Human Development Report 2013 - UNDP

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table 3 Inequality-adjusted Human Development IndexHuman DevelopmentIndex (HDI)ValueValueInequality-adjustedHDI (IHDI)Overallloss (%)Inequality-adjustedlife expectancy indexInequality-adjustededucation indexInequality-adjustedincome indexDifference fromHDI rank a Value Loss (%) Value Loss (%) Value Loss (%)Quintile Income Giniincome ratio coefficientHDI rank 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 b 2012 2012 b 2012 2000–2010 c 2000–2010 c121 Kiribati 0.629 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..121 South Africa 0.629 .. .. .. 0.376 28.4 0.558 20.8 .. .. 25.3 63.1124 Vanuatu 0.626 .. .. .. 0.681 15.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..125 Kyrgyzstan 0.622 0.516 17.1 8 0.606 19.8 0.674 6.5 0.336 24.1 6.4 36.2125 Tajikistan 0.622 0.507 18.4 2 0.548 27.2 0.623 12.2 0.383 15.0 4.7 30.8127 Viet Nam 0.617 0.531 14.0 14 0.755 13.4 0.447 17.1 0.444 11.4 5.9 35.6128 Namibia 0.608 0.344 43.5 –16 0.528 21.1 0.402 27.8 0.191 68.3 21.8 63.9129 Nicaragua 0.599 0.434 27.5 1 0.735 13.9 0.351 33.3 0.317 33.6 7.6 40.5130 Morocco 0.591 0.415 29.7 0 0.686 16.7 0.243 45.8 0.430 23.0 7.3 40.9131 Iraq 0.590 .. .. .. 0.622 20.3 0.334 33.0 .. .. 4.6 30.9132 Cape Verde 0.586 .. .. .. 0.746 12.7 .. .. .. .. 12.3 50.5133 Guatemala 0.581 0.389 33.1 –3 0.659 18.6 0.280 36.1 0.318 42.5 19.6 55.9134 Timor-Leste 0.576 0.386 33.0 –3 0.471 30.2 0.251 47.6 0.485 17.8 4.6 31.9135 Ghana 0.558 0.379 32.2 –3 0.508 27.5 0.352 40.9 0.303 27.2 9.3 42.8136 Equatorial Guinea 0.554 .. .. .. 0.270 45.4 .. .. .. .. .. ..136 India 0.554 0.392 29.3 1 0.525 27.1 0.264 42.4 0.434 15.8 4.9 33.4138 Cambodia 0.543 0.402 25.9 3 0.488 28.8 0.372 28.3 0.358 20.3 6.1 37.9138 Lao People’s Democratic Republic 0.543 0.409 24.7 4 0.589 21.7 0.311 31.2 0.374 20.6 5.9 36.7140 Bhutan 0.538 0.430 20.0 8 0.568 24.1 0.312 12.2 0.450 23.1 6.8 38.1141 Swaziland 0.536 0.346 35.4 –3 0.296 35.0 0.409 29.8 0.343 40.9 14.0 51.5Low human development142 Congo 0.534 0.368 31.1 1 0.374 37.0 0.384 25.4 0.348 30.3 10.7 47.3143 Solomon Islands 0.530 .. .. .. 0.602 20.7 .. .. .. .. .. ..144 Sao Tome and Principe 0.525 0.358 31.7 1 0.503 28.8 0.379 20.0 0.241 44.2 10.8 50.8145 Kenya 0.519 0.344 33.6 –2 0.390 34.1 0.405 30.7 0.259 36.0 11.0 47.7146 Bangladesh 0.515 0.374 27.4 5 0.595 23.2 0.252 39.4 0.350 17.7 4.7 32.1146 Pakistan 0.515 0.356 30.9 2 0.487 32.3 0.217 45.2 0.426 11.0 4.2 30.0148 Angola 0.508 0.285 43.9 –12 0.267 46.1 0.303 34.6 0.286 50.0 30.9 58.6149 Myanmar 0.498 .. .. .. 0.537 25.3 .. .. .. .. .. ..150 Cameroon 0.495 0.330 33.4 –1 0.288 43.0 0.346 35.3 0.361 19.9 6.9 38.9151 Madagascar 0.483 0.335 30.7 1 0.549 25.6 0.342 30.1 0.199 36.1 9.3 44.1152 Tanzania, United Republic of 0.476 0.346 27.3 5 0.414 32.4 0.326 28.3 0.307 20.9 6.6 37.6153 Nigeria 0.471 0.276 41.4 –13 0.286 43.8 0.250 45.2 0.295 34.5 12.2 48.8154 Senegal 0.470 0.315 33.0 2 0.432 30.7 0.223 44.6 0.325 21.6 7.4 39.2155 Mauritania 0.467 0.306 34.4 1 0.391 36.2 0.212 42.1 0.346 23.8 7.8 40.5156 Papua New Guinea 0.466 .. .. .. 0.508 25.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..157 Nepal 0.463 0.304 34.2 0 0.622 19.5 0.202 43.6 0.225 37.4 5.0 32.8158 Lesotho 0.461 0.296 35.9 –1 0.297 34.3 0.379 24.3 0.229 47.0 19.0 52.5159 Togo 0.459 0.305 33.5 3 0.371 37.2 0.291 41.5 0.263 20.0 5.6 34.4160 Yemen 0.458 0.310 32.3 6 0.541 25.1 0.156 49.8 0.353 17.6 6.3 37.7161 Haiti 0.456 0.273 40.2 –7 0.461 30.9 0.241 40.7 0.182 47.9 26.6 59.2161 Uganda 0.456 0.303 33.6 3 0.331 39.1 0.327 32.2 0.257 29.1 8.7 44.3163 Zambia 0.448 0.283 36.7 –2 0.269 41.9 0.383 23.8 0.221 42.6 e 16.6 54.6164 Djibouti 0.445 0.285 36.0 1 0.380 36.9 0.166 47.0 0.365 21.7 7.7 40.0165 Gambia 0.439 .. .. .. 0.404 33.9 .. .. .. .. 11.0 47.3166 Benin 0.436 0.280 35.8 –1 0.343 40.3 0.213 42.0 0.301 23.6 6.6 38.6167 Rwanda 0.434 0.287 33.9 6 0.330 41.3 0.285 29.4 0.251 30.2 12.7 53.1168 Côte d’Ivoire 0.432 0.265 38.6 –3 0.352 37.8 0.197 43.2 0.268 34.4 8.5 41.5169 Comoros 0.429 .. .. .. 0.440 32.6 0.189 47.4 .. .. 