The genus Cladosporium and similar dematiaceous ... - CBS - KNAW

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Arzanlou et al. Fig. 32. Radulidium subulatum (CBS 405.76). A–B. Macronematous conidiophores with sympodially proliferating conidiogenous cells, resulting in a conidium-bearing rachis. C–D. Rachis with crowded, blunt conidium-bearing denticles. E. Conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm. Fig. 33. Radulidium epichloës (CBS 361.63). A–C. Conidial apparatus at different stages of development, resulting in semi-micronematous conidiophores and sympodially proliferating conidiogenous cells. D. Rachis with crowded, blunt conidium-bearing denticles. E–F. Conidiophores with acute branches in the lower part. G. Conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm. 88
Ramichloridium and allied genera on Phragmidium pauciloculare on Rubus parvifolius, 14 Oct. 2003, H.D. Shin, paratype, 23/10, HAL 2055 F; Hongchon, on Phragmidium rosae-multiflorae on Rosa multiflora, 11 Aug. 2004, H.D. Shin, paratype, 23/8, HAL 2056 F; Yangpyong, on Phragmidium sp. on Rubus coreanus, 30 Sep. 2003, H.D. Shin, paratype, 11/10- 1, CPC 10704–10705 = CBS 121737–121738, HAL 2052 F, and the same locality, 23 Jul. 2004, HAL 2058 F; Chunchon, on Pucciniastrum agrimoniae on Agrimonia pilosa, 7 Oct. 2002, H.D. Shin, holotype, HAL 2054 F, culture ex-type CPC 10753– 10755 = CBS 121739–121741. Radulidium subulatum and Ra. epichloës clade Ramichloridium subulatum and R. epichloës form a distinct, wellsupported clade with uncertain affinity. This clade is morphologically distinct and a new genus is introduced below to accommodate it. Radulidium Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, gen. nov. MycoBank MB504566. Etymology: Latin radula = A flexible tongue-like organ in gastropods, referring to the radula-like denticles on the rachis. Genus ab aliis generibus Ramichloridii similibus denticulis densissimis, prominentibus, hebetibus in rachide e cellula conidiogena aculeata orta distinguendum. Type species: Radulidium subulatum (de Hoog) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, comb. nov. In vitro: Colonies fast-growing, velvety, floccose near the margin, centrally with fertile hyphal bundles up to 10 mm high, about 2 mm diam, with entire but vague margin; mycelium whitish, later becoming greyish brown. Submerged hyphae smooth, thin-walled. Conidiophores usually reduced to polyblastic conidiogenous cells arising from undifferentiated or slightly differentiated aerial hyphae, terminally integrated or lateral, rarely a branched conidiophore present, smooth, slightly thick-walled, pale brown, cylindrical to acicular, widest at the base and tapering towards the apex; apical part forming a pale brown, generally straight rachis, with crowded, prominent, blunt denticles, suggesting a gastropod radula; denticles 0.5–1 µm long, apically pale brown. Conidia solitary, subhyaline, thin- or slightly thick-walled, smooth or verrucose, obovoidal, fusiform to subcylindrical, base subtruncate and with a slightly prominent, conspicuously pigmented hilum; conidial secession schizolytic. Notes: Radulidium can be distinguished from other ramichloridiumlike fungi by its slightly differentiated conidiophores and prominent, blunt, very dense conidium-bearing denticles. Although the Radulidium clade consists of several subclusters that correlate with differences in morphology, the ITS sequence data appear insufficient to resolve this species complex. Therefore, only two species of Radulidium with clear morphological and molecular differences are treated here. The phylogenetic situation of other taxa in this clade will be treated in a further study employing a multigene approach. Radulidium subulatum (de Hoog) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, comb. nov. MycoBank MB504567. Figs 10C, 32. Basionym: Ramichloridium subulatum de Hoog, Stud. Mycol. 15: 83. 1977. Misapplied name: Rhinocladiella elatior Mangenot sensu dal Vesco & B. Peyronel, Allionia 14: 38. 1968. In vitro: Submerged hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, 1–2.5 µm wide; aerial hyphae brownish. Conidiogenous cells arising laterally from vegetative hyphae, pale brown, smooth, thick-walled, sometimes without a basal septum, cylindrical to aculeate, tapering gradually towards the apex, widest at the base, 25–40 × 2–3 µm; proliferating sympodially, forming a pale brown rachis, with densely crowded, prominent, blunt conidium-bearing denticles, with pale brown apex. Conidia solitary, subhyaline, thin-walled, smooth, ellipsoidal to almost clavate, 5–7 × 1.5–2 µm, with a slightly pigmented, nonrefractive hilum, about 1 µm diam. Cultural characteristics: Colonies on MEA rather fast growing, reaching 50 mm diam after 14 d at 24 °C, with entire but vague margin, velvety, floccose near the margin, centrally with fertile hyphal bundles up to 10 mm high, about 2 mm diam; mycelium whitish, later becoming greyish brown; reverse grey, zonate. Specimens examined: Czech Republic, on Phragmites australis, A. Samšiňáková, ex-type culture CBS 405.76; Opatovicky pond, from Lasioptera arundinis (gall midge) mycangia on Phragmites australis, M. Skuhravá, CBS 101010. Radulidium epichloës (Ellis & Dearn.) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, comb. nov. MycoBank MB504568. Fig. 33. Basionym: Botrytis epichloës Ellis & Dearn., Canad. Record Sci. 9: 272. 1893. ≡ Ramichloridium epichloës (Ellis & Dearn.) de Hoog, Stud. Mycol. 15: 81. 1977. In vitro: Submerged hyphae hyaline, thin-walled, 1–2.5 µm wide; aerial hyphae somewhat darker. Conidiogenous cells arising laterally or terminally from undifferentiated or slightly differentiated aerial hyphae, occasionally acutely branched in the lower part, smooth, thick-walled, pale brown, more or less cylindrical, later with thin septa, 25–47 µm long; proliferating sympodially, forming a rather short, pale brown, straight or somewhat geniculate rachis, with crowded, prominent, blunt denticles with pale brown apex. Conidia solitary, subhyaline, rather thin-walled, verruculose, obovoidal to fusiform, (4.5–)7–8(–11) × 2–3 µm, with a pigmented hilum, 1–1.5 µm diam. Cultural characteristics: Colonies reaching 45 mm diam after 14 d at 24 °C, with smooth, rather vague, entire margin; velvety, centrally floccose and elevated up to 2 mm high; surface mycelium whitish, later becoming greyish brown; reverse pale ochraceous. Specimen examined: U.S.A., Cranberry Lake, Michigan, isolated from Epichloë typhina on Glyceria striata, G.L. Hennebert, CBS 361.63 = MUCL 3124; specimen in MUCL designated here as epitype. Veronaea-like clade, allied to the Annulatascaceae A veronaea-like isolate from Bertia moriformis clusters near the Annulatascaceae, and is morphologically distinct from other known anamorph genera in the Ramichloridium complex, and therefore a new genus is introduced to accommodate it. Rhodoveronaea Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, gen. nov. MycoBank MB504569. Etymology: (Greek) rhodon = the rose, referring to the red-brown conidiophores, suffix -veronaea from Veronaea. Genus ab aliis generibus Ramichloridii similibus basi condiorum late truncata et marginata distinguenda. In vitro: Colonies slow-growing, velvety, floccose; surface olivaceous-grey to dark olivaceous-green; reverse olivaceousblack. Hyphae smooth, thin-walled, pale olivaceous. Conidiophores arising vertically from creeping hyphae, straight or flexuose, simple, thick-walled, red-brown, with inflated basal cell. Conidiogenous cells terminally integrated, polyblastic, sympodial, smooth, thick- www.studiesinmycology.org 89
