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244 Chapter 15: Into Morecambe Bay its tributaries are notable for the number of medieval and later halls and manor houses, later adapted for a variety of contemporary uses. As the Lune flows on in its widening floodplain, it is joined by becks from the Bowland Fells, an area of millstone grit forming a wild, windswept, upland plateau of bog and heath. Just north of Lancaster, the Lune becomes tidal and enters the Morecambe Coast and Lune Estuary Character Area. Here the low-lying land is covered with glacial and alluvial deposits and was once an area of fens, marshes and bogs. Today, it has been largely drained to provide pasture but there are still extensive areas of inter-tidal marshes. Finally, joining the Lune estuary, are rivers and drainage channels from the flat lands of the northern Fylde, part of the Lancashire and Amounderness Plain. From this great variety of landscape types derives a range of human activities, although the Lune and its tributaries remain relatively undeveloped. It also provides such varied scenery and specific habitats for wildlife that much of the area has been recognised nationally and internationally, through designations as parts of National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Most of the region is farmed but even the areas that seem most like wilderness require a delicate balance between conservation and development, between the past and the future. Even within such an apparently timeless region as Loyne, the threat of the future looms. On many mornings I set off to investigate a part of Loyne without a cloud in the sky. As the day progressed and the boots became muddier and the legs became wearier, so the sky often became hazier. But this was usually not a natural haze. It was caused by the vapour trails of the jets crossing the Loyne skies. The Loyne is on a busy flight path: often I could count a dozen or more jets in the sky at one moment. As I wander on the green hills and among the grey villages of Loyne, many thousand people a day cross the skies above me. Clearly, I am misguided. I am envious of people who have acquired a sufficiently deep appreciation of their local surroundings and can, in a week or two, similarly appreciate wherever they are off to. Perhaps I should join them, but I suspect that I will look forward most to seeing those green hills and grey villages out of the jet’s windows as I return. The last view of the Lune, at high tide from the embankment beyond Fluke Hall, with the Bowland Fells in the distance. This is Chapter 15 of The Land of the Lune (2nd edition), http://www.drakkar.co.uk/landofthelune.html, Copyright © 2010 John Self
Bibliography and References Bibliography and References 245 Abram, Chris (2006), The Lune Valley: Our Heritage (DVD). Alston, Robert (2003), Images of England: Lancaster and the Lune Valley, Stroud: Tempus Publishing Ltd. Ashworth, Susan and Dalziel, Nigel (1999), Britain in Old Photographs: Lancaster & District, Stroud: Budding Books. Baines, Edward (1824), History, Directory and Gazetteer of the County Palatine of Lancaster. Bentley, John and Bentley, Carol (2005), Ingleton History Trail. Bibby, Andrew (2005), Forest of Bowland (Freedom to Roam Guide), London: Francis Lincoln Ltd. Birkett, Bill (1994), Complete Lakeland Fells, London: Collins Willow. Boulton, David (1988), Discovering Upper Dentdale, Dent: Dales Historical Monographs. British Geological Survey (2002), British Regional Geology: The Pennines and Adjacent Areas, Nottingham: British Geological Survey. Bull, Stephen (2007), Triumphant Rider: The Lancaster Roman Cavalry Stone, Lancaster: Lancashire Museums. Camden, William (1610), Britannia. Carr, Joseph (1871-1897), Bygone Bentham, Blackpool: Landy. Champness, John (1993), Lancaster Castle: a Brief History, Preston: Lancashire County Books. Cockcroft, Barry (1975), The Dale that Died, London: Dent. Copeland, B.M. (1981), Whittington: the Story of a Country Estate, Leeds: W.S. Maney & Son Ltd. Cunliffe, Hugh (2004), The Story of Sunderland Point. Dalziel, Nigel and Dalziel, Phillip (2001), Britain in Old Photographs: Kirkby Lonsdale & District, Stroud: Sutton Publishing Ltd. Denbigh, Paul (1996), Views around Ingleton, Ingleton and District Tradespeople’s Association. Dugdale, Graham (2006), Curious Lancashire Walks, Lancaster: Palatine Books. Elder, Melinda (1992), The Slave Trade and the Economic Development of 18th Century Lancaster, Keele: Keele University Press. Garnett, Emmeline and Ogden, Bert (1997), Illustrated Wray Walk, Lancaster: Pagefast Ltd. Gibson, Leslie Irving (1977), Lancashire Castles and Towers, Skipton: Dalesman Books. Gooderson, Philip (1995), Lord Linoleum: Lord Ashton, Lancaster and the Rise of the British Oilcloth and Linoleum Industry, Keele: