The genus Cladosporium and similar dematiaceous ... - CBS - KNAW

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Crous et al. Crous PW, Kang JC, Braun U (2001). A phylogenetic redefinition of anamorph genera in Mycosphaerella based on ITS rDNA sequences. Mycologia 93: 1081–1101. Crous PW, Schroers HJ, Groenewald JZ, Braun U, Schubert K (2006a). Metulocladosporiella gen. nov. for the causal organism of Cladosporium speckle disease of banana. Mycological Research 110: 264–275. Crous PW, Schubert K, Braun U, Hoog GS de, Hocking AD, Shin H-D, Groenewald JZ (2007). Opportunistic, human-pathogenic species in the Herpotrichiellaceae are phenotypically similar to saprobic or phytopathogenic species in the Venturiaceae. Studies in Mycology 58: 185–217. Crous PW, Slippers B, Wingfield MJ, Rheeder J, Marasas WFO, Phillips AJL, Alves A, Burgess T, Barber P, Groenewald JZ (2006d). Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Studies in Mycology 55: 235–253. Crous PW, Verkley GJM, Groenewald JZ (2006b). Eucalyptus microfungi known from culture. 1. Cladoriella and Fulvoflamma genera nova, with notes on some other poorly known taxa. Studies in Mycology 55: 53–63. Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Mansilla JP, Alfenas AC, Groenewald JZ (2006c). Phylogenetic reassessment of Mycosphaerella spp. and their anamorphs occurring on Eucalyptus. II. Studies in Mycology 55: 99–131. David JC (1997). A contribution to the systematics of Cladosporium. Revision of the fungi previously referred to Heterosporium. Mycological Papers 172: 1–157. Dugan FM, Schubert K, Braun U (2004). Check-list of Cladosporium names. Schlechtendalia 11: 1–103. Ellis MB (1971). Dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew. Ellis MB (1976). More dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew. El-Morsy EM (2000). Fungi isolated from the endorhizosphere of halophytic plants from the Red Sea Coast of Egypt. Fungal Diversity 5: 43–54 Gams W, Verkley GJM, Crous PW (2007). CBS Course of Mycology, 5 th ed. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht. Gerrits van den Ende AHG, Hoog GS de (1999). Variability and molecular diagnostics of the neurotropic species Cladophialophora bantiana. Studies in Mycology 43: 151–162. Goh T-K, Hyde KD (1998). A synopsis of and key to Diplococcium species, based on the literature, with a description of a new species. Fungal Diversity 1: 65–83. Hawksworth DL (1979). The lichenicolous hyphomycetes. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany 6: 183–300. Heuchert B, Braun U, Schubert K (2005). Morphotaxonomic revision of fungicolous Cladosporium species (hyphomycetes). Schlechtendalia 13: 1–78. Ho MH-M, Castañeda RF, Dugan FM, Jong, SC (1999). Cladosporium and Cladophialophora in culture: descriptions and an expanded key. Mycotaxon 72: 115–157. Hoog GS de, Batenburg van der Vegte WH (1989). Retroconis, a new genus of ascomycetous hyphomycetes. Studies in Mycology 31: 99–105. Hoog GS de, Gerrits van den Ende AHG (1998). Molecular diagnostics of clinical strains of filamentous Basidiomycetes. Mycoses 41: 183–189. Hoog GS de, Guarro, J, Gené J, Figueras MJ (2000). Atlas of clinical fungi, 2 nd ed. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht and Universitat rovira I virgili, Reus. Inacio J, Pereira P, de Cavalho M, Fonseca A, Amaral-Collaco MT, Spencer-Martins I (2002). Estimation and diversity of phylloplane mycobiota on selected plants in a Mediterranean-type ecosystem in Portugal. Microbial Ecology 44: 344–353. Islam M, Hasin F (2000). Studies on phylloplane mycoflora of Amaranthus viridis L. National Academy Science Letters, India 23: 121–123. Jager ES de, Wehner FC, Karsten L (2001). Microbial ecology of the mango phylloplane. Microbial Ecology 42: 201–207. Kirk PM (1982). New or interesting microfungi. IV. Dematiaceous hyphomycetes from Devon. Transactions of the Britisch Mycological Society 78: 55–74. Levetin E, Dorsey K (2006). Contribution to leaf surface fungi to the air spora. Aerobiologia 22: 3–12. Masclaux F, Guého E, Hoog GS de, Christen R (1995). Phylogenetic relationship of human-pathogenic Cladosporium (Xylohypha) species. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 33: 327–338. Matsushima T (1975). Icones microfungorum a Matsushima lectorum. Kobe. McGinnis MR, Padhye AA (1978). Cladosporium castellanii is a synonym of Stenella araguata. Mycotaxon 7: 415–418. McKemy JM, Morgan-Jones G (1990). Studies in the genus Cladosporium sensu lato II. Concerning Heterosporium gracile, the causal organism of leaf spot disease of Iris species. Mycotaxon 39: 425–440. Minoura K (1966). Taxonomic studies on cladosporia (IV). Morphological properties (part II). Journal of Fermentation Technology 44: 137–149. Moncalvo J-M, Rehner SA, Vilgalys R (1993). Systematics of Lyophyllum section Difformia based on evidence from culture studies and ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycologia 85: 788–794. Park HG, Managbanag JR, Stamenova EK, Jong SC (2004). Comparative analysis of common indoor Cladosporium species based on molecular data and conidial characters. Mycotaxon 89: 441–451. Partridge EC, Morgan-Jones G (2002). Notes on hyphomycetes, LXXXVIII. New genera in which to classify Alysidium resinae and Pycnostysanus azaleae, with a consideration of Sorocybe. Mycotaxon 83: 335–352. Rayner RW (1970). A mycological colour chart. CMI and British Mycological Society. Kew. Rehner SA, Samuels GJ (1994). Taxonomy and phylogeny of Gliocladium analysed from nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycological Research 98: 625–634. Riesen T, Sieber T (1985). Endophytic fungi in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich. Roquebert MF (1981). Analyse des phénoménes pariétaux au cours de la conidiogenése chez quelques champignon microscopiques. Memoires du Museum d’Histoire Naturelle, Sér B, Botanique 28: 3–79. Schoch C, Shoemaker RA, Seifert KA, Hambleton S, Spatafora JW, Crous PW (2006). A multigene phylogeny of the Dothideomycetes using four nuclear loci. Mycologia 98: 1041–1052. Schubert K (2005a). Morphotaxonomic revision of foliicolous Cladosporium species (hyphomycetes). PhD thesis, Martin-Luther-University, Halle. Schubert K (2005b). Taxonomic revision of the genus Cladosporium s. lat. 3. A revision of Cladosporium species described by J.J. Davis and H.C. Greene (WIS). Mycotaxon 92: 55–76. Schubert K, Braun U (2004). Taxonomic revision of the genus Cladosporium s. lat. 2. Morphotaxonomic examination of Cladosporium species occurring on hosts of the families Bignoniaceae and Orchidaceae. Sydowia 56: 76–97. Schubert K, Braun U (2005a). Taxonomic revision of the genus Cladosporium s. lat. 1. Species reallocated to Fusicladium, Parastenella, Passalora, Pseudocercospora and Stenella. Mycological Progress 4: 101–109. Schubert K, Braun U (2005b). Taxonomic revision of the genus Cladosporium s. lat. 4. Species reallocated to Asperisporium, Dischloridium, Fusicladium, Passalora, Pseudasperisporium and Stenella. Fungal Diversity 20: 187–208. Schubert K, Braun U (2007). Taxonomic revision of the genus Cladosporium s. lat. 6. New species, reallocations to and synonyms of Cercospora, Fusicladium, Passalora, Septonema and Stenella. Nova Hedwigia 84: 189–208. Schubert K, Braun U, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW (2007a). Cladosporium leaf-blotch and stem rot of Paeonia spp. caused by Dichocladosporium chlorocephalum gen. nov. Studies in Mycology 58: 95–104. Schubert K, Braun U, Mułenko W (2006). Taxonomic revision of the genus Cladosporium s. lat. 5. Validations and descriptions of new species. Schlechtendalia 