The genus Cladosporium and similar dematiaceous ... - CBS - KNAW

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Cladosporium herbarum species complex Fig. 13. Cladosporium herbaroides (CPC 12052). Macro- and micronematous conidiophores and conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm. K. Schubert del. like prolongation below the terminal swelling (due to sympodial proliferation), unbranched or sometimes branched, 30–230 µm long or even longer, 3–5 µm wide, swellings 5–8 µm wide, septate, not constricted at septa, pale to medium olivaceous-brown, smooth or almost so, walls slightly thickened. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal or intercalary, cylindrical, usually nodulose to nodose forming distinct swellings, sometimes geniculate, 15–55 µm long, with numerous conidiogenous loci usually confined to swellings or situated on small lateral shoulders, sometimes on the top of short peg-like prolongations or denticles, loci protuberant, 1–2 µm diam, thickened and darkened-refractive. Micronematous conidiophores much shorter, narrower, paler, neither nodulose nor geniculate, arising laterally from plagiotropous hyphae, often only as short lateral denticles or branchlets of hyphae, erect, straight, conical to cylindrical, unbranched, 3–65 × 2–3 µm, mostly aseptate, sometimes up to five septa, subhyaline, smooth, walls unthickened. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal or conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, conidiogenous loci solitary or sometimes as sympodial clusters of pronounced denticles, protuberant, 1–1.5 µm diam, thickened and somewhat darkened-refractive. Conidia polymorphous, two main morphological types recognisable, formed www.studiesinmycology.org by the two different types of conidiophores, conidia formed by macronematous conidiophores catenate, in branched chains, straight to slightly curved, subglobose, obovoid, limoniform, ellipsoid to cylindrical, 3–33 × (2–)3–6(–7) µm [av. ± SD, 14.5 (± 7.9) × 5.2 (± 1.2) µm], 0–2(–3)-septate, sometimes slightly constricted at septa, septa median or somewhat in the lower half, pale to medium olivaceous-brown, verruculose to verrucose (granulate under SEM), walls slightly thickened, with up to three rarely four distal scars, with age becoming medium or even dark brown (chocolate brown), wider and more thick-walled, 5.5–33 × (3.5–)5–9(–11) µm [av. ± SD, 14.4 (± 6.9) × 7.2 (± 1.9) µm], walls up to 1 µm thick, hila protuberant, 0.8–2(–2.5) µm diam, thickened and darkenedrefractive; microcyclic conidiogenesis occurring. Conidia formed by micronematous conidiophores paler and narrower, mostly formed in unbranched chains, sometimes in branched chains with up to three distal hila, straight to slightly curved, limoniform, narrowly fusiform, almost filiform to subcylindrical, 10–26(–35) × 2–3.5 µm [av. ± SD, 15.6 (± 6.2) × 2.9 (± 0.5) µm], 0–1(–3)-septate, subhyaline to pale brown, almost smooth to minutely verruculose, walls unthickened, hila protuberant, 1–1.5 µm diam, thickened and somewhat darkened-refractive. 121
Schubert et al. Fig. 14. Cladosporium herbaroides (CPC 12052). A–B, D. Macronematous conidiophores. C. Conidial chain. E. Micronematous conidiophore. F. Microcyclic conidiogenesis. G. Conidia formed by micronematous conidiophores. Scale bars = 10 µm. Cultural characteristics: Colonies on PDA attaining 23 mm diam after 14 d at 25 ºC, grey-olivaceous to olivaceous, olivaceous-grey reverse, velvety, margin regular, entire edge, narrow, feathery, aerial mycelium abundantly formed, loose, with age covering large parts of the colony, woolly, growth flat with somewhat elevated colony centre, folded, regular, deep into the agar, with few prominent exudates, sporulation profuse. Colonies on MEA attaining 24 mm diam after 14 d at 25 ºC, grey- to greenish olivaceous, olivaceousgrey or iron-grey reverse, velvety to powdery, margin narrow, colourless, entire edge, somewhat feathery, aerial mycelium pale olivaceous-grey, sparse, growth convex, radially furrowed, folded in the colony centre, without prominent exudates, sporulating. Colonies on OA attaining 23 mm diam after 14 d at 25 ºC, greyolivaceous, margin more or less regular, entire edge, colourless, somewhat feathery, aerial mycelium whitish to smoke grey, at first sparse, later more abundantly formed, growth flat, without exudates, sporulation profuse. Specimen examined: Israel, from hypersaline water of Eilat salterns, 2004, coll. N. Gunde-Cimerman, isol. M. Ota, CBS-H 19858, holotype, isotype HAL 2025 F, culture ex-type CBS 121626 = EXF-1733 = CPC 12052. Substrate and distribution: Hypersaline water; Israel. Notes: Cladosporium herbaroides is morphologically similar to C. herbarum but differs in having somewhat longer conidia becoming wider, darker and even more thick-walled with age [at first conidia 3–33 × (2–)3–6(–7) µm, with age (3.5–)5–9(–11) µm wide]. Besides that, the species often produces a second conidial type formed on micronematous conidiophores, giving rise to unbranched conidial chains which are almost filiform, limoniform, narrowly fusiform to subcylindrical, much narrower and paler than the ones formed by macronematous conidiophores, 10–26(–35) × 2–3.5 µm. In C. herbarum, conidia formed by micronematous conidiophores do not occur as frequently as in C. herbaroides, and differ in being often clavate and somewhat wider, up to 4(–5) µm wide. Cladosporium macrocarpum is easily distinguishable by having somewhat wider conidiophores (3–)4–6 µm, with distinctly wider swellings, 5–10 µm wide, and the conidia are usually (3–)5–9(–10) µm wide. Cladosporium herbarum (Pers. : Fr.) Link, Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. 7: 37. 1816: Fr., Syst. mycol. 3(2): 370. 1832. Figs 16–19. Basionym: Dematium herbarum Pers., Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 11: 32. 1794: Fr., Syst. mycol. 3(2): 370. 1832. = Dematium epiphyllum var. (β) chionanthi Pers., Mycol. eur. 1: 16. 1822, syn. nov. For additional synonyms see Dugan et al. (2004), Schubert (2005). Teleomorph: Davidiella tassiana (De Not.) Crous & U. Braun, Mycol. Progr. 2: 8. 2003. Basionym: Sphaerella tassiana De Not., Sferiacei Italici 1: 87. 1863. ≡ Mycosphaerella tassiana (De Not.) Johanson, Öfvers. Förh. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. 41: 167. 1884. 122