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Studies in Mycology 58 (2007) The g
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Studies in Mycology The Studies in
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CONTENTS P.W. Crous, U. Braun and J
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lectotype for the genus by Clements
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Schubert K (2005a). Morphotaxonomic
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
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Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
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Crous et al. 100 10 changes 65 100
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Crous et al. Treatment of phylogene
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Crous et al. Teratosphaeria bellula
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Crous et al. 6. Conidiophores short
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Crous et al. Habit plant pathogenic
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Crous et al. Fig. 7. Catenulostroma
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Crous et al. system, consisting of
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Crous et al. Fig. 9. Penidiella col
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Crous et al. Fig. 12. Penidiella ri
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Crous et al. conidiophores, about 1
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Crous et al. have conidiomata rangi
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Crous et al. Schizothyriaceae clade
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Crous et al. Fig. 21. Stigmidium sc
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Crous et al. Gams W, Verkley GJM, C
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
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Crous et al. 100 61 100 52 100 10 c
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Page 70 and 71: Arzanlou et al. To date 26 species
Page 72 and 73: Arzanlou et al. Table 1. (Continued
Page 74 and 75: Arzanlou et al. 10 changes Athelia
Page 76 and 77: Arzanlou et al. Athelia epiphylla A
Page 78 and 79: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 3. Periconiell
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Page 84 and 85: Arzanlou et al. Ramichloridium musa
Page 88 and 89: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 20. Rhinocladi
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Page 92 and 93: Arzanlou et al. Rhinocladiella mack
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Page 104 and 105: Arzanlou et al. even further, thoug
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Page 108 and 109: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. 10 chan
Page 110 and 111: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. Fig. 3.
Page 112 and 113: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. to intr
Page 114 and 115: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. Czechos
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Page 118 and 119: Cladosporium herbarum species compl
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Cladosporium herbarum species compl
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available online at www.studiesinmy
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Cladosporium sphaerospermum species
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Crous et al. The aim of the present
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Crous et al. 10 changes Athelia epi
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates used
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Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
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Crous et al. 0.1 expected changes p
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Crous et al. Fig. 6. Cladophialopho
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Crous et al. Fig. 11. Cladophialoph
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Crous et al. Fig. 13. Cladophialoph
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Crous et al. Fig. 15. Exophiala sp.
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Crous et al. Fig. 18. Cylindrosympo
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Crous et al. Fig. 19. Fusicladium a
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Crous et al. Fig. 22. Fusicladium f
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Crous et al. Fig. 24. Fusicladium p
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Crous et al. Fusicladium rhodense C
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Crous et al. Excluded taxa Polyscyt
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Crous et al. the conidial tips are
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Cladophialophora carrionii complex
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Hormoconis resinae and morphologica
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Fig. 6 Hormoconis resinae and morph
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Cladophialophora, 52 k , 54 k -55,
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Fusicladium phillyreae, 189 c , 191
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Ramichloridium epichloës, 60, 89 P
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Trimmatostroma salicis, 3 t , 5, 6
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The genus Cladosporium and similar dematiaceous ... - CBS - KNAW

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