INTEGRATED PROTECTED AREA CO-MANAGEMENT (IPAC) - BIDS

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Table 5.32: Annual income level of SRF actors: All products Actors Annual Income (SRF product) Collector 53632 4.90 Majhi/Bepari 98936 9.05 Choto Mahajan 100361 9.18 Boro Mahajan 261664 23.92 Aratdar 349197 31.93 Wholesaler 158195 14.46 Retailer 71813 6.57 Total 1093799 100.00 Note: Non-peak months are standardized with corresponding number of days worked. % Figure 5.80: Annual income level (%) of SRF actors: All products Annual income level (%) of SRF Actors: SRF product Retailer 7% Collector 5% Majhi/Bepari 9% Wholesaler 14% Choto Mahajan 9% Aratdar 32% Boro Mahajan 24% The skewness in income distribution can also be looked at from the sub-aggregate levels. The income distribution appears to be highly skewed in the SIZ area (Table 5.33). While the bottom half (Deciles 1 to 5) of the actors have 15.4 percent of the total income, the top half (Deciles 6 to 10) of the actors accounted for as much as 84.5 percent of the total income. It can be seen that , the proportion of decile 1 to decile 10 is as high as 1:29. Across various products, the proportion 152
of decile 1 to decile 10 varies from 1:17 to as high as 1:43 (See Figures 5.81 and 5.82). The estimate of Gini coefficients varies from 0.40 to 0.53. The gini coefficient, measuring income inequality, for the SIZ area as a whole is estimated as 0.52. As was evident from previous section, the gini coefficients for individual products estimated in the range of 0.40 to 0.52. One can mention, in this context, findings from a study conducted by <strong>BIDS</strong> (where the author was involved as Team Leader). It was found that in the coastal districts the gini coefficients vary from 0.19 to 0.36. In no cases, gini coefficients for any of the coastal districts is higher than or close to that in the SIZ area. In fact, the coefficients in the SIZ estimate much higher, indicating that so far the SRF actors’ income is concerned the SIZ area is characterized by severe inequality in income. Table 5.33: Income distribution and income inequality in SIZ area Proportion of income (%) at SRF Products Top half Bottom half (Decile 6 to (Decile 1 to 5) 10) Proportion of Decile 1 to 10 Gini coefficient Golpata 16.6 83.4 1 : 20.5 0.51 Gura fish 14.2 85.8 1 : 33.5 0.53 Sada (white) large fish 20.3 79.7 1 : 19.1 0.44 Hilsha 16.4 83.6 1 : 42.9 0.48 Shrimp large (galda) NA NA NA NA Shrimp large (bagda) NA NA NA NA Shrimp small (Galda) NA NA NA NA Shrimp small (bagda) NA NA NA NA Shrimp fry (galda and 21.5 78.5 1 : 40.9 0.44 bagda) Crab 15.5 84.5 1 : 34.8 0.52 Honey 22.2 77.8 1 : 17.1 0.40 All products 15.5 84.5 1 : 29.3 0.52 Table 5.34: Findings on income inequality (gini coefficients) for selected coastal districts Area 1 (2 villages) Area 1 (1 village) Coastal districts Proportion of Proportion of Gini coefficient Decile 1 to 10 Decile 1 to 10 Gini coefficient Jessore 1 : 6.5 0.34 1 : 4.5 0.26 Khulna 1 : 4.7 0.27 1 : 3.2 0.19 Barisal 1 : 9.1 0.36 1 : 5.4 0.26 Patuakhali 1 : 9.1 0.36 1 : 7.3 0.34 Gopalgonj 1 : 5.3 0.28 1 : 4.6 0.27 Laxmipur 1 : 9.8 0.36 1 : 8.2 0.36 Cox’s Bazar 1 : 6.8 0.33 1 : 4.0 0.22 Source: Islam et al (2008), <strong>BIDS</strong>. Table 5.35: Distribution of SRF actors income (All SRF Products) Income decile of actors Percentage share of income All SRF products Decile 1 1.4 Decile 2 2.1 153
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INTEGRATED PROTECTED AREA CO-MANAGE
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Washington, DC 20036 202-289-0100 F
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money lenders) who were often suspi
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2.1 Profile of SIZ Districts ......