14: 55–83. Schubert K, Groenewald JZ, Braun U, Dijksterhuis J, Starink M, Hill CF, Zalar P, Hoog GS de, Crous PW (2007b). Biodiversity in the Cladosporium herbarum complex (Davidiellaceae, Capnodiales), with standardisation of methods for Cladosporium taxonomy and diagnostics. Studies in Mycology 58: 105–156. Schubert K, Ritschel A, Braun U (2003). A monograph of Fusicladium s. lat. (hyphomycetes). Schlechtendalia 9: 1–132. Seifert K, Nickerson NL, Corlett M, Jackson ED, Lois-Seize G, Davies RJ (2004). Devriesia, a new hyphomycete genus to accommodate heat-resistant, cladosporium-like fungi. Canadian Journal of Botany 82: 914–926. Stohr SN, Dighton J (2004). Effects of species diversity on establishment and coexistence: A phylloplane fungal community model system. Microbial Ecology 48: 431–438. Untereiner WA (1997). Taxonomy of selected members of the ascomycete genus Capronia with notes on anamorph-teleomorph connections. Mycologia 89: 120–131. Untereiner WA, Gerrits van den Ende AHG, Hoog GS de (1999). Nutritional physiology of species of Capronia. Studies in Mycology 43: 98–106. Untereiner WA, Naveau FA (1999). Molecular systematics of the Herpotrichiellaceae with an assessment of the phylogenetic positions of Exophiala dermatitidis and Phialophora americana. Mycologia 91: 67–83. Varghese KIM, Rao VG (1979). Forest microfungi – I. Subramaniomyces, a new genus of Hyphomycetes. Kavaka 7: 83–85. Vilgalys R, Hester M (1990). Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several Cryptococcus species. Journal of Bacteriology 172: 4238–4246. Vries GA de (1952). Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Cladosporium Link ex Fr. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Baarn. White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: PCR Protocols: a guide to methods and applications (Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ, eds). Academic Press, San Diego, California: 315–322. Wirsel SGR, Runge-Froböse C, Ahrén DG, Kemen E, Oliver RP, Mendgen KW (2002). Four or more species of Cladosporium sympatrically colonize Phragmites australis. Fungal Genetics and Biology 35: 99–113. 56
available online at www.studiesinmycology.org doi:10.3114/sim.2007.58.03 Studies in Mycology 58: 57–93. 2007. Phylogenetic and morphotaxonomic revision of Ramichloridium and allied genera M. Arzanlou 1,2 , J.Z. Groenewald 1 , W. Gams 1 , U. Braun 3 , H.-D Shin 4 and P.W. Crous 1,2* 1 CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; 2 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 5, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands; 3 Martin-Luther-Universität, Institut für Biologie, Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Neuwerk 21, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany; 4 Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea *Correspondence: Pedro W. Crous, p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl Abstract: The phylogeny of the genera Periconiella, Ramichloridium, Rhinocladiella and Veronaea was explored by means of partial sequences of the 28S (LSU) rRNA gene and the ITS region (ITS1, 5.8S rDNA and ITS2). Based on the LSU sequence data, ramichloridium-like species segregate into eight distinct clusters. These include the Capnodiales (Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae), the Chaetothyriales (Herpotrichiellaceae), the Pleosporales, and five ascomycete clades with uncertain affinities. The type species of Ramichloridium, R. apiculatum, together with R. musae, R. biverticillatum, R. cerophilum, R. verrucosum, R. pini, and three new species isolated from Strelitzia, Musa and forest soil, respectively, reside in the Capnodiales clade. The human-pathogenic species R. mackenziei and R. basitonum, together with R. fasciculatum and R. anceps, cluster with