
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2o8 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. Multan
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210 HISTORY OF PERSIA preserved, co
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212 HISTORY OF PERSIA up the water
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TAMERLANE 213 describe." He also re
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THE TOMB OF TAMERLANE. (In the fore
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SHAH RUKH. CHAPTER LX THE TIMURID M
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218 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. A truly
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THE TIMURID MONARCHS 219 throne wit
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THE T1MURID MONARCHS 221 to the Sul
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1 BARER ON HIS THRONK. (From a MS.
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224 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. LX and
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226 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. also ut
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228 HISTORY OF PERSIA upon thee, tu
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2 30 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. This o
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232 HISTORY OF PERSIA O cypress-tre
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234 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. The bel
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236 HISTORY OF PERSIA the Glory of
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2 3 8 HISTORY OF PERSIA colleges, b
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ISMAIL I. CHAPTER LXII THE RISE OF
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242 HISTORY OF PERSIA the throne mu
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244 HISTORY OF PERSIA the Tarikh-i-
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246 HISTORY OF PERSIA janissaries,
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248 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. Baber o
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LXII RISE OF THE SAFAVI DYNASTY 249
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RISE OF THE SAFAVI DYNASTY 251 mort
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LXII RISE OF THE SAFAVI DYNASTY 253
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RISE OF THE SAFAVI DYNASTY 255 993
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SHAH ABBAS THE GREAT 257 two nobles
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A KURDISH VILLA* il.. (From \Yiirrr
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260 HISTORY OF PERSIA \ ^Jj th-disp
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262 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. and pro
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264 HISTORY OF PERSIA mgio army, ho
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266 HISTORY OF PERSIA seclusion, an
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268 HISTORY OF PERSIA credit in an
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270 HISTORY OF PERSIA results becam
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272 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. The Fai
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274 HISTORY OF PERSIA Steele, who h
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276 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP, Jask wa
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278 HISTORY OF PERSIA of the whole
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280 HISTORY OF PERSIA was captured
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282 HISTORY OF PERSIA island empori
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STRUGGLE IN THE PERSIAN GULF 283 in
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CHAP.LXV ARCHITECTURE AND ART 285 a
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LXV ARCHITECTURE AND ART 287 us the
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ARCHITECTURE AND ART 289 added to t
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: . 1 *F t * ' ufl fc> ^#^ty*$frv$*
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mEfflSBWF!8
Page 431 and 432:
ARCHITECTURE AND ART 291 silk carpe
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LXV . ARCHITECTURE AND ART 293 Amer
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m COLLEGE OF SHAH SULTAN HUSAYN, IS
Page 440 and 441:
SHAH HUSAYN. CHAPTER LXVI THE DECLI
Page 442:
298 HISTORY OF PERSIA negative resu
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300 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. force w
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I DECLINE OF SAFAVI DYNASTY 301 of
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DECLINE OF SAFAVI DYNASTY 303 posts
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3 MAHMUD OF GHAZNI. CHAPTER LXVII T
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THE GHILZAIS OF KANDAHAR 307 partic
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THE GHILZAIS OF KANDAHAR 309 false
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I THE GHILZAIS OF KANDAHAR 311 The
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CH...XV.H OVERTHROW OF SAFAVI DYNAS
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LXV,,, OVERTHROW OF SAFAVI DYNASTY
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I. X VIII OVERTHROW OF SAFAV1 DYNAS
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LXV OVERTHROW OF SAFAVI DYNASTY 319
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A.SHKAK. CHAPTER LXIX THE EXPULSION
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EXPULSION OF THE AFGHANS 323 plunde
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EXPULSION OF THE AFGHANS 325 attemp
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EXPULSION OF THE AFGHANS 327 : his
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- /'.ngi-Ht- II. \M.\D.\N WITH MOUN
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330 HISTORY OF PERSIA put to death
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332 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. dynasty
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334 HISTORY OF PERSIA Tahmasp urged
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336 HISTORY OF PERSIA banks. It is
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338 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. LXIX ad
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340 HISTORY OF PERSIA Kuli was a ha
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342 HISTORY OF PERSIA in the name o
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LXX RISE OF NADIR KUl.I 343 Defeati
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RISE OF NADIR KULI 345 until it rea
Page 509:
i Knmi NADIR SHAH, a iVr.si.m pir;-
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348 HISTORY OF PERSIA Moslem empire
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[Purport. HOLOGRAPH DOCUMENT SIGNED
Page 517:
mBHBHHHHHB^Hl^HHHHHBBHHHHBH^BIIHH /
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352 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. the eff
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354 HISTORY OF PERSIA the fortifica
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CONQUESTS OF NADIR SHAH 355 court,
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LXXI CONQUESTS OF NADIR SHAH 357 sa
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';
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NADIR SHAH. CHAPTER LXXII THE LAST
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362 HISTORY OF PERSIA lives to save
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364 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. served
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LAST YEARS OF NADIR SHAH 365 reali/
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LAST YEARS OF NADIR SHAH 367 a ship
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LAST YEARS OF NADIR SHAH 369 and Na
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CH.LXXIH SHORT-LIVED ZAND DYNASTY 3
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fl A BRIDGE ACROSS THE RIVER KARUN.