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5.3.6 Shrimp Small (galda and bagda
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Table 3.13: Distance of harvest pla
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Table 5.20: Distribution of SRF act
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Figure 5.1: Basic structure of SRF
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Figure 5.55: Distribution of income
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Acronyms and Abbreviations ACF = As
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Glossary Arat Aratdar Bahaddar Baza
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In particular, the study is expecte
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Characteristics of SRF Actors and P
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The most difficult problem that had
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GDP and Livelihoods Based on availa
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Occupation Pattern of SRF Collector
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Chapter 4: Mapping for Core Steps a
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Nevertheless, the shrimp fry collec
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Crab Chain: Collector ⇒ Mahajan
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Value addition and return for gura
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Value addition and return for hilsh
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Wholesaler 3.1 26.1 19.3 Retailer 1
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Crab Crab collectors provide the hi
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Distribution of Actors Income - Inc
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Shrimp Large (galda and bagda) The
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Majhis/Beparis (9.5 %), Choto Mahaj
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of value chains, in terms of return
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Service Centers and Financial Suppo
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those leased-out canals. There shou
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Infrastructure of web-cam through o
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Chapter 1: Introduction, Study Back
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Although the resource users are bla
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advocates of conservation in return
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1.4.1 Principal Tools Briefly, the
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Shrimps have been divided into four
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In the process of our consultations
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The value chain framework, which is
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The study carries out micro level a
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an idea about possible market power
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Table 1.4: Usual harvest time of SR
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others, occupational pattern, incom
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Chapter 2: SIZ District and Upazila
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Map 2.2: Map of SIZ Districts: Khul
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Table 2.2: Proportion of SIZ area a
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SIZ 58 55.7 93 44.5 5 25 Districts
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Figure 2.5: Per capita district GDP
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Figure 2.7: SIZ per capita lands by
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CHAPTER 3 FINDINGS FROM THE SURVEY
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Satkhira 60 25.3 Pirojpur 11 4.6 Ba
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Retailer 107.2 30.2 All 87.5 48.7 F
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Like in other harvests, some of the
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Aratdars (11.6%) and Farias/Beparis
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Table 3.13: Distance of harvest pla
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Hantal 1.0 16.0 1.0 1.0 19.0 All 1.
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8.Unemployed 7.Self-employed 6.Cons
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Table 3.19: Repayment mode in SRF t
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In spite of the above, dadon is pre
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Incidence of pests 8.9 24.9 48.1 7.
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• Set up hand-driven tube-well at
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3.5 Historical Moratorium on SRF Pr
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Chandpai .15* - 1.62** .16* .17* .1
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CHAPTER 4 MAPPING FOR CORE STEPS AN
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Table 4.1: Sectors and products und
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We start with timber 4.3.1 Timber -
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4.3.3 Fish The fish sector consists
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Shrimp (Galda and Bagda) Chain 1: F
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Flow chart 4.8: Value chain for Cra
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Average number of boats involved in
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ola Khulna 1019 200 58 31 10 2 12 1
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year. On the assumption that one ac
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600 569 000 no. 500 400 300 200 225
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Table 4.11: Proportions of SRF prod
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Figure 4.7: Volume of products (%)
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Chapter 5: Value Chain Analysis for
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Beparis sell, in addition to Choto
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Volume of trade The price value add
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5.2.2 Gura Fish As large network of
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140 Gura fish selling price (Tk per
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A specific group of people having g
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Page 164 and 165: Net/boat owners are actually Mahaja
Page 166 and 167: Figure 5.17: Hilsha gross return (T
Page 168 and 169: Gross returns and net returns Aratd
Page 170 and 171: Figure 5.23: Shrimp galda large net
Page 172 and 173: Figure 5.25: Shrimp bagda large sel
Page 174 and 175: Table 5.7: Value addition and retur
Page 176 and 177: Figure 5.31: Shrimp galda small net
Page 178 and 179: Figure 5.36: Shrimp bagda small val
Page 180 and 181: Average selling Price/piece Price V
Page 182 and 183: Figure 5.40: Shrimp fry galda value
Page 184 and 185: Shrimp fry bagda value addition (%)
Page 186 and 187: Crab gross return (monthly) by acto
Page 188 and 189: Note: See note under Table 5.1. (10
Page 190 and 191: Honey net return (monthly) by actor
Page 192 and 193: The degree of inequality is quite h
Page 194 and 195: Cumulative income share (%) 100 80
Page 196 and 197: Figure 5.59: Lorenz curve: Gura fis
Page 198 and 199: Decile 8 14.6 Decile 9 17.9 Decile
Page 200 and 201: Annual income level (%) of SRF Acto
Page 202 and 203: Actors Monthly income Duration (Mon
Page 204 and 205: Table 5.24: Annual income level of
Page 206 and 207: Annual income level (%) of SRF Acto
Page 208 and 209: anking actors, it can be seen that
Page 210 and 211: In terms of distribution by deciles
Page 214 and 215: Decile 3 2.9 Decile 4 3.9 Decile 5
Page 216 and 217: CHAPTER 6 CONCLUDING REMARKS AND PO
Page 218 and 219: actors community). Our survey findi
Page 220 and 221: The foremost policy, therefore, wil
Page 222 and 223: nets” to the collectors, along wi
Page 224 and 225: empowerment, awareness and overall
Page 226 and 227: of co-management. That co-managemen
Page 228 and 229: SRF collectors as a major problem o
Page 230 and 231: the problem as very high is more th
Page 232 and 233: Bernacsek, G. and E. Haque (2001).
Page 234 and 235: Kleih Ulrich (2003). “Fish Distri
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