Keele University Press. Gray, Thomas (1769), A Guide to the Lakes, in Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire, Kendal: Pennington. Halton Rectory (1900), Annals of the Parish of Halton. Harding, Mike (1988), Walking the Dales, London: Michael Joseph. Hayes, Gareth (2004), Odd Corners around the Howgills, Kirkby Stephen: Hayloft. Hayhurst, John (1995), Glasson Dock - the survival of a village, Lancaster: Centre for North-West Regional Studies. Hindle, Brian Paul (1984), Roads and Trackways of the Lake District, Ashbourne: Moorland Publishing. Hindle, David and Wilson, John (2005), Birdwatching Walks in Bowland, Lancaster: Palatine Books. Hudson, Phil (1998), Coal Mining in Lunesdale, Settle: Hudson History. Hudson, Phil (2000), Take a Closer Look at Wenningdale Mills, Settle: Hudson History. Humphries, Muriel (1985), A History of the Ingleton Waterfalls Walk, Ingleton Scenery Company. Hutton, Rev. John (1780), A Tour to the Caves, in the Environs of Ingleborough and Settle, in the West-Riding of Yorkshire. With some Philosophical Conjectures on the Deluge, Remarks on the Origin of Fountains, and Observations on the Ascent and Descent of Vapours, occasioned by Facts peculiar to the Places visited, Kendal: Pennington. Johnson, David (2008), Ingleborough: Landscape and History, Lancaster: Carnegie Publishing. Johnson, Lou, ed. (2005), Walking Britain (on-line guide). Johnson, Thos (1872), A Pictorial Handbook to the Valley of the Lune and Gossiping Guide to Morecambe and District. Jones, Clement (1948), A Tour in Westmorland, Kendal: Titus Wilson & Son. Kenyon, David (2008), Wray and District Remembered. Lancashire County Council (2006), Lancaster: Historic Town Assessment Report, Preston, Lancashire County Council. Lancaster Group of the Ramblers’ Association (2005), Walks in the Lune Valley. Lord, A.A. (1983), Wandering in Bowland, Kendal: Westmorland Gazette. Marshall, Brian (2001), Cockersand Abbey, Blackpool: Landy. Mason, Sara (1994), The Church and Parish of Tunstall. Mitchell, W.R. (2004), Bowland and Pendle Hill, Chichester: Phillimore & Co. Ltd. Mitchell, W.R. (2005), Around Morecambe Bay, Chichester: Phillimore & Co. Ltd. These are the last pages of The Land of the Lune (2nd edition), http://www.drakkar.co.uk/landofthelune.html, Copyright © 2010 John Self
Page 1 and 2:
The Land of the Lune John Self
Page 3 and 4:
The Land of the Lune A guide to the
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The Land of the Lune - and its trib
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Contents Introduction 9 1. Northern
Page 9 and 10:
The Land of the Lune - and its trib
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Acknowledgements Writing a general
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Chapter 9: Gretadale and a little m
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CHAPTER 1: Northern Howgills and Or
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The River Lune ... A great oak may
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Looking down Bowderdale Bowderdale
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The Lune from Bowderdale Beck ... T
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A walker near the head of Langdale
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Rais Beck gathers pace as it passes
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ancient earthworks on the Orton Fel
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The Lune from Chapel Beck ... Immed
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CHAPTER 2: Shap Fells and Birkbeck
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Birk Beck Birk Beck arises in Wasda
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Bretherdale Beck Bretherdale Beck r
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The Lune from Birk Beck ... At thei
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The Lune below Jeffrey’s Mount Wa
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Borrow Beck 41 This is Chapter 2 of
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44 Chapter 2: Shap Fells and Birkbe
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46 Chapter 3: Western Howgills and
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Page 51 and 52:
The Lune from Carlingill Beck ... A
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The presence of dippers along any b
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Walk 6: Lowgill and Brown Moor Holy
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Page 62 and 63:
62 Chapter 4: Upper Rawtheydale The
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64 Chapter 4: Upper Rawtheydale Sea
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66 Chapter 4: Upper Rawtheydale Sal