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374 HISTORY OF PERSIA Meanwhile Kar
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SHORT-LIVED ZAND DYNASTY 375 Husayn
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SHORT-LIVED ZAND DYNASTY 377 Gulf.
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SHORT-LIVED ZAND DYNASTY 379 except
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LUTF AM KUAN. (From ;i picture in t
Page 564:
3 82 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. to sei
Page 568 and 569:
384 HISTORY OF PERSIA unspeakable t
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3 86 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. ately
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388 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. Khan an
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390 HISTORY OF PERSIA " Keianian He
Page 579 and 580:
partly in boats and r' 1 partly by
Page 581:
AGA MAHOMED KHAN. (From an original
Page 584 and 585:
394 HISTORY OF PERSIA ment from Teh
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396 HISTORY OF PERSIA pursuance of
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398 HISTORY OF PERSIA and the Afgha
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R1TISH AND FRENCH MISSIONS 399 The
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,xxv BRITISH AND FRENCH MISSIONS 40
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BRITISH AND FRENCH MISSIONS 403 to
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.xxv BRITISH AND FRENCH MISSIONS 40
Page 599 and 600:
, s BRITISH AND FRENCH MISSIONS 407
Page 601 and 602:
ixxv BRITISH AND FRENCH MISSICT 409
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n. ixxv, DISASTROUS CAMPAIGNS 411 s
Page 605:
- 1
Page 608 and 609:
4H HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. She cede
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i 4 6 HISTORY OF PERSIA This act le
Page 613 and 614:
DISASTROUS CAMPAIGNS 417 Luke, the
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however, spared, DISASTROUS CAMPAIG
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: DISASTROUS CAMPAIGNS 421 and at l
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SHAH. CHAPTER LXXVII PERSIAN AGGRES
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j AGGRESSION ON AFGHANISTAN 425 to
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: LXXVII AGGRESSION ON AFGHAN 427 h
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LXXVI, AGGRESSION ON AFGHANISTAN 42
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AGGRESSION ON AFGHANISTAN support t
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AGGRESSION ON AFGHANISTAN 433 comer
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AGGRESSION ON AFGHANISTAN 435 besie
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LXXVII AGGRESSION ON AFGHANISTAN 43
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AGGRESSION ON AFGHANISTAN 439 invad
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MOIIAMEU SHAH. CHAPTER LXXVIII THE
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THE PERSO-AFGHAN QUESTION 443 son o
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'nll ,1 />': THK SHKI.NI. OF KIKMA
Page 648 and 649:
446 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. For a w
Page 651 and 652: I.XXVHI THE PERSO-AFGHAN (Jl 1 I IO
Page 653 and 654: LXXVIII THE PERSO-AFGHAN QUESTION 4
Page 655 and 656: THE PERSO-AFGHAN QUESTION 451 .1 th
Page 657 and 658: THE PERSO-AFGHAN (j ION of our stat
Page 661 and 662: THE PERSO-AFGHAN QUESTION 455 were
Page 663 and 664: LXXVIII THE PERSO-AFGHAN QUESTION 4
Page 665 and 666: . HAP. LXXIX ENVELOPMENT OF PERSIA
Page 667 and 668: LXXIX ENVELOPMENT OF PERSIA 461 vot
Page 669 and 670: ENVELOPMENT OF PERSIA 463 the victo
Page 673 and 674: LXXIX ENVELOPMENT OF PERSIA 465 mus
Page 677 and 678: LXXIX ENVELOPMENT OF PERSIA 467 sov
Page 681 and 682: ENVELOPMENT OF PERSIA 469 Ladgasht,
Page 683 and 684: ENVELOPMENT OF PERSIA 471 Summary.
