Human Development Report 2013 - UNDP

Human Development Report 2013The Rise of the South Human Progress in a Diverse WorldFINANCIAL FLOWSHUMAN MOBILITYForeigndirectinvestment,net inflowsNet officialdevelopmentassistancereceived aPrivatecapital flowsRemittances(% of GDP)Total reservesminus goldStock ofemigrants bMigrationStock ofimmigrantsNet migrationrateInternationalinboundtourismInternationaltelephone traffic(minutes per person)(% of GDP) (% of GNI) (% of GDP) Inflows Outflows (% of GDP) (% of population)(per 1,000people) (thousands) Incoming OutgoingHDI rank 2007–2011 c 2010 2007–2011 c 2010 2010 2007–2011 c 2010 2010 2005/2010 d 2010 2005–2010 c 2005–2010 c177 Sierra Leone 4.5 24.4 36.9 3.01 0.31 19.6 4.6 1.8 2.2 39 .. ..178 Burundi 0.0 31.0 0.1 1.39 0.06 12.6 4.2 0.7 9.5 201 .. ..178 Guinea 2.1 5.1 22.7 1.28 0.92 .. 5.2 3.8 –6.3 30 i .. ..180 Central African Republic 3.6 13.2 .. .. .. 7.1 2.9 1.8 0.2 52 5.5 6.6181 Eritrea 2.6 7.7 .. .. .. 4.4 18.0 0.3 2.3 84 22.9 1.7182 Mali 1.6 12.1 –0.6 4.63 1.77 13.0 7.6 1.2 –1.4 169 8.8 14.1183 Burkina Faso 0.4 12.0 0.4 1.08 1.13 9.4 9.7 6.4 –1.6 274 .. ..184 Chad 9.1 6.2 .. .. .. 10.0 2.1 3.4 –1.4 31 .. ..185 Mozambique 8.6 21.4 16.1 1.43 0.87 19.3 5.0 1.9 –0.2 2,224 5.9 2.6186 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 22.4 29.0 .. .. .. 8.1 1.3 0.7 –0.1 53 3.9 3.1186 Niger 17.5 13.8 13.4 1.63 0.41 11.2 2.4 1.3 –0.4 66 .. ..Other countries or territoriesKorea, Democratic People’s Rep. of .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.3 0.2 0.0 .. .. ..Marshall Islands 5.3 45.9 .. .. .. .. 16.6 2.7 .. 5 .. ..Monaco .. .. .. .. .. .. 56.3 71.6 .. 279 .. ..Nauru .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..San Marino .. .. .. .. .. 1.2 9.9 37.0 .. 120 .. ..Somalia .. .. .. .. .. 20.7 8.7 0.2 –6.8 .. .. ..South Sudan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Tuvalu 4.8 26.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 .. ..Human Development Index groupsVery high human development 2.7 .. 0.9 0.31 0.50 7.8 3.6 11.3 4.0 534,968 .. 189.8High human development 2.7 0.2 2.2 0.99 1.25 23.2 6.7 4.5 –0.3 199,071 62.5 24.9Medium human development 2.8 0.2 2.8 1.81 0.13 33.8 1.6 0.7 –0.6 163,618 .. ..Low human development 2.3 5.5 1.9 4.91 0.46 13.6 2.8 1.6 –1.5 19,020 .. ..RegionsArab States 2.4 .. 0.5 2.29 3.76 43.7 5.4 8.0 3.3 76,540 .. ..East Asia and the Pacific 3.1 0.1 .. .. .. 40.3 1.1 0.3 –0.5 116,484 .. ..Europe and Central Asia 3.4 .. 1.8 1.22 0.81 19.4 10.3 6.5 –0.1 149,901 90.3 49.2Latin America and the Caribbean 2.7 0.2 3.7 1.15 0.12 13.1 5.3 1.1 –1.8 66,379 101.7 23.9South Asia 1.3 0.7 2.6 3.60 0.23 14.0 1.6 0.8 –1.1 11,008 19.5 ..Sub-Saharan Africa 2.7 3.8 2.8 1.99 0.52 15.0 2.5 2.1 –0.5 30,141 .. ..Least developed countries 2.4 8.3 1.5 5.09 .. 14.8 3.3 1.4 –1.4 16,915 .. ..Small island developing states 2.7 3.4 5.0 6.13 1.05 16.7 12.5 1.8 –3.5 15,782 .. ..World 2.7 0.0 1.4 0.76 0.53 14.7 2.9 3.1 0.0 917,082 .. ..NOTESa A negative value refers to net official developmentassistance disbursed by donor countries.b Some values may exceed 100% (see Definitions).c Data refer to the most recent year availableduring the period specified.d Data are average annual estimates for 2005–2010.e Refers to 2009.f Refers to 2007.g Refers to 2006.h Refers to 2008.DEFINITIONSForeign direct investment, net inflows: Sumof equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, otherlong-term capital and short-term capital, expressedas a percentage of GDP.Net official