The genus Cladosporium and similar dematiaceous ... - CBS - KNAW

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Dichocladosporium gen. nov. 10 changes Botryosphaeria ribis DQ316076 Botryosphaeria stevensii AY343484 100 97 70 100 100 100 97 100 100 69 Cladosporium tenellum CPC 12053 Cladosporium variabile CPC 12753 Cladosporium herbarum CPC 11600 Cladosporium macrocarpum CBS 299.67 Cladosporium bruhnei CPC 12211 Cladosporium ossifragi CBS 842.91 Cladosporium iridis CBS 138.40 CPC 11383 CPC 11969 CBS 213.73 CBS 100405 100 91 Mycosphaerella punctiformis AY490763 Passalora arachidicola AF297224 Mycosphaerella aurantia AY509744 Passalora fulva AF393701 Cercospora apii AY840512 Cercospora beticola AY840527 Readeriella mirabilis AY725529 Readeriella novaezelandiae DQ267603 Teratosphaeria readeriellophora AY725577 Teratosphaeria microspora AY260098 Trimmatostroma abietis AY559362 Trimmatostroma abietina AJ244267 Trimmatostroma salicis AJ244264 Dichocladosporium chlorocephalum Fig. 1. One of two equally most parsimonious trees obtained from a heuristic search with 100 random taxon additions of the ITS sequence alignment. The scale bar shows 10 changes, and bootstrap support values from 1 000 replicates are shown at the nodes. Thickened lines indicate the strict consensus branches. The tree was rooted to two Botryosphaeria species. Characters of the cladosporioid morph: Leaf-blotch symptoms on living leaves amphigenous, variable in shape and size, subcircularoval to irregular, broad, oblong to expanded, up to 30 mm long and 20 mm wide, at times covering the entire leaf surface, forming olivaceous-brown to blackish brown patches, rarely violet-brown, margin usually indefinite, attacked areas turning dry with age, also occurring on young, green stems. Colonies amphigenous, punctiform to effuse, loose to dense, caespitose, brown, villose. Mycelium immersed, subcuticular to intraepidermal; hyphae sparingly branched, 4–7(–10) µm wide, septate, sometimes with swellings and constrictions, swollen cells up to 13 µm diam, subhyaline to pale brown, smooth, walls thickened, hyphae sometimes aggregated; in vitro mycelium at first mainly immersed, later also superficial, branched, 1–5(–7) µm wide, pluriseptate, often constricted at septa and with swellings and constrictions, therefore irregular in outline, smooth to verruculose or irregularly rough-walled, loosely verruculose with distinct large warts. Semimacronematous conidiophores formed on leaf-blotches solitary or in small, loose groups, arising from internal hyphae or swollen hyphal cells, erumpent through the cuticle, occasionally emerging through stomata, erect, straight to somewhat flexuous, oblongcylindrical, usually unbranched or occasionally branched, 13–80 (–120) × (4–)5–8(–10) µm, slightly attenuated towards the apex, septate, septa often dense, unconstricted, pale to medium brown, sometimes paler towards the apex, smooth, thick-walled, wall often with two distinct layers, often somewhat inflated at the very base, up to 14 µm diam, occasionally proliferating enteroblastically; in vitro conidiophores arising laterally from plagiotropous hyphae or terminally from ascending hyphae, the latter usually appearing more filiform than those arising laterally from plagiotropous hyphae, erect, straight to slightly flexuous, cylindrical-oblong, not geniculate, usually unbranched, rarely with a short lateral prolongation near the apex, 18–60(–100) × 3–6 µm, slightly attenuated towards the apex, septate, pale to medium brown or olivaceous-brown, smooth to asperulate, walls somewhat thickened. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal or intercalary, subcylindrical, 7–45 µm www.studiesinmycology.org 97
Schubert et al. Fig. 2. Dichocladosporium chlorocephalum (HAL 1924 F), periconioid, stem rotting morph. Conidiophores and conidia. Scale bar = 10 µm. Table 1. Isolates subjected to DNA analysis and morphological examination. Species Accession number 1 Host Country Collector GenBank accession number Dichocladosporium chlorocephalum CBS 213.73; IMI 048108a Paeonia sp. United Kingdom F. Rilstone EU009455 CBS 100405 Paeonia sp. New Zealand M. Braithwaite EU009456 CBS 121522; CPC 11383 Paeonia delavayi Germany K. Schubert EU009457 CBS 121523*; CPC 11969 Paeonia officinalis Germany K. Schubert EU009458 1 CBS: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht, The Netherlands; CPC: Culture collection of Pedro Crous, housed at CBS; IMI: International Mycological Institute, CABI-Bioscience, Egham, Bakeham Lane, U.K. *Ex-type cultures. 98
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Studies in Mycology 58 (2007) The g
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Studies in Mycology The Studies in
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CONTENTS P.W. Crous, U. Braun and J
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lectotype for the genus by Clements
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Schubert K (2005a). Morphotaxonomic
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
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Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
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Crous et al. 100 10 changes 65 100
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Crous et al. Treatment of phylogene
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Crous et al. Teratosphaeria bellula
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Crous et al. 6. Conidiophores short
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Crous et al. Habit plant pathogenic
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Crous et al. Fig. 7. Catenulostroma
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Crous et al. system, consisting of
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Crous et al. Fig. 9. Penidiella col
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Crous et al. Fig. 12. Penidiella ri
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Crous et al. conidiophores, about 1
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Crous et al. have conidiomata rangi
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Crous et al. Schizothyriaceae clade
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Crous et al. Fig. 21. Stigmidium sc
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Crous et al. Gams W, Verkley GJM, C
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
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Crous et al. 100 61 100 52 100 10 c
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Crous et al. Fig. 3. Rachicladospor
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Crous et al. Fig. 4. Toxicocladospo
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Crous et al. Fig. 5. Verrucocladosp
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Crous et al. Fig. 7. Stenella aragu
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Page 70 and 71: Arzanlou et al. To date 26 species
Page 72 and 73: Arzanlou et al. Table 1. (Continued
Page 74 and 75: Arzanlou et al. 10 changes Athelia
Page 76 and 77: Arzanlou et al. Athelia epiphylla A
Page 78 and 79: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 3. Periconiell
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Page 84 and 85: Arzanlou et al. Ramichloridium musa
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Page 110 and 111: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. Fig. 3.
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Page 118 and 119: Cladosporium herbarum species compl
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Cladosporium herbarum species compl
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available online at www.studiesinmy
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Cladosporium sphaerospermum species
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Crous et al. The aim of the present
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Crous et al. 10 changes Athelia epi
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Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates used
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Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
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Crous et al. 0.1 expected changes p
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Crous et al. Fig. 6. Cladophialopho
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Crous et al. Fig. 11. Cladophialoph
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Crous et al. Fig. 13. Cladophialoph
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Crous et al. Fig. 15. Exophiala sp.
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Crous et al. Fig. 18. Cylindrosympo
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Crous et al. Fig. 19. Fusicladium a
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Crous et al. Fig. 22. Fusicladium f
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Crous et al. Fig. 24. Fusicladium p
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Crous et al. Fusicladium rhodense C
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Crous et al. Excluded taxa Polyscyt
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Crous et al. the conidial tips are
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Cladophialophora carrionii complex
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Hormoconis resinae and morphologica
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Fig. 6 Hormoconis resinae and morph
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Cladophialophora, 52 k , 54 k -55,
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Fusicladium phillyreae, 189 c , 191
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Ramichloridium epichloës, 60, 89 P
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Trimmatostroma salicis, 3 t , 5, 6
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