INTEGRATED PROTECTED AREA CO-MANAGEMENT (IPAC) - BIDS

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adequate water. This will at the same time help reduce water logging which is a major issue in SIZ areas. With regard to agriculture, specialized crops such as salt-tolerant and soil-less species have to be promoted. Although planting more trees (especially coconut trees, or even mangrove plantation) along embankments and roads is already practiced, further efforts need to be stepped up in this respect. The soil-less cultivation system (i.e. hydroponics system) has already been practiced by some actors as an adaptation against potential sea level rise and climate change. A large majority of population in SIZ areas, particularly women community, heavily depends on livestock and poultry for their livelihood. While they have already taken some adaptations the actors by and large suggested that livestock pasture be widely cultivated in newly developed char areas, instead of leasing them out as a preparation to climate change and seal level rise in the future. The actors suggested undertaking further and massive social forestry program apart from what have already been implemented. It is important to strengthen afforestation program by planting salinity-tolerant and local species of trees in future to deal with climate change. The actors suggested that massive public awareness campaign be undertaken including preparedness training on potential sea-level rise and its impacts. Table 3.23: Adaptations/mitigations/preparedness taken/suggested by SRF actors to deal with climate change Possible effects of CC on Recommended/Practiced Adaptations Cyclone • Raise homestead (already practiced due to storm surge) • Strengthen coastal afforestation programs (already practiced) • Construct multipurpose shelters • Construct floating shelters in and around SRF • Ensure availability of drinking water • Ensure effective early warning system • Increase volunteers in SRF locations • Raise public awareness and provide preparedness training Flooding • Increase introducing soil-less floating crops (already practiced) • Increase height of embankments cum roads along rivers and sea • Excavate canals around SRF • Raise and construct pucca houses (already practiced) • Plant more trees (especially coconut tree) along embankments (already practiced) • Undertake massive social forestry program with the help of SRF population • Conserve forest resources with the help of local people • Increase navigation by dredging 58
• Set up hand-driven tube-well at elevated places • Raise land level with the spoils obtained from excavation of canal • Change cropping time/pattern (practiced) • Introduce mixed cropping (practiced) • Increase raised ponds for fish culture (practiced) • Cultivate fish and crop suitable for saline water • Innovate short-time HYV rice Water Logging • Excavate canals around SRF • Carry out canal/river excavation (practiced) • Raise roads and houses (practiced) • Construct planned and adequate sluice gates along embankment • Introduce local technology in constructing embankments • Decentralize financial and other management and construct sluice gates in planned way for water drainage Salinity • In order to protect soil from salinity and hence increase soil fertility stop shrimp culture • Strengthen aforestation program by planting salinity-tolerant and local species of trees • Increase coconut cultivation and devise crops/fish species tolerant to salt (practiced) • Carry out canal excavation (practiced) • Increase rain water harvesting and Pond-Sand-Filter (practiced) • Ensure provision of fresh water inside SRF • Introduce mangrove planting • Introduce salinity-tolerant paddy and fish Forest resources • Raise awareness campaigns on importance of SRF; motivate to plant trees along seashore, roadsides and river banks (practiced) • Undertake afforestation and effective forest resource conservation programs with help from local people and local government • Use alternatives to fuel wood for brickfield and domestic cooking • Take legal action against illegal loggers of forest resources and strengthen Coast Guard activities • Formulate national plan for marine and bio-diversity conservation, raise public awareness and develop safe zone for favorable habitat of animals • Implement coastal fisheries resource conservation policies • Raise walls of fishing firms (practiced) 59
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INTEGRATED PROTECTED AREA CO-MANAGE
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Washington, DC 20036 202-289-0100 F
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money lenders) who were often suspi
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2.1 Profile of SIZ Districts ......