development assistance received:Disbursements of loans made on concessionalterms (net of repayments of principal) and grants byofficial agencies to promote economic developmentand welfare in countries and territories in part Iof the Development Assistance Committee list ofaid recipients, expressed as a percentage of therecipient country’s GNI.Private capital flows: Net foreign directinvestment and portfolio investment, expressed as apercentage of GDP.Remittances, inflows: Earnings and materialresources transferred by international migrants orrefugees to recipients in their country of origin orcountries where they formerly resided.Remittances, outflows: Current transfers bymigrant workers and wages and salaries earnedby nonresident workers. Remittances are classifiedas current private transfers from migrant workersresident in the host country for more than a year,irrespective of their immigration status, to recipientsin their country of origin. Migrants’ transfers aredefined as the net worth of migrants who areexpected to remain in the host country for morethan one year that is transferred from one country toanother at the time of migration. Compensation ofemployees is the income of migrants who have livedin the host country for less than a year. Data areexpressed as a share of GDP.Total reserves minus gold: Sum of specialdrawing rights, reserves of International MonetaryFund (IMF) members held by the IMF and holdingsof foreign exchange under the control of monetaryauthorities, excluding gold holdings, expressed as apercentage of GDP.Stock of emigrants: Ratio of the stock ofemigrants from a country to the population (not tothe sum of population and emigrants), expressedas a percentage of the country’s population. Thedefinition of emigrant varies across countries butgenerally refers to residents that left the countrywith the intention to remain abroad for more thana year.Stock of immigrants: Ratio of the stock ofimmigrants into a country, expressed as apercentage of the country’s population. Thedefinition of immigrant varies across countriesbut generally includes the stock of foreign-bornpeople or the stock of foreign people (according tocitizenship) or the combination of the two.Net migration rate: Ratio of the differencebetween the number of in-migrants and outmigrantsfrom a country during a specified period tothe average population during the period, expressedper 1,000 people.International inbound tourism: Arrivals ofnonresident visitors (overnight visitors, tourists,same-day visitors, excursionists) at national borders.International telephone traffic, incoming:Effective (completed) telephone calls (fixed andmobile) originating outside a given country with adestination inside the country, expressed in minutesof traffic per person.International telephone traffic, outgoing:Effective (completed) telephone calls (fixed andmobile) originating in a given country with adestination outside the country, expressed inminutes of traffic per person.MAIN DATA SOURCESColumns 1 and 3–6: World Bank (2012a).Column 2: World Bank (2012a) and OECD–DAC(2012).Column 7: HDRO calculations based on data fromWorld Bank (2011) and UNDESA (2011).Column 8: HDRO calculations based on data fromWorld Bank (2011) and population data from WorldBank (2012a).Column 9: UNDESA (2011).Column 10: UN WTO (2012).Columns 11 and 12: HDRO calculations based onincoming and outgoing total telephone traffic datafrom ITU (2012).Table 11 International capital flows and migration | 185