rural-urban dynamics_report.pdf - Khazar University

GLOBAL MONITORING REPORT 2013 RURAL-URBAN DISPARITIES AND DYNAMICS 87
TABLE 2.1 Poverty rates are falling in both urban and rural areas but are lower in urban areas
Share of the population below $1.25 a day
1990 1996 2002 2008
rural urban rural urban rural urban rural urban
East Asia and Pacific 67.5 24.4 45.9 13.0 39.2 6.9 20.4 4.3
Europe and Central Asia 2.2 0.9 6.3 2.8 4.4 1.1 1.2 0.2
Latin America and the Caribbean 21.0 7.4 20.3 6.3 20.3 8.3 13.2 3.1
Middle East and North Africa 9.1 1.9 5.6 0.9 7.5 1.2 4.1 0.8
South Asia 50.5 40.1 46.1 35.2 45.1 35.2 38.0 29.7
Sub-Saharan Africa 55.0 41.5 56.8 40.6 52.3 41.4 47.1 33.6
Total 52.5 20.5 43.0 17.0 39.5 15.1 29.4 11.6
Source: World Bank staff calculations.
ibrd 39872
april 2013
MAP 2.1
Povery is becoming more urban in more urbanized regions
% people living in an agglomerated area
0 40 50 55 60
100
Rural poor
Urban poor
Source: GMR 2013 team.
Note: The agglomeration index was developed by the WDR 2009 team. They define an agglomerated area as having these metrics: a settlement’s population size (more than 50,000
people); population density (more than 150 people per square kilometer); and travel time to the nearest large city (60 minutes). The graduated circles are roughly proportional to the
total poor population and show the relative share of rural and urban poor.
small cities, to megacities (figure 2.3). In
2010, some 17.5 percent of the urban population
in developing countries lived in cities
of 5 million or more; 31 percent lived in cities
of 0.5 to 5 million, and 51 percent lived
in smaller towns (table 2.2) (UN 2011). The
distribution of the urban poor follows a similar
pattern, with the smallest share living in
megacities and larger shares living in medium
and small towns. Indeed, the large cities are
not necessarily places where the poor are also
concentrated (table 2.3).