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5.3.6 Shrimp Small (galda and bagda
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Table 3.13: Distance of harvest pla
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Table 5.20: Distribution of SRF act
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Figure 5.1: Basic structure of SRF
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Figure 5.55: Distribution of income
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Acronyms and Abbreviations ACF = As
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Glossary Arat Aratdar Bahaddar Baza
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In particular, the study is expecte
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Characteristics of SRF Actors and P
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The most difficult problem that had
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GDP and Livelihoods Based on availa
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Occupation Pattern of SRF Collector
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Chapter 4: Mapping for Core Steps a
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Nevertheless, the shrimp fry collec
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Crab Chain: Collector ⇒ Mahajan
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Value addition and return for gura
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Value addition and return for hilsh
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Wholesaler 3.1 26.1 19.3 Retailer 1
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Crab Crab collectors provide the hi
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Distribution of Actors Income - Inc
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Shrimp Large (galda and bagda) The
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Majhis/Beparis (9.5 %), Choto Mahaj
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of value chains, in terms of return
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Service Centers and Financial Suppo
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those leased-out canals. There shou
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Infrastructure of web-cam through o
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Chapter 1: Introduction, Study Back
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Although the resource users are bla
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advocates of conservation in return
Page 68 and 69: 1.4.1 Principal Tools Briefly, the
Page 70 and 71: Shrimps have been divided into four
Page 72 and 73: In the process of our consultations
Page 74 and 75: The value chain framework, which is
Page 76 and 77: The study carries out micro level a
Page 78 and 79: an idea about possible market power
Page 80 and 81: Table 1.4: Usual harvest time of SR
Page 82 and 83: others, occupational pattern, incom
Page 84 and 85: Chapter 2: SIZ District and Upazila
Page 86: Map 2.2: Map of SIZ Districts: Khul
Page 89 and 90: Table 2.2: Proportion of SIZ area a
Page 91 and 92: SIZ 58 55.7 93 44.5 5 25 Districts
Page 93 and 94: Figure 2.5: Per capita district GDP
Page 95 and 96: Figure 2.7: SIZ per capita lands by
Page 97 and 98: CHAPTER 3 FINDINGS FROM THE SURVEY
Page 99 and 100: Satkhira 60 25.3 Pirojpur 11 4.6 Ba
Page 101 and 102: Retailer 107.2 30.2 All 87.5 48.7 F
Page 103 and 104: Like in other harvests, some of the
Page 105 and 106: Aratdars (11.6%) and Farias/Beparis
Page 107 and 108: Table 3.13: Distance of harvest pla
Page 109 and 110: Hantal 1.0 16.0 1.0 1.0 19.0 All 1.
Page 111 and 112: 8.Unemployed 7.Self-employed 6.Cons
Page 113 and 114: Table 3.19: Repayment mode in SRF t
Page 115 and 116: In spite of the above, dadon is pre
Page 117: Incidence of pests 8.9 24.9 48.1 7.
Page 121 and 122: 3.5 Historical Moratorium on SRF Pr
Page 123 and 124: Chandpai .15* - 1.62** .16* .17* .1
Page 125 and 126: CHAPTER 4 MAPPING FOR CORE STEPS AN
Page 127 and 128: Table 4.1: Sectors and products und
Page 129 and 130: We start with timber 4.3.1 Timber -
Page 131 and 132: 4.3.3 Fish The fish sector consists
Page 134 and 135: Shrimp (Galda and Bagda) Chain 1: F
Page 136 and 137: Flow chart 4.8: Value chain for Cra
Page 138 and 139: Average number of boats involved in
Page 140 and 141: ola Khulna 1019 200 58 31 10 2 12 1
Page 142 and 143: year. On the assumption that one ac
Page 144 and 145: 600 569 000 no. 500 400 300 200 225
Page 146 and 147: Table 4.11: Proportions of SRF prod
Page 148 and 149: Figure 4.7: Volume of products (%)
Page 150 and 151: Chapter 5: Value Chain Analysis for
Page 152 and 153: Beparis sell, in addition to Choto
Page 154 and 155: Volume of trade The price value add
Page 156 and 157: 5.2.2 Gura Fish As large network of
Page 158 and 159: 140 Gura fish selling price (Tk per
Page 160 and 161: A specific group of people having g
Page 162 and 163: Sada fish gross return (monthly) by
Page 164 and 165: Net/boat owners are actually Mahaja
Page 166 and 167: Figure 5.17: Hilsha gross return (T
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Gross returns and net returns Aratd
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Figure 5.23: Shrimp galda large net
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Figure 5.25: Shrimp bagda large sel
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Table 5.7: Value addition and retur
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Figure 5.31: Shrimp galda small net
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Figure 5.36: Shrimp bagda small val
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Average selling Price/piece Price V
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Figure 5.40: Shrimp fry galda value
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Shrimp fry bagda value addition (%)
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Crab gross return (monthly) by acto
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Note: See note under Table 5.1. (10
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Honey net return (monthly) by actor
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The degree of inequality is quite h
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Cumulative income share (%) 100 80
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Figure 5.59: Lorenz curve: Gura fis
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Decile 8 14.6 Decile 9 17.9 Decile
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Annual income level (%) of SRF Acto
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Actors Monthly income Duration (Mon
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Table 5.24: Annual income level of
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Annual income level (%) of SRF Acto
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anking actors, it can be seen that
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In terms of distribution by deciles
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Table 5.32: Annual income level of
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Decile 3 2.9 Decile 4 3.9 Decile 5
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CHAPTER 6 CONCLUDING REMARKS AND PO
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actors community). Our survey findi
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The foremost policy, therefore, wil
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nets” to the collectors, along wi
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empowerment, awareness and overall
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of co-management. That co-managemen
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SRF collectors as a major problem o
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the problem as very high is more th
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Bernacsek, G. and E. Haque (2001).
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Kleih Ulrich (2003). “Fish Distri
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