The international economics of resources and resource ... - Index of

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Global economic sustainability indicator 179 over all years is calculated. Considering the results shown in the table below, it is not straightforward that it is possible to calculate such a common set of weights for the available data. Making such a calculation, this results in weights with a distribution similar to those for the years 2006 and 2007. In 2000, the main weight in the construction of the indicator lies in the savings rate and the SoRRCA, whereas the VolRCA only plays a marginal role. By contrast, in 2006/2007, all three indicators show similar weights, with a slight dominance by the savings rate. In light of these findings, one might conclude,—based on exploitation of more data (as those are published)—that the empirical weights converge to a rather homogenous distribution (Fig. 9). There is quite a lot of room left for conducting further research in the future. However, the basic finding emphasized here is that the variables used are very useful in a composite indicator. Own calculations With the weights derived from factor analysis we can present our summary findings in the form of two maps (with grey areas for countries with problems in data availability). There is a map for 2000 and another map for 2007—with countries grouped in quantiles (leader group=top 20% vs. 3× 20% in the middle of the performance distribution and lowest 20%=orange). The map (Fig. 10) shows the EIIW-vita Global Sustainability Indicator for each country covered which is composed of the following subindices: & genuine savings rate (3), & volume-weighted green international competitiveness (7) and & relative share of renewable in energy production (B). Indonesia has suffered a decline in its international position in the period 2000–07 while Germany and US have improved their performance; compared to 2000, Iran in 2007 has also performed better in the composite indicator in 2007. China, India and Brazil all green, which marks the second best range in the composite indicator performance. The approach presented shifts in the analytical focus away from the traditional, narrow, perspective on greenhouse gases and puts the emphasis on a broader—and more useful—Schumpeterian economic perspective. While there is no doubt that the energy sector is important, particularly the share of renewables in energy production, a broader sustainability perspective seems to be adequate (Fig. 8). Fig. 9 Estimated weights from factor analysis 2000 2006 2007 (3) 0.01 0.29 0.30 (7) 0.50 0.39 0.38 (B) 0.50 0.32 0.31
180 P.J.J. Welfens et al. Fig. 10 The EIIW-vita global sustainability indicator 4 Policy conclusions There is a broad international challenge for the European countries and the global community, respectively. The energy sector has two particular traits that make it important in both an economic and a political perspective: & Investment in the energy-producing sector is characterized by a high capital intensity and long amortization periods, so adequate long-term planning in the private and the public sectors is required. Such long term planning—including financing—is not available in the whole world economy; and the Transatlantic Banking Crisis has clearly undermined the stability of the international financial system and created serious problems for long term financing. Thus, the banking
Page 1 and 2: Int Econ Econ Policy (2010) 7:147-1
Page 3 and 4: The international economics of reso
Page 5 and 6: The international economics of reso
Page 7 and 8: 154 P.J.J. Welfens et al. Keywords
Page 9 and 10: 156 P.J.J. Welfens et al. developme
Page 11 and 12: 158 P.J.J. Welfens et al. In the su
Page 13 and 14: 160 P.J.J. Welfens et al. genuine s
Page 15 and 16: 162 P.J.J. Welfens et al. pt p0 1 p
Page 17 and 18: 164 P.J.J. Welfens et al. A synthet
Page 19 and 20: 166 P.J.J. Welfens et al. ecologica
Page 21 and 22: 168 P.J.J. Welfens et al. 1 0,8 0,6
Page 23 and 24: 170 P.J.J. Welfens et al. In additi
Page 25 and 26: 172 P.J.J. Welfens et al. Fig. 5 Pa
Page 27 and 28: 174 P.J.J. Welfens et al. 1.0 0.5 0
Page 29 and 30: 176 P.J.J. Welfens et al. 2007: 1.0
Page 31: 178 P.J.J. Welfens et al. weak in t
Page 35 and 36: 182 P.J.J. Welfens et al. pessimist
Page 37 and 38: 184 P.J.J. Welfens et al. Reference
Page 41 and 42: Sustainability economics, resource
Page 57 and 58: The U.S. proposed carbon tariffs, W
Page 79 and 80: 228 R. Bleischwitz economics and po
Page 81 and 82: 230 R. Bleischwitz Fig. 1 Global re
Page 83 and 84:
232 R. Bleischwitz demand is estima
Page 85 and 86:
234 R. Bleischwitz the ‘socio-ind
Page 87 and 88:
236 R. Bleischwitz Fig. 4 Productiv
Page 89 and 90:
238 R. Bleischwitz 5 Resource produ
Page 91 and 92:
240 R. Bleischwitz The vast majorit
Page 93 and 94:
242 R. Bleischwitz Fig. 6 Resource
Page 95 and 96:
244 R. Bleischwitz Ericsson M (2009
Page 97 and 98:
246 R. Walz 1 Introduction Competen
Page 99 and 100:
248 R. Walz Based on the pollution
Page 101 and 102:
250 R. Walz procedures. However, ev
Page 103 and 104:
252 R. Walz In addition to exports,
Page 105 and 106:
254 R. Walz 4 Technological capabil
Page 107 and 108:
256 R. Walz 4.2 Analysis of patents
Page 109 and 110:
258 R. Walz recycling (e.g. shiftab
Page 111 and 112:
260 R. Walz Fig. 10 Specialization
Page 113 and 114:
262 R. Walz Table 1 Overview of ind
Page 115 and 116:
264 R. Walz questions alone. Clearl
Page 117 and 118:
Int Econ Econ Policy (2010) 7:267-2
Page 119 and 120:
Eco-innovation for environmental su
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
The Dutch energy transition approac
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Multi-agent modeling of economic in
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
344 C. Lutz 1 Introduction This cha
Page 195 and 196:
346 C. Lutz The scenario analysis a
Page 197 and 198:
348 C. Lutz is designed to reduce g
Page 199 and 200:
350 C. Lutz 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 C
Page 201 and 202:
352 C. Lutz Table 2 EU27 productivi
Page 203 and 204:
354 C. Lutz material-intensive to l
Page 205 and 206:
356 C. Lutz Giljum S, Behrens A, Hi
Page 207 and 208:
358 T. Machiba While industries are
Page 209 and 210:
360 T. Machiba Field Target Technol
Page 211 and 212:
362 T. Machiba 3 Understanding sust
Page 213 and 214:
364 T. Machiba The automotive and t
Page 215 and 216:
366 T. Machiba Air conditioners fun
Page 217 and 218:
368 T. Machiba Table 2 Application
Page 219:
370 T. Machiba Charter M, Clark T (
show all

The international economics of resources and resource ... - Index of

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?