Synthesis of Safety for Traffic Operations - Transports Canada

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Synthesis of Safety for Traffic Operations March 2003 Stop-control N = exp(-9.34 + 0.60ln ADT main + 0.61ln ADT side + 0.13ND – 0.0054SKEW) [3.9] where: N = annual number of crashes ADT main = Average daily traffic on the main road ADT side = Average daily traffic on the minor road ND = number of driveways on the major road legs within 76 metres of the intersection SKEW = intersection angle (degrees) expressed as one-half of the angle to the right minus one-half of the angle to the left for the angles between the major road leg in the direction of increasing stations and the right and left legs, respectively. 2 Signal Control N = exp(-5.46 + 0.60ln ADT main + 0.20ln ADT side – 0.40PL – 0.018LT + 0.11V + 0.026T + 0.041ND) [3.10] where: N = annual number of crashes ADT main = Average daily traffic on the main road ADT side = Average daily traffic on the minor road PL = 0 if no protected left-turn phasing on major road; 1 otherwise LT = Proportion of minor road traffic turning left during AM and PM peak combined (%) V = grade rate for all vertical curves within 76 metres of the intersection along the main and minor roads T = Proportion of trucks entering in the AM and PM peak hours combined (%) ND = number of driveways on the major road legs within 76 metres of the intersection The stop-control SPF was developed using data from 324 intersections in Minnesota, with five years of crash data. The signal controlled SPF was developed from 18 intersections in California, and 31 in Michigan, each with three years of crash data available. 2 In most instances SKEW is computed as the absolute value of the angle of intersection minus 90 degrees. Page 25
Intersection Control Region of Durham (2001) The Region of Durham, Ontario has recently developed SPFs for their facilities and produced SPFs with forms as shown in Equations 3.11 to 3.13, and parameters shown in Table 3.13 and 3.14 for signalized and unsignalized intersections, respectively. N = a AADT major b1 AADT minor b2 [3.11] N = a (AADT major + AADT minor ) b1 (AADT minor /(AADT minor + AADT major )) b2 [3.12] N = a (AADT major + AADT minor ) b1 [3.13] where: AADT major = Total entering AADT on major road AADT minor = Total entering AADT on minor road Three different equations are presented because these forms best fit the data. TABLE 3.13: Region of Durham – Signalized Intersections a Type Environment Equation Fatal+Injury PDO b 1 b 2 3-Leg 4-Leg CBD 3.8 7.71E-2 1.44E-1 0.304 0.157 Suburban 3.8 8.22E-2 1.39E-1 0.304 0.157 Rural/Rural Centre 3.8 3.47E-2 6.62E-2 0.304 0.157 Semi-urban 3.8 7.40E-2 1.81E-1 0.304 0.157 CBD 3.7 1.44E-6 3.24E-6 1.111 0.373 Suburban 3.9 7.11E-5 1.57E-4 0.997 ------ Rural/Rural Centre 3.9 1.04E-4 1.62E-4 0.977 ------ Semi-urban 3.7 1.26E-6 3.13E-6 1.111 0.373 TABLE 3.14: Region of Durham – Unsignalized Intersections a Type Environment Equation Fatal+Injury PDO b 1 b 2 3-Leg 4-Leg CBD 3.7 3.42E-6 7.98E-6 1.021 0.219 Suburban 3.7 6.38E-7 1.56E-6 1.152 0.292 Rural/Rural Centre 3.7 4.18E-5 9.03E-5 0.598 0.484 Semi-urban 3.7 2.31E-6 5.39E-6 1.021 0.219 CBD 3.8 3.17E-3 1.20E-2 0.676 0.450 Suburban 3.8 2.30E-3 4.96E-3 0.676 0.450 Rural/Rural Centre 3.8 3.25E-3 5.16E-3 0.676 0.450 Semi-urban 3.8 2.93E-3 6.03E-3 0.676 0.450 Page 26
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Transport Canada Transports Canada
Page 4: Synthesis Of Safety For Traffic Ope
Page 8 and 9: DISCLAIMER The material presented h
Page 10 and 11: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Traffic operation
Page 12 and 13: Synthesis of Safety for Traffic Ope
Page 16 and 17: TABLE OF CONTENTS DISCLAIMER REJET
Page 20 and 21: LIST OF TABLES TABLE 3.1: Crash Rat
Page 24: Chapter 1: Chapter 1: Introductio I
Page 27 and 28: Introduction Before proceeding, a f
Page 29 and 30: Introduction Literature regarding t
Page 31 and 32: Introduction The current science of
Page 33 and 34: Introduction adequate size control
Page 35 and 36: Introduction In concluding this sec
Page 42: Chapter 3: Chapter 3: Intersectio I
Page 45 and 46: Intersection Control TABLE 3.3: Cra
Page 47 and 48: Intersection Control TABLE 3.5: CMF
Page 49 and 50: Intersection Control Vancouver Regi
Page 51 and 52: Intersection Control V m = the sum
Page 53: Intersection Control where: X1 = 0
Page 57 and 58: Intersection Control TABLE 3.17: CM
Page 59 and 60: Intersection Control The predictor
Page 63 and 64: Intersection Control program includ
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Page 67 and 68: Intersection Control TABLE 3.29: St
Page 69 and 70: Intersection Control TABLE 3.32: Ni
Page 73 and 74: Intersection Control It is noted th
Page 75 and 76: Intersection Control Sayed et al (1
Page 77 and 78: Intersection Control Signal Clearan
Page 79 and 80: Intersection Control The CMFs are 0
Page 81 and 82: Intersection Control also examined
Page 83 and 84: Intersection Control Shebeeb (1995)
Page 85 and 86: Intersection Control approaches at
Page 89 and 90: Intersection Control TABLE 3.56: Sa
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Pavement Markings The study methodo
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Pavement Markings Hall (1987) Hall
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Pavement Markings TABLE 5.8: Safety
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Pavement Markings THIS PAGE IS INTE
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Synthesis of Safety for Traffic Ope
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Chapter 7: Chapter 7: Bicycle Bicyc
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Bicycle Safety TABLE 7.1: Safety Im
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Chapter 9: Chapter 9: Turn Lanes Tu
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Turn Lanes TABLE 9.2: Safety Impact
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Turn Lanes Vogt determined that a l
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Turn Lanes 1998 one of their high c
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Turn Lanes Section TABLE 9.10: Safe
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Turn Lanes A T = ADT 0.91 L 0.852 e
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Turn Lanes CMF = 1 - 0.7 P lt/d 0.0
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Turn Lanes occurred within 250 feet
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TABLE 10.3: Speed Changes Resulting
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Sites Where Applied 1 URBAN Island
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Forbes and Gill (2000) undertook a
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Ideally, three years of before and
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Kermit and Hein (1962) looked into
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The effects of the transverse pavem
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Chapter 11: Chapter 11: Other Other
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Other Safety Issues collisions per
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Other Safety Issues THIS PAGE IS IN
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References References
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References Bloch SA (1998) “Compa
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References Hamilton Associates (199
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References Lee JT, Maleck TL, and T
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References Polanis SF (1998) “Do
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References Vancouver, City of (1999
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References THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONAL
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Appendix B: Critical R Appendix B:
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Critical Reviews Worksheet for Eval
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Critical Reviews 2. Are the expecte
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Appendix D: Appendix D: How to Use
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How to Use Safety Performance Funct
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How to Use Safety Performance Funct
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Synthesis of Safety for Traffic Operations - Transports Canada

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