Synthesis of Safety for Traffic Operations - Transports Canada
Synthesis of Safety for Traffic Operations - Transports Canada
Synthesis of Safety for Traffic Operations - Transports Canada
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<strong>Synthesis</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Traffic</strong> <strong>Operations</strong> March 2003<br />
TABLE 12.2: CMFs <strong>for</strong> <strong>Traffic</strong> Signal Timing and Design Changes<br />
Researcher Treatment Study Methodology No. Sites CMF Comments<br />
Naïve be<strong>for</strong>e-after<br />
0.66 All crashes<br />
Tople (1998) Signal upgrading study <strong>of</strong> crash<br />
6<br />
0.56 EPDO Crashes<br />
frequency<br />
TRL (2000)<br />
Cottrell (1995)<br />
Sayed et al (1998)<br />
Region <strong>of</strong> Waterloo<br />
(2001)<br />
Bhesania (1991)<br />
Thomas and Smith<br />
(2001)<br />
Signal modification<br />
Addition <strong>of</strong> white strobe<br />
light to supplement red<br />
indication<br />
Increase size <strong>of</strong> amber<br />
and red lenses and add<br />
reflective tape to the<br />
backboard<br />
New signal heads and<br />
revised timing<br />
Replace post-mounted<br />
signal heads with mast<br />
arm mounted heads, and<br />
add a one second all-red<br />
interval<br />
Replace pedestalmounted<br />
heads with<br />
mast arm-mounted heads<br />
Naïve be<strong>for</strong>e-after<br />
study <strong>of</strong> crash<br />
frequency<br />
Naïve be<strong>for</strong>e-after<br />
study <strong>of</strong> crash<br />
frequency<br />
Be<strong>for</strong>e-after with<br />
control group using<br />
EB methods<br />
Naïve be<strong>for</strong>e-after<br />
study <strong>of</strong> crash<br />
frequency<br />
Naïve be<strong>for</strong>e-after<br />
study <strong>of</strong> crash<br />
frequency<br />
Naïve be<strong>for</strong>e-after<br />
study <strong>of</strong> crash<br />
frequency<br />
80 (urban)<br />
10 (rural)<br />
6<br />
10<br />
0.62<br />
0.49<br />
1.42<br />
0.85<br />
1.27<br />
0.91<br />
0.79<br />
2 0.43<br />
5<br />
0.37<br />
0.81<br />
1.35<br />
0.73<br />
0.75<br />
Rear-end crashes<br />
Angle crashes<br />
All crashes<br />
Casualty crashes<br />
All crashes<br />
Right-angle<br />
Rear-end<br />
Left-turn<br />
Other<br />
All crashes<br />
31 0.35 to 0.21* Right angle<br />
32 1.51 to 0.90 Rear-end<br />
24 1.23 to 0.81 Left-turn<br />
31 0.82 to 0.64 Other<br />
31 0.72 to 0.57 All crashes<br />
Page 154
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