26.7 64.3170 Malawi 0.418 0.287 31.4 7 0.329 39.9 0.309 30.2 0.232 23.1 6.6 39.0171 Sudan 0.414 .. .. .. 0.440 33.0 .. .. .. .. 6.2 35.3172 Zimbabwe 0.397 0.284 28.5 5 0.357 30.6 0.469 17.8 0.137 35.8 .. ..173 Ethiopia 0.396 0.269 31.9 1 0.404 35.4 0.179 38.3 0.271 20.8 4.3 29.8174 Liberia 0.388 0.251 35.3 0 0.367 37.6 0.230 46.4 0.188 19.0 7.0 38.2175 Afghanistan 0.374 .. .. .. 0.225 50.9 0.205 39.3 .. .. 4.0 27.8176 Guinea-Bissau 0.364 0.213 41.4 –3 0.224 50.1 0.185 40.3 0.234 32.5 5.9 35.5177 Sierra Leone 0.359 0.210 41.6 –3 0.242 45.3 0.171 47.4 0.222 31.0 8.1 42.5178 Burundi 0.355 .. .. .. 0.264 45.6 .. .. .. .. 4.8 33.3178 Guinea 0.355 0.217 38.8 0 0.311 42.7 0.145 42.0 0.228 31.1 7.3 39.4180 Central African Republic 0.352 0.209 40.5 –2 0.247 46.0 0.176 45.9 0.210 28.1 18.0 56.3181 Eritrea 0.351 .. .. .. 0.485 26.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..182 Mali 0.344 .. .. .. 0.269 46.3 0.162 36.9 .. .. 5.2 33.0154 | Human Development Report 2013
Human Development Report 2013The Rise of the South Human Progress in a Diverse WorldHuman DevelopmentIndex (HDI)Inequality-adjustedHDI (IHDI)Inequality-adjustedlife expectancy indexInequality-adjustededucation indexInequality-adjustedincome indexQuintile Income Giniincome ratio coefficientValueValueOverallloss (%)Difference fromHDI rank a Value Loss (%) Value Loss (%) Value Loss (%)HDI rank 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 b 2012 2012 b 2012 2000–2010 c 2000–2010 c183 Burkina Faso 0.343 0.226 34.2 4 0.329 41.7 0.125 36.2 0.281 23.4 7.0 39.8184 Chad 0.340 0.203 40.1 –1 0.226 52.0 0.126 43.4 0.295 21.0 7.4 39.8185 Mozambique 0.327 0.220 32.7 5 0.286 40.8 0.182 18.2 0.205 37.0 f 9.8 45.7186 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0.304 0.183 39.9 –1 0.226 50.0 0.249 31.2 0.108 36.8 9.3 44.4186 Niger 0.304 0.200 34.2 0 0.317 42.6 0.107 39.5 0.236 17.9 5.3 34.6Other countries or territoriesKorea, Democratic People’s Rep. of .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Marshall Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Monaco .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Nauru .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..San Marino .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..South Sudan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 45.5Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Human Development Index groupsVery high human development 0.905 0.807 10.8 — 0.897 5.2 0.851 6.8 0.688 19.8 — —High human development 0.758 0.602 20.6 — 0.736 12.4 0.592 19.9 0.500 28.6 — —Medium human development 0.640 0.485 24.2 — 0.633 19.3 0.395 30.2 0.456 22.7 — —Low human development 0.466 0.310 33.5 — 0.395 35.7 0.246 38.7 0.307 25.6 — —RegionsArab States 0.652 0.486 25.4 — 0.669 16.7 0.320 39.6 0.538 17.5 — —East Asia and the Pacific 0.683 0.537 21.3 — 0.711 14.2 0.480 21.9 0.455 27.2 — —Europe and Central Asia 0.771 0.672 12.9 — 0.716 11.7 0.713 10.5 0.594 16.3 — —Latin America and the Caribbean 0.741 0.550 25.7 — 0.744 13.4 0.532 23.0 0.421 38.5 — —South Asia 0.558 0.395 29.1 — 0.531 27.0 0.267 42.0 0.436 15.9 — —Sub-Saharan Africa 0.475 0.309 35.0 — 0.335 39.0 0.285 35.3 0.308 30.4 — —Least developed countries 0.449 0.303 32.5 — 0.406 34.6 0.240 36.2 0.287 26.1 — —Small island developing states 0.648 0.459 29.2 — 0.633 19.2 0.412 30.1 0.370 37.2 — —World 0.694 0.532 23.3 — 0.638 19.0 0.453 27.0 0.522 23.5 — —NOTESa Based on countries for which the InequalityadjustedHuman Development Index is calculated.b The list of surveys used to estimate inequalitiesis available at http://hdr.undp.org.c Data refer to the most recent year availableduring the period specified.d Based on the 2010 Current Population Survey(from the Luxembourg Income Study database).In the 2011 Human Development Report incomeinequality was based on the 2005 AmericanCommunity Survey (from the World Bank’sInternational Income Distribution Database). Thetwo sources seem to be inconsistent.e Based on simulated income distribution fromthe 2007 Demographic and Health Survey. In the2011 Human Development Report inequality inconsumption was based on the 2002–2003 LivingConditions Monitoring Survey.f Based on simulated income distribution fromthe 2009 Demographic and Health Survey. In the2011 Human Development Report inequality inconsumption was based on the 2003 NationalHousehold Survey of Living Conditions.DEFINITIONSHuman Development Index (HDI): A compositeindex measuring average achievement in three basicdimensions of human development—a long andhealthy life, knowledge and a decent standard ofliving. See Technical note 1 at http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2013_EN_TechNotes.pdf for detailson how the HDI is calculated.Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI): HDI valueadjusted for inequalities in the three basicdimensions of human development. See Technicalnote 2 at http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2013_EN_TechNotes.pdf for details on how the IHDI iscalculated.Overall loss: The loss in potential humandevelopment due to inequality, calculated as thepercentage difference between the HDI and the IHDI.Inequality-adjusted life expectancy index: TheHDI life expectancy index adjusted for inequality indistribution of expected length of life based on datafrom life tables listed in Main data sources.Inequality-adjusted education index: TheHDI education index adjusted for inequality indistribution of years of schooling based on data fromhousehold surveys listed in Main data sources.Inequality-adjusted income index: The HDIincome index adjusted for inequality in incomedistribution based on data from household surveyslisted in Main data sources.Quintile income ratio: Ratio of the average incomeof the richest 20% of the population to the averageincome of the poorest 20% of the population.Income Gini coefficient: Measure of the deviationof the distribution of income (or consumption) amongindividuals or households within a country from aperfectly equal distribution. A value of 0 representsabsolute equality, a value of 100 absolute inequality.MAIN DATA SOURCESColumn 1: HDRO calculations based on data fromUNDESA (2011), Barro and Lee (2011), UNESCOInstitute for Statistics (2012), World Bank (2012a)and IMF (2012).Column 2: Calculated as the geometric mean of thevalues in columns 5, 7 and 9 using the methodologyin Technical note 2.Column 3: Calculated based on data in columns1 and 2.Column 4: Calculated based on data in column 2and recalculated HDI ranks for countries with theIHDI.Column 5: Calculated based on abridged life tablesfrom UNDESA (2011).Column 6: Calculated based on data in column 5and the unadjusted life expectancy index.Columns 7 and 9: Calculated based on datafrom LIS (2012), Eurostat (2012), World Bank(2012b), UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveysfor 2002–2012 and ICF Macro (2012) using themethodology in Technical note 2.Column 8: Calculated based on data in column 7and the unadjusted education index.Column 10: Calculated based on data in column 9and the unadjusted income index.Columns 11 and 12: World Bank (2012a).Table 3 Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index | 155
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WNSEHuman DevelopmentReport 2013The
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Human Development Report 2013The Ri
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Human Development Report 2013 TeamD
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Finally, the Report also calls for
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Heather Simpson, Ben Slay, Mounir T
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3.6 India’s Supreme Court issues
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OverviewOne of the most heartening
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and sustainability are fully incorp
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Without investment in people, retur
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opportunity to reap the full benefi
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Woods institutions, the United Nati
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IntroductionWhen developed economie
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leading economies—Brazil, China a