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68 Chapter 4: Upper Rawtheydale the
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74 Chapter 4: Upper Rawtheydale Clo
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78 Chapter 4: Upper Rawtheydale Bau
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80 Chapter 5: Lower Rawtheydale and
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94 Chapter 6: Middleton Fell Hall B
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96 Chapter 6: Middleton Fell Killin
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98 Chapter 6: Middleton Fell Stockd
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100 Chapter 6: Middleton Fell The L
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102 Chapter 6: Middleton Fell Barbo
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104 Chapter 6: Middleton Fell Crag
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106 Chapter 6: Middleton Fell a doc
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108 Chapter 7: Middle Lunesdale and
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124 Chapter 8: The Greta Headwaters
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The roof was so high, and the botto
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140 Chapter 9: Gretadale and a litt
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154 Chapter 10: The Wenning Headwat
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156 Chapter 10: The Wenning Headwat
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Opposite: Ingleborough from Moughto
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active area long ago - long before
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Fen Beck Fen Beck arises on the eas
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often evidence, in the form of old
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silence is complete, apart from bir
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CHAPTER 11: Wenningdale, Hindburnda
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The Wenning from Keasden Beck ... T
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is split into four smaller cast-iro
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The River Hindburn By the time it r
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in spring is not, however, in silen
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Furnessford Bridge, although the 18
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182 Chapter 11: Wenningdale, Hindbu
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184 Chapter 11: Wenningdale, Hindbu
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CHAPTER 12: The Lune Floodplain and
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The Lune from the Wenning ... The a
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ather than shale, has been reached
Page 193 and 194: there are remains of about thirty c
Page 195 and 196: The Lune from Bull Beck ... The ste
Page 197 and 198: Foxdale Beck passes Littledale Hall
Page 199 and 200: four Roman miles from Lancaster, wh
Page 201 and 202: CHAPTER 13: The Lune to Lancaster
Page 203 and 204: The Lune from Artle Beck ... After
Page 205 and 206: entirely natural. Within Loyne the
Page 207 and 208: Halton washed away. This was swept
Page 209 and 210: Turner sketched it on his 1797 tour
Page 211 and 212: castle and priory now framed by the
Page 213 and 214: with the Dissolution of the Monaste
Page 215 and 216: St George’s Quay from the Millenn
Page 217 and 218: CHAPTER 14: The Salt Marshes
Page 219 and 220: The Lune from Lancaster ... Beyond
Page 221 and 222: Burrow Beck We followed the Roman r
Page 223 and 224: The River Conder The River Conder a
Page 225 and 226: from Clougha Pike. The valley seems
Page 227 and 228: nearby Church of St Thomas and St E
Page 229 and 230: The Lune from the Conder ... East o
Page 231 and 232: CHAPTER 15: Into Morecambe Bay
Page 233 and 234: The Lune from the Conder (continued
Page 235 and 236: then walk south along the coast. Th
Page 237 and 238: largest remaining uncultivated peat
Page 239 and 240: The remains of Cockersand Abbey Wal
Page 241 and 242: that there was a large local commun
Page 243: Reflections from the Point of Lune
Page 247 and 248: Contact Details for Further Informa
Page 249 and 250: Contact Details for Further Informa
Page 251 and 252: Austwick Game Cock Inn “ 51226 ht
Page 253 and 254: Tourist/Visitor Information Centres
Page 255 and 256: Bridge End (Caton) 198 Bridge End (
Page 257 and 258: Foul Gutter 125 Foundry Beck 207 Fo
Page 259 and 260: Leck Beck 105, 114-121, 117, 119, 1
Page 261 and 262: Ripley Orphanage 213 Rise Hill 75-7
Page 263 and 264: Walk 23: Ward’s Stone 225 Walk 24
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