The genus Cladosporium and similar dematiaceous ... - CBS - KNAW

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Cladosporium herbarum species complex Fig. 17. Cladosporium herbarum (CPC 11600). Macro- and micronematous conidiophores and conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm. K. Schubert del. Literature: de Vries (1952: 71), Hughes (1958: 750), Ellis (1971: 313), Domsch et al. (1980: 204), Sivanesan (1984: 225), Ellis & Ellis (1985: 290, 468, 1988: 168), Prasil & de Hoog (1988), Wang & Zabel (1990: 202), McKemy & Morgan-Jones (1991), Dugan & Roberts (1994), David (1997: 59), Ho et al. (1999: 129), de Hoog et al. (2000: 587), Samson et al. (2000: 110), Samson et al. (2001). Notes: De Vries (1952) incorrectly selected a specimen of Link’s herbarium at herb. B as lectotype. Prasil & de Hoog (1988) discussed this typification and designated one of Persoon’s original specimens as lectotype in which C. herbarum could be recognised. The latter material, which is in poor condition, could be re-examined within the course of these investigations and showed conidia agreeing with the current species concept of C. herbarum being (6–)9.5– 14.5(–21) × (5–)6–7(–8) µm. Since the identity of the strain CBS 177.71 chosen by Prasil & de Hoog (1988) as representative living strain of C. herbarum could not be corroborated, an epitype with a living ex-epitype culture is designated. The holotype specimen of D. tassiana (RO) is morphologically similar to that observed on the epitype of C. herbarum, having ascospores which are (17–)21– www.studiesinmycology.org 23(–25) × (6–)7–8(–8.5) µm, turning brown and verruculose in asci with age. However, no hamathecial remnants were observed in ascomata in vivo. The connection to the teleomorph D. tassiana could be confirmed, which is in agreement with the findings of von Arx (1950) and Barr (1958). Ascospore isolates formed the typical C. herbarum anamorph in culture, and these anamorph cultures developed some immature fruiting bodies within the agar. When inoculated onto water agar plates with nettle stems, numerous ascomata with viable ascospores were formed in culture. Cladosporium iridis (Fautrey & Roum.) G.A. de Vries, Contr. Knowl. Genus Cladosporium: 49. 1952. Figs 20–21. Basionym: Scolicotrichum iridis Fautrey & Roum., Rev. Mycol. (Toulouse) 13: 82. 1891. ≡ Heterosporium iridis (Fautrey & Roum.) J.E. Jacques, Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal 39: 18. 1941. For additional synonyms see Dugan et al. (2004). Teleomorph: Davidiella macrospora (Kleb.) Crous & U. Braun, Mycol. Progr. 2: 10. 2003. 125
Schubert et al. Fig. 18. Cladosporium herbarum (CPC 11600) and its teleomorph Davidiella tassiana (from the host and CPC 12181). A–B. Macronematous conidiophores. C. Micronematous conidiophore. D. Microcyclic conidiogenesis. E. Conidial chain. F. Ascomata on the leaf. G. Ascomata formed in culture on nettle stems. H–I. Asci on the host. J–K. Ascospores in culture. L. Asci in culture. Scale bars: A, E, H, J–L = 10 µm, F–G, I = 200 µm. Basionym: Didymellina macrospora Kleb., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 42: 60, 1924. 1925. ≡ Mycosphaerella macrospora (Kleb.) Jørst., Meld. Stat. Plantepatol. Inst. 1: 20. 1945. Mycelium branched, 2–8 µm wide, septate, not constricted at the septa, hyaline to pale brown, smooth, walls slightly thickened, sometimes guttulate. Conidiophores very long, usually terminally arising from ascending hyphae, erect to subdecumbent, slightly to distinctly flexuous, geniculate-sinuous, usually several times, subnodulose due to geniculate, sympodial proliferation forming swollen lateral shoulders, unbranched, rarely branched, up to 720 µm long, 6–11 µm wide, swellings 8–11(–14) µm wide, pluriseptate, often very regularly septate, not constricted at the septa, pale to medium olivaceous-brown, somewhat paler towards the apex, smooth to minutely verruculose, walls only slightly thickened. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal as well as intercalary, cylindrical-oblong, 15–55 µm long, proliferation percurrent to sympodial, usually with a single geniculation forming laterally swollen shoulders often below a septum, conidiogenous loci confined to swellings, usually one locus per swelling, rarely two, protuberant, (2–)2.5–4 µm diam, somewhat thickened and darkened-refractive. Conidia solitary, sometimes in short, unbranched chains, straight to curved, young conidia pyriform to subcylindrical, connection between conidiophore and conidium being rather broad, subhyaline to pale olivaceous-brown, walls slightly thickened, then enlarging and becoming more thick-walled, cylindrical-oblong, soleiform with age, both ends rounded, usually with a slightly to distinctly bulbous base, visible from a very early stage, but broadest part often towards the apex not at the base, (18–) 30–75(–87) × (7–)10–16(–18) µm [av. ± SD, 53.3 (± 17.8) × 12.6 (± 2.2) µm], (0–)2–6(–7)-septate, usually not constricted at the septa, rarely slightly constricted, septa often becoming sinuous with age, pale to medium olivaceous-brown, sometimes darker, verrucose to echinulate, walls thickened, especially in older conidia, up to 1 µm thick, hila protuberant, often stalk-like or conically prolonged, up to 2 µm long, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) µm diam, with age becoming more sessile, sometimes just visible as a thickened plate just below the outer wall layer, especially in distal scars of branched conidia, periclinal rim often distinctly visible, hila somewhat thickened and darkened-refractive; microcyclic conidiogenesis not observed. 126
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Studies in Mycology 58 (2007) The g
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Studies in Mycology The Studies in
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CONTENTS P.W. Crous, U. Braun and J
