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The Dominicans made sure that all <strong>of</strong> ALEXANDER MARC'S<br />

friends <strong>of</strong> COMMUNITARIAN PERSONNALISM were going to be taken<br />

care <strong>of</strong>, as they began to take important positions in both Belgium and<br />

France. For example, JEAN JARDIN, <strong>of</strong> ORDRE NOUVEAU became<br />

PIERRE LAVAL'S administrative assistant at Vichy. Two other members <strong>of</strong><br />

ORDRE NOUVEAU, ROBERT LOUSTAU and ROBERT GIBRAT were<br />

also two young engineer members <strong>of</strong> synarchist leader, JEAN COUTROT,<br />

and his Ecole Polytechnique X-CRISE group. They had provided<br />

COLONEL LAROCQUE with a political platform, and had set up a central<br />

telephone system for all <strong>of</strong> the French youth <strong>movement</strong>s. They later became<br />

"high-level technocrats" in the Vichy government.<br />

In 1945, MARC returned to France and created, with a member <strong>of</strong> the<br />

"resistance," FATHER CHAILLET, the documentation center {Nouvel<br />

Humanisme}, and was catapulted, in 1956, in the position <strong>of</strong> first secretary<br />

<strong>of</strong> the {European Union <strong>of</strong> Federalists} (UEF) which was presided by the<br />

Netherlands personalist HENRI BRUGMANS. The first public<br />

demonstrations <strong>of</strong> the UEF were held in Amsterdam, in 1947. Marc then<br />

established permanent contacts between his UEF and the Universal<br />

Movement for a World Confederation (MUCM), and the first launching <strong>of</strong><br />

the European federalism was launched at Montreux in August <strong>of</strong> 1947, with<br />

delegations from 16 countries attending. It was at Montreux that both<br />

MARC and ROUGEMONT established the parameters for the European<br />

federation <strong>of</strong> regions.<br />

From 1948 to 1953, MARC became the director <strong>of</strong> the institutional,<br />

political, social and economic department <strong>of</strong> the UEF. He wrote two <strong>book</strong>s<br />

{Principles du Federalisme}, co-authored with ROBERT ARON, and {A<br />

hauteur d'homme, la Revolution federaliste} (1948). He plaid a crucial role,<br />

with ROUGEMONT, in the creation <strong>of</strong> the Supreme Court at the Congress<br />

<strong>of</strong> La Haye in 1948, with the collaboration <strong>of</strong> SALVADOR DE<br />

MADARIAGA. During the late 1940's, MARC joined with ALTIERO<br />

SPINELLI and his {Movimento Federalista Europeo}. This is the period <strong>of</strong><br />

the creation <strong>of</strong> the Supreme Court for the Rights <strong>of</strong> Man, the World<br />

Constitution, adopted at the World Congress <strong>of</strong> Luxembourg, and the<br />

European Constitution. MARC created parallel institutions such as a<br />

European Federation <strong>of</strong> University Centers, the European Institute <strong>of</strong> Turin.<br />

During the 1950's, ALEXANDER MARC intensified his activities at<br />

the university level, namely by teaching at the international sessions <strong>of</strong><br />

153

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