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Studies in Mycology 58 (2007) The g
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Studies in Mycology The Studies in
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CONTENTS P.W. Crous, U. Braun and J
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lectotype for the genus by Clements
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Schubert K (2005a). Morphotaxonomic
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
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Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
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Crous et al. 100 10 changes 65 100
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Crous et al. Treatment of phylogene
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Crous et al. Teratosphaeria bellula
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Crous et al. 6. Conidiophores short
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Crous et al. Habit plant pathogenic
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Crous et al. Fig. 7. Catenulostroma
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Crous et al. system, consisting of
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Crous et al. Fig. 9. Penidiella col
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Crous et al. Fig. 12. Penidiella ri
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Crous et al. conidiophores, about 1
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Crous et al. have conidiomata rangi
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Crous et al. Schizothyriaceae clade
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Crous et al. Fig. 21. Stigmidium sc
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Crous et al. Gams W, Verkley GJM, C
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
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Crous et al. 100 61 100 52 100 10 c
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Crous et al. Fig. 3. Rachicladospor
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Crous et al. Fig. 4. Toxicocladospo
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Crous et al. Fig. 5. Verrucocladosp
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Crous et al. Fig. 7. Stenella aragu
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Crous et al. Helotiales, incertae s
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Crous et al. Fig. 10. Ochrocladospo
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Crous et al. Fig. 12. Rhizocladospo
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Crous et al. 7. Conidiophores unbra
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Crous et al. 33. Terminal conidioge
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Crous et al. Crous PW, Kang JC, Bra
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Arzanlou et al. To date 26 species
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Arzanlou et al. Table 1. (Continued
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Arzanlou et al. 10 changes Athelia
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Arzanlou et al. Athelia epiphylla A
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Arzanlou et al. Fig. 3. Periconiell
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Arzanlou et al. Cultural characteri
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Page 108 and 109: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. 10 chan
Page 110 and 111: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. Fig. 3.
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Page 170 and 171: Cladosporium sphaerospermum species
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Cladosporium sphaerospermum species
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Crous et al. The aim of the present
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Crous et al. 10 changes Athelia epi
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates used
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Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
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Crous et al. 0.1 expected changes p
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Crous et al. Fig. 6. Cladophialopho
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Crous et al. Fig. 11. Cladophialoph
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Crous et al. Fig. 13. Cladophialoph
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Crous et al. Fig. 15. Exophiala sp.
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Crous et al. Fig. 18. Cylindrosympo
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Crous et al. Fig. 19. Fusicladium a
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Crous et al. Fig. 22. Fusicladium f
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Crous et al. Fig. 24. Fusicladium p
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Crous et al. Fusicladium rhodense C
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Crous et al. Excluded taxa Polyscyt
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Crous et al. the conidial tips are
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available online at www.studiesinmy
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Cladophialophora carrionii complex
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available online at www.studiesinmy
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Hormoconis resinae and morphologica
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Fig. 6 Hormoconis resinae and morph
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Cladophialophora, 52 k , 54 k -55,
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Fusicladium phillyreae, 189 c , 191
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Ramichloridium epichloës, 60, 89 P
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Trimmatostroma salicis, 3 t , 5, 6
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The genus Cladosporium and similar dematiaceous ... - CBS - KNAW

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