Page 685 and 686: CH.LXXX THE AWAKENING OF PERSIA 473
Page 687 and 688: ; rifles . ' THE AWAKENING OF PERSI
Page 689: II.I.M. \ASIK-U-I)IN. (Through the
Page 692 and 693: 478 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. Imperia
Page 694 and 695: 4 8o HISTORY OF PERSIA path, but in
Page 696 and 697: 482 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. was ava
Page 698 and 699: 484 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. moderat
Page 701: IKX THE AWAKENING OF PERSIA 485 Ali
Page 707 and 708: PERSIA BEFORE THE REVOLUTION 489 ap
Page 709 and 710: PERSIA BEFORE THE REVOLUTION 491 ve
Page 713 and 714: PERSIA BEFORE THE REVOLUTION 493 4.
Page 715 and 716: PERSIA BEFORE THE REVOLUTION 495 a
Page 719 and 720: PERSIA BEFORE THE REVOLUTION 497 co
Page 721 and 722: PERSIA BEFORE THE REVOLUTION 499 le
Page 723 and 724: GRANTING OF A CONSTITUTION 501 inte
Page 725 and 726: xii GRANTING OF A CONSTITUTION 503
Page 727: ' H.H. THK KARMAN KARMA.
Page 730 and 731: ' 506 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. princ
Page 732 and 733: 508 HISTORY OF PERSIA CHAP. a stude
Page 735 and 736: GRANTING OF A CONSTITUTION 509 peop
Page 737: GRANTING OF A CONSTITUTION 5 1 1 wo
Page 740 and 741: 5H HISTORY OF PERSIA Coinage of Lyd
Page 742 and 743: 516 HISTORY OF PERSIA India in the
Page 744 and 745: 518 HISTORY OF PERSIA Song of the R
Page 746 and 747: 520 HISTORY OF PERSIA Abul Hasan, M
Page 748 and 749: 522 HISTORY OF PERSIA Alikhanoff, R
Page 750 and 751: 524 HISTORY OF PERSIA Arsaces (son
Page 752 and 753:
HISTORY OF PERSIA foundation of, 65
Page 754 and 755:
, Callias, HISTORY OF PERSIA Butene
Page 756 and 757:
530 HISTORY OF PERSIA Constantius,
Page 758 and 759:
532 HISTORY OF PERSIA Duranri, Sir
Page 760 and 761:
534 HISTORY OF PERSIA Gandash (or G
Page 762 and 763:
536 HISTORY OF PERSIA 455 - 456 ; c
Page 764 and 765:
538 HISTORY OF PERSIA Hi, River, i.
Page 766 and 767:
540 HISTORY OF PERSIA Kalposh, mead
Page 768 and 769:
542 HISTORY OF PERSIA Kizilbash tri
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544 HISTORY OF PERSIA Malik Dinar,
Page 772 and 773:
54 6 HISTORY OF PERSIA Mithradates,
Page 774 and 775:
548 HISTORY OF PERSIA Nasrulla Mirz
Page 776 and 777:
550 HISTORY OF PERSIA defeat by the
Page 778 and 779:
55 2 HISTORY OF PERSIA expedition o
Page 780 and 781:
554 HISTORY OF PERSIA Pison, River,
Page 782 and 783:
556 HISTORY OF PERSIA 471 Kobad's f
Page 784 and 785:
558 HISTORY OF PERSIA 313, 314, 315
Page 786 and 787:
560 HISTORY OF PERSIA Su, lake of,
Page 788 and 789:
S 62 HISTORY OF PERSIA Tiglath-pile
Page 790 and 791:
HISTORY OF PERSIA Vonones II., i. 4
Page 793 and 794:
A'K THE SAME AUTHOR. 8vo. i os. net
Page 797:
PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS
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