Rhinocladiella (type species: Rh. atrovirens, Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales), and are allocated to this genus. Veronaea botryosa, the type species of the genus Veronaea, also resides in the Chaetothyriales clade, whereas Veronaea simplex clusters as a sister taxon to the Venturiaceae (Pleosporales), and is placed in a new genus, Veronaeopsis. Ramichloridium obovoideum clusters with Carpoligna pleurothecii (anamorph: Pleurothecium sp., Chaetosphaeriales), and a new combination is proposed in Pleurothecium. Other ramichloridium-like clades include R. subulatum and R. epichloës (incertae sedis, Sordariomycetes), for which a new genus, Radulidium is erected. Ramichloridium schulzeri and its varieties are placed in a new genus, Myrmecridium (incertae sedis, Sordariomycetes). The genus Pseudovirgaria (incertae sedis) is introduced to accommodate ramichloridium-like isolates occurring on various species of rust fungi. A veronaea-like isolate from Bertia moriformis with phylogenetic affinity to the Annulatascaceae (Sordariomycetidae) is placed in a new genus, Rhodoveronaea. Besides Ramichloridium, Periconiella is also polyphyletic. Thysanorea is introduced to accommodate Periconiella papuana (Herpotrichiellaceae), which is unrelated to the type species, P. velutina (Mycosphaerellaceae). Taxonomic novelties: Myrmecridium Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, gen. nov., Myrmecridium flexuosum (de Hoog) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, comb. et stat. nov., Myrmecridium schulzeri (Sacc.) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous var. schulzeri, comb. nov., Myrmecridium schulzeri var. tritici (M.B. Ellis) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, comb. nov., Periconiella arcuata Arzanlou, S. Lee & Crous, sp. nov., Periconiella levispora Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, sp. nov., Pleurothecium obovoideum (Matsush.) Arzanlou & Crous, comb. nov., Pseudovirgaria H.D. Shin, U. Braun, Arzanlou & Crous, gen. nov., Pseudovirgaria hyperparasitica H.D. Shin, U. Braun, Arzanlou & Crous, sp. nov., Radulidium Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, gen. nov., Radulidium epichloës (Ellis & Dearn.) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, comb. nov., Radulidium subulatum (de Hoog) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, comb. nov., Ramichloridium australiense Arzanlou & Crous, sp. nov., Ramichloridium biverticillatum Arzanlou & Crous, nom. nov., Ramichloridium brasilianum Arzanlou & Crous, sp. nov., Ramichloridium strelitziae Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, sp. nov., Rhinocladiella basitona (de Hoog) Arzanlou & Crous, comb. nov., Rhinocladiella fasciculata (V. Rao & de Hoog) Arzanlou & Crous, comb. nov., Rhinocladiella mackenziei (C.K. Campb. & Al-Hedaithy) Arzanlou & Crous, comb. nov., Rhodoveronaea Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, gen. nov., Rhodoveronaea varioseptata Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, sp. nov., Thysanorea Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, gen. nov., Thysanorea papuana (Aptroot) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, comb. nov., Veronaea japonica Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, sp. nov., Veronaeopsis Arzanlou & Crous, gen. nov., Veronaeopsis simplex (Papendorf) Arzanlou & Crous, comb.nov. Key words: Capnodiales, Chaetothyriales, Mycosphaerella, Periconiella, phylogeny, Rhinocladiella, Veronaea. Introduction The anamorph genus Ramichloridium Stahel ex de Hoog 1977 presently accommodates a wide range of species with erect, dark, more or less differentiated, branched or unbranched conidiophores and predominantly aseptate conidia produced on a sympodially proliferating rachis (de Hoog 1977). This heterogeneous group of anamorphic fungi includes species with diverse life styles, viz. saprobes, human and plant pathogens, most of which were classified by Schol-Schwarz (1968) in Rhinocladiella Nannf. according to a very broad generic concept. Ramichloridium was originally erected by Stahel (1937) with R. musae Stahel as type species. However, because his publication lacked a Latin diagnosis, the genus was invalid. Stahel also invalidly described Chloridium musae Stahel for a fungus causing leaf spots (tropical speckle disease) on banana. Ellis (1976) validated Chloridium musae as Veronaea musae M.B. Ellis, and Ramichloridium musae as Periconiella musae Stahel ex M.B. Ellis. Periconiella Sacc. (1885) [type species P. velutina (G. Winter) Sacc.] differs from Veronaea Cif. & Montemart. chiefly based on its dark brown, apically branched conidiophores. However, de Hoog (1977) observed numerous specimens of V. musae to exhibit branched conidiophores in culture, as did Stahel (1937) for Ramichloridium musae. De Hoog (1977) subsequently reintroduced Ramichloridium, but typified it with R. apiculatum (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) de Hoog. He regarded V. musae and P. musae to be conspecific, and applied the name R. musae (Stahel ex M.B. Ellis) de Hoog to both species, regarding Periconiella musae as basionym. The circumscription by de Hoog was based on their similar morphology and ecology. Central in his genus concept was the observed presence of more or less differentiated and pigmented conidiophores, with predominantly aseptate conidia produced on a sympodially proliferating rachis. De Hoog (1977) also used some ecological features as additional characters to discriminate Ramichloridium from other genera, noting, for instance, that species in Ramichloridium were non-pathogenic to humans (de Hoog 1977, Campbell & Al-Hedaithy 1993). This delimitation, however, was not commonly accepted (McGinnis & Schell 1980). De Hoog et al. (1983) further discussed the problematic separation of Ramichloridium from genera such as Rhinocladiella, Veronaea and Cladosporium Link. It was further noted that the main feature to distinguish Ramichloridium from Rhinocladiella, was the presence of exophiala-type budding cells in species of Rhinocladiella (de Hoog 1977, de Hoog et al. 1983, Veerkamp & Gams 1983). The separation of Veronaea from this complex is more problematic, as the circumscriptions provided by Ellis (1976) and Morgan-Jones (1979, 1982) overlap with that of Ramichloridium sensu de Hoog (1977). Cladosporium is more distinct, having very conspicuous, protuberant, darkened and thickened, coronate conidial scars, and catenate conidia (David 1997, Braun et al. 2003, Schubert et al. 2007 – this volume). 57
Page 1:
Studies in Mycology 58 (2007) The g
Page 4 and 5:
Studies in Mycology The Studies in
Page 7 and 8:
CONTENTS P.W. Crous, U. Braun and J
Page 9 and 10:
lectotype for the genus by Clements
Page 11:
Schubert K (2005a). Morphotaxonomic
Page 14 and 15:
Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
Page 16 and 17:
Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
Page 18 and 19: Crous et al. 100 10 changes 65 100
Page 20 and 21: Crous et al. Treatment of phylogene
Page 22 and 23: Crous et al. Teratosphaeria bellula
Page 24 and 25: Crous et al. 6. Conidiophores short
Page 26 and 27: Crous et al. Habit plant pathogenic
Page 28 and 29: Crous et al. Fig. 7. Catenulostroma
Page 30 and 31: Crous et al. system, consisting of
Page 32 and 33: Crous et al. Fig. 9. Penidiella col
Page 34 and 35: Crous et al. Fig. 12. Penidiella ri
Page 36 and 37: Crous et al. conidiophores, about 1
Page 38 and 39: Crous et al. have conidiomata rangi
Page 40 and 41: Crous et al. Schizothyriaceae clade
Page 42 and 43: Crous et al. Fig. 21. Stigmidium sc
Page 44 and 45: Crous et al. Gams W, Verkley GJM, C
Page 46 and 47: Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates for
Page 48 and 49: Crous et al. 100 61 100 52 100 10 c
Page 50 and 51: Crous et al. Fig. 3. Rachicladospor
Page 52 and 53: Crous et al. Fig. 4. Toxicocladospo
Page 54 and 55: Crous et al. Fig. 5. Verrucocladosp
Page 56 and 57: Crous et al. Fig. 7. Stenella aragu
Page 58 and 59: Crous et al. Helotiales, incertae s
Page 60 and 61: Crous et al. Fig. 10. Ochrocladospo
Page 62 and 63: Crous et al. Fig. 12. Rhizocladospo
Page 64 and 65: Crous et al. 7. Conidiophores unbra
Page 66 and 67: Crous et al. 33. Terminal conidioge
Page 70 and 71: Arzanlou et al. To date 26 species
Page 72 and 73: Arzanlou et al. Table 1. (Continued
Page 74 and 75: Arzanlou et al. 10 changes Athelia
Page 76 and 77: Arzanlou et al. Athelia epiphylla A
Page 78 and 79: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 3. Periconiell
Page 80 and 81: Arzanlou et al. Cultural characteri
Page 82 and 83: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 10. A. Ramichl
Page 84 and 85: Arzanlou et al. Ramichloridium musa
Page 88 and 89: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 20. Rhinocladi
Page 90 and 91: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 22. Rhinocladi
Page 92 and 93: Arzanlou et al. Rhinocladiella mack
Page 94 and 95: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 26. Veronaea c
Page 98 and 99: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 30. Myrmecridi
Page 100 and 101: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 32. Radulidium
Page 102 and 103: Arzanlou et al. Fig. 34. Rhodoveron
Page 104 and 105: Arzanlou et al. even further, thoug
Page 106 and 107: available online at www.studiesinmy
Page 108 and 109: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. 10 chan
Page 110 and 111: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. Fig. 3.
Page 112 and 113: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. to intr
Page 114 and 115: Dichocladosporium gen. nov. Czechos
Page 116 and 117: available online at www.studiesinmy
Page 118 and 119:
Cladosporium herbarum species compl
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
available online at www.studiesinmy
Page 170 and 171:
Cladosporium sphaerospermum species
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Crous et al. The aim of the present
Page 198 and 199:
Crous et al. 10 changes Athelia epi
Page 200 and 201:
Crous et al. Table 1. Isolates used
Page 202 and 203:
Crous et al. Table 1. (Continued).
Page 204 and 205:
Crous et al. 0.1 expected changes p
Page 206 and 207:
Crous et al. Fig. 6. Cladophialopho
Page 208 and 209:
Crous et al. Fig. 11. Cladophialoph
Page 210 and 211:
Crous et al. Fig. 13. Cladophialoph
Page 212 and 213:
Crous et al. Fig. 15. Exophiala sp.
Page 214 and 215:
Crous et al. Fig. 18. Cylindrosympo
Page 216 and 217:
Crous et al. Fig. 19. Fusicladium a
Page 218 and 219:
Crous et al. Fig. 22. Fusicladium f
Page 220 and 221:
Crous et al. Fig. 24. Fusicladium p
Page 222 and 223:
Crous et al. Fusicladium rhodense C
Page 224 and 225:
Crous et al. Excluded taxa Polyscyt
Page 226 and 227:
Crous et al. the conidial tips are
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Cladophialophora carrionii complex
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Hormoconis resinae and morphologica
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Fig. 6 Hormoconis resinae and morph
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
Cladophialophora, 52 k , 54 k -55,
Page 258 and 259:
Fusicladium phillyreae, 189 c , 191
Page 260 and 261:
Ramichloridium epichloës, 60, 89 P
Page 262:
Trimmatostroma salicis, 3 t , 5, 6
show all

The genus Cladosporium and similar dematiaceous ... - CBS - KNAW

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?