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lectotype for the genus by Clements
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Schubert K (2005a). Morphotaxonomic
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
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Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
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Crous et al. 100 10 changes 65 100
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Crous et al. Treatment of phylogene
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Crous et al. Teratosphaeria bellula
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Crous et al. 6. Conidiophores short
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Crous et al. Habit plant pathogenic
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Crous et al. Fig. 7. Catenulostroma
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Crous et al. system, consisting of
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Crous et al. Fig. 9. Penidiella col
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Crous et al. Fig. 12. Penidiella ri
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Crous et al. conidiophores, about 1
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Crous et al. have conidiomata rangi
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Crous et al. Schizothyriaceae clade
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Crous et al. Fig. 21. Stigmidium sc
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Crous et al. Gams W, Verkley GJM, C
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
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Crous et al. 100 61 100 52 100 10 c
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Crous et al. Fig. 3. Rachicladospor
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Crous et al. Fig. 4. Toxicocladospo
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Crous et al. Fig. 5. Verrucocladosp
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Crous et al. Fig. 7. Stenella aragu
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Crous et al. Helotiales, incertae s
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Crous et al. Fig. 10. Ochrocladospo
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Crous et al. Fig. 12. Rhizocladospo
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Crous et al. 7. Conidiophores unbra
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Crous et al. 33. Terminal conidioge
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Crous et al. Crous PW, Kang JC, Bra
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Arzanlou et al. To date 26 species
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Arzanlou et al. Table 1. (Continued
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Arzanlou et al. 10 changes Athelia
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Arzanlou et al. Athelia epiphylla A
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Arzanlou et al. Fig. 3. Periconiell
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Arzanlou et al. Cultural characteri
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Arzanlou et al. Fig. 10. A. Ramichl
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Arzanlou et al. Ramichloridium musa
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Page 108 and 109: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. 10 chan
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Page 170 and 171: Cladosporium sphaerospermum species
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Cladosporium sphaerospermum species
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Crous et al. The aim of the present
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Crous et al. 10 changes Athelia epi
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates used
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Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
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Crous et al. 0.1 expected changes p
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Crous et al. Fig. 6. Cladophialopho
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Crous et al. Fig. 11. Cladophialoph
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Crous et al. Fig. 13. Cladophialoph
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Crous et al. Fig. 15. Exophiala sp.
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Crous et al. Fig. 18. Cylindrosympo
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Crous et al. Fig. 19. Fusicladium a
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Crous et al. Fig. 22. Fusicladium f
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Crous et al. Fig. 24. Fusicladium p
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Crous et al. Fusicladium rhodense C
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Crous et al. Excluded taxa Polyscyt
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Crous et al. the conidial tips are
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available online at www.studiesinmy
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Cladophialophora carrionii complex
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available online at www.studiesinmy
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Hormoconis resinae and morphologica
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Fig. 6 Hormoconis resinae and morph
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Cladophialophora, 52 k , 54 k -55,
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Fusicladium phillyreae, 189 c , 191
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Ramichloridium epichloës, 60, 89 P
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Trimmatostroma salicis, 3 t , 5, 6
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