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comparable access to information, e
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mobile phones: cellular banking is
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“The political problem ofmankind
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BOX 1.1Fairness, macroeconomics and
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BOX 1.3Amartya Sen, Nobel Laureate
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FIGURE 1.1Income per capita is risi
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BOX 1.4Subjective indicators of wel
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FIGURE 1.4There is notable variatio
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FIGURE 1.6Most regions show declini
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Progress in humandevelopment achiev
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BOX 1.7Social competencies: human d
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TABLE 1.3Inequality and satisfactio
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Not all countries havethe precondit
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“When the music changes,so does t
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BOX 2.1The South’s integration wi
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FIGURE 2.1As a share of world merch
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BOX 2.2Acquisitions by the South of
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FIGURE 2.3Between 2000 and 2010, In
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FIGURE 2.4Export earnings per capit
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BOX 2.6Final assembly is about more
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Instead of having a centreof indust
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FIGURE 2.6Emerging market economies
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Developing countriestrade more amon
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“We cannot expect thatall nations
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TABLE 3.1Selected developing countr
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A common featureof countries thatha
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More important thangetting prices r
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BOX 3.5Eastern Europe and Central A
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States have to beconscious that the
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As countries develop,they tend to d
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Having weathered theAsian financial
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Providing publicservices that contr
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Advancing health requiresmore than
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Universal public healthand educatio
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• China. The Minimum Livelihood G
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“Each generation will reap whatth
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concerns will make for a complex en
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A greater emphasison education cans
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FIGURE 4.1Under the fast track scen
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Around the worldpeople are calling
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FIGURE 4.4Different environmental s
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FIGURE 4.5Education policies can al
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BOX 4.2China and Ghana: who benefit
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FIGURE 4.8countries thus converge t
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Page 137 and 138: NotesOverview1 Atsmon and others 20
Page 139 and 140: 25 Blinder 2006.26 UNIDO 2